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Welcome to UISpace, The University of Ibadan Institutional Repository. A collection of theses, articles, books, videos, images, lectures, papers, data sets and all types of digital content originating from the University of Ibadan Nigeria. This repository is managed by the Kenneth Dike Library University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
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Speciation study of heavy metals in soil within the vicinity of a metal recycling factory at Ile-Ife, Southwestern Nigeria
(2014-01) Oyekunle, J. A. O.; Adekunle, A. S.; Ogunfowokan, A. O.; Durosinmi, L. M.; Adelowotan, O.; Oyeku, O. T.
A speciation study of Al, Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn in soil samples from a metal recycling factory in Ile-Ife Osun State, Nigeria, was carried out in order to assess the heavy metal pollution impact of the industrial processes on the immediate environment. Surface soil dust samples collected within the vicinity of the factory were subjected to a five-stage sequential extraction process. Levels of heavy metals in each fraction were determined using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (FAAS). The overall mean values obtained for the metals in the fractions gave the range: Al (0.03 ± 0.01 to 0.20 ± 0.01 μg/g ); Cd (0.03 ± 0.01 to 0.23 ± 0.02 μg/g) ; Cu (2.93 ± 0.02 to 18.30 ± 1.95 μg/g) ; Mn (17.33 ± 0.03 to 91.68 ± 2.90 μg/g); Pb (0.03 ± 0.01 to 0.43 ± 0.02 μg/g) and Zn (8.20 ± 0.01 to 35.08 ± 0.02 μg/g) . Both the contamination index and enrichment factor results indicated that all the soil samples were contaminated with Cd while a few sites showed Cu contamination. The mobility potential of the metals in the soil sample decreased in the order: Mn> Al > Zn > Cd > Cu >Pb (West) and Cd > Al >Pb> Zn >Mn> Cu (East). The study revealed that the soil around the metal recycling factory is contaminated with heavy metals, and if left unmonitored and controlled could lead to serious environmental risk in the future.
Health risk assessment of heavy metals in soils within the vicinity of a metal recycling factory in Southwestern Nigeria
(2023-11) Oyekunle, J. A. O.; Oyeku, O. T.; Ogunfowokan, A. O.
Industrial emissions from scrap metal recycling plants have been implicated as a major source of heavy metal (HM) contamination to soil and threatens the wellbeing of humans, and our terrestrial environment. This study evaluated the seasonal variations of surface soil concentration of Al, Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn within the vicinity of a metal recycling factory in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Sixty-six surface soil samples were systematically collected at 0-15 cm depth across three consecutive months during dry and rainy seasons from the factory premises vicinity. Samples determination of heavy metals contamination were conducted using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. Public health risks were evaluated using Geo-accumulation Indices (Igeo), Average daily intake, health quotient (HQ) and health index (HI) standards not exceeding average shale limits and between acceptable range 1×10-4 and 1×10-6. Total concentration (mg/kg) of heavy metals in soil samples ranged from 0.50 Al to 2,219.10 μg/g Cu during wet season, while the range was from 0.59 Al to 3,019.10μg/g Cu in dry season. Results of non-carcinogenic risks of HMs for HQ (0.038) and HI (0.06) values were generally lower than one (<1) indicating no health risk. However, the HI values for children were higher than those of the adults. An exception to this is the high HI value for Cu at 1.23 and 1.11 for children and adult, respectively. The study concluded that the study area soil was heavily polluted with Cu and Cd, and the HI values for children indicated that children could suffer higher potential health risk than adults.
Heavy metal contamination of groundwater resources in a Nigerian urban settlement
(Academic Journals, 2010) Oyeku, O. T.; Eludoyin, A. O.
The aim of the aim of the study was to create awareness on the effect of dumpsite on groundwater in developing countries, especially Nigeria. In order to achieve this, water samples were obtained from 20 randomly selected hand dug wells and boreholes in the area, in February and August, 2006. 10 leachates samples were also obtained from the dumpsite. From these samples, pH and conductivity were determined using a pH/conductivity meter (Jenway model), while the concentrations of the heavy metals (Co, Fe, Pb and Cu) were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The trend of dispersion of each variable was demonstrated on Landsat ETM+ (2006) imagery using Erdas Imagine and ArcView GIS software. The study showed that the groundwater in the study area were generally alkaline (8.3 ±2.77) and contained Cu (0.02 ± 0.04 mg/l), Fe (4.23 ± 6.4 mg/l), Pb (2.4 ± 3.3 mg/l) and Co (1.03 ± 1.1 mg/l) concentrations that are higher than the permissible limits recommended by the World Health Organization (0.5, 0.1, 0.01 and 0.0002 mg/l, respectively; p > 0.05). The study concluded that the groundwater sources within 2 km radius of a major landfill will be vulnerable to the effect of landfill, if they are not adequately protected.
Glycemic Indices Of Pineapple, Banana, Jollof Rice And Wheat Flour Dough
(Nutrition Society of Nigeria, 2018) Okareh, O. T.; Ariyo, O.; Loto-Charles, A. R.
Background: Information on glycemic index of staple foods are required to develop appropriate nutrition
education materials to promote informed food choices.
Objective: This study was designed to determine the glycemic index of four Nigerian staple foods, namely
pineapple, banana, jollof rice and wheat flour dough.
Method: The study was descriptive cross-sectional in design. Ten apparently healthy postgraduate
2 students (4 males and 6 females, 25.8±2.0 years; BMI: 22.68±2.69 kg/m ; fasting blood sugar:
92.1±3.38 mg/dl) randomly consumed 50 g available carbohydrate portions of test foods and glucose
over a five-day period. Blood samples were collected in the fasting state and half-hourly over a 2-h period
post-ingestion of test and reference foods to determine plasma glucose concentrations, incremental area
under the glucose curve, glycemic index and glycemic load.
Results: A 50 g available carbohydrate is equivalent to 176 g of banana, 199 g of jollof rice, 229 g of
wheat dough and 322 g of pineapple. The Incremental Area Under the Curve for jollof rice, wheat dough
and pineapple showed no significant difference when compared with glucose, while of banana was
significant at P<0.05 when compared with glucose. The glycemic index was 94.88%, 97.37%, 98.9% and
99.3% and the corresponding glycemic load was 47.43%, 48.69%, 50.47% and 50.67%, for pineapple,
wheat flour, jollof rice and banana, respectively.
Conclusion: Banana, jollof rice, wheat flour dough and pineapple have high glycemic index values and
post-prandial glucose response is similar for jollof rice, wheat flour and pineapple. Efforts should be
intensified on promoting portion size control for improved glycemic response.
Nutritional composition, microbial load and consumer acceptability of tiger nut (cyperus esculentus), date (phoenix dactylifera l.) And ginger (zingiber officinale roscoe) blended beverage
(Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 2021) Ariyo, O.; Adetutu, O.; Keshinro, O.
Beverage consumption is increasing but rarely used to promote micronutrient intakes in Nigeria.
Diversifying the crops in local beverage production could improve dietary diversification and increase
nutrients intake. This study determined the nutritional composition, microbial load and consumer
acceptability of tiger nut, date and ginger blended beverage. Fresh tiger nuts, date and ginger were processed
to formulate four beverage blends in these ratios 100:0:0; 85:10:5; 70:20:10; and 55:30:15. Samples were
analysed for proximate, vitamins, minerals, anti-nutrients content and microbiological attributes using
standard procedures. Consumer acceptability was determined using a 9-point hedonic scale by 30 untrained
panelists. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test and ANOVA at p ≤ 0.05. Moisture,
protein, fat, fibre, ash, carbohydrate (mg 100 g–1) and metabolizable energy composition (kCal 100 ml–1)
ranged from 80.33-84.78, 0.71-0.8, 2.96-4.94, 0.20-1.63, 0.34-0.44, 9.10-13.63 and 78.2-101.5, respectively.
Thiamin, niacin, ascorbic acid and tocopherol composition (mg 100 g–1) ranged from 0.30-0.68, 0.08-0.17,
4.73-8.40, and 7.20-15.31, respectively. Calcium, potassium, phosphorus, and iron contents (mg 100 g–1)
ranged from 1.07-6.79, 164.8-259.3, 43.86-47.1, and 6.88-9.26, respectively. Saponin ranged from 0.01-0.05
mg 100 g–1. Number of colonies were negligible after refrigeration for 10 days. Sensory properties ranged
from 6.40-6.63, 4.93-6.40, 4.70-7.20, 5.93-6.90, and 5.27-7.17 for appearance, aroma, taste, consistency and
general acceptability, respectively. Date and ginger substitution enhance fibre, ash, carbohydrate, and
calcium composition, the shelf life and sensory properties of tiger nut beverage, the blends are generally
acceptable to consumers and considered safe up to day 10 when refrigerated.