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Welcome to UISpace, The University of Ibadan Institutional Repository. A collection of theses, articles, books, videos, images, lectures, papers, data sets and all types of digital content originating from the University of Ibadan Nigeria. This repository is managed by the Kenneth Dike Library University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
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Measures of nutritional status and quality of life in adult people living with HIV/AIDS at a tertiary hospital in Nigeria.
(Scientific Research Publishing, 2015) Folasire, O. F.; Folasire, A. M.; Sanusi, R. A.
Background & Aims: The study investigated the relationship between objective and subjective nutritional status parameters and quality of life in HIV seropositive patients.
Methods: Retrospective review of clinic records of 150 HIV seropositive patients at a teaching hospital in Nigeria. Nutritional status was evaluated objectively with anthropometry including body mass index (BMI), subjectively with malnutrition universal screening tool (MUST) and subjective global assessment (SGA) tool. Data on quality of life (QOL) assessed with WHOQOL (Bref), and CD4 count were extracted. Correlation analysis and linear regression were done to investigate the relationship be- tween variables, level of significance set at p < 0.05.
Results: Only BMI has weak positive correlation with the psychological domain (r = 0.231, p < 0.05). MUST and SGA have significant negative correlations with most of the quality of life domains. MUST correlated with the following domains: physical; (r = -0.207), psychological; (r = -0.193) and environmental; (r = -0.132). While SGA correlated with the physical domain; (r = -0.2470) and psychological domain; (r = -0.337), p < 0.05 respectively. The CD4 count correlated with percentage body fat (r = 0.224), MUST (r = -0.186) and SGA (r = -0.192), p < 0.05 respectively, but not with any of the QOL domains. Weight, MUST, SGA, percentage body fat were significant predictors of the percentage weight change in 6 months.
Conclusions: BMI has significant positive association with psychological domain of QOL. MUST and SGA have significant negative association with certain domains. QOL did not predict short-term weight changes, as did the current weight, MUST, and SGA.
Prevalence and predictors of prediabetes among administrative staff of a tertiary health centre in southwestern Nigeria
(Association of Resident Doctors (ARD), University College Hospital (UCH), 2017) Martins, S.; Folasire, O. F.; Irabor, A. E.
Introduction: Prediabetes is a condition in which individuals have blood glucose levels higher than normal but not high enough to be classified as diabetes mellitus. Inadequate moderate-intensity physical activity, amidst other risk factors, is a well-documented risk factor for prediabetes. Hospital administrative staff can be particularly vulnerable to prediabetes because of the greater number of hours spent in a sitting or sedentary position during administrative duties. The aim of this study was to find the prevalence of prediabetes and to determine its predictors among administrative staff of a tertiary health centre in southwestern Nigeria.
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out among 300 administrative staff of the University College Hospital, Ibadan over a period of three months. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire that was adapted from the generic WHO-STEPs instrument approach to surveillance of chronic non-communicable diseases risk factors. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17. Descriptive analyses were performed to estimate the prevalence of prediabetes while the independent predictors of prediabetes were investigated using multinomial logistic regression model. The level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results: The mean age of participants was 51.2 ± 5.3 years. There were 164 (54.7%) males and 136 (45.3%) females that participated in the study. The prevalence of prediabetes was 22.3%. Based on the final multivariable multinomial model, the independent predictors of prediabetes included; male sex (OR=1.24; 95% CI=1.082-2.460), positive family history of diabetes mellitus (OR=1.57; 95% CI=1.088-2.611), alcohol intake (OR=1.13; 95% CI=0.688- 1.543) and inadequate moderate-intensity physical activity (OR=1.49; 95% CI= 1.027-2.936).
Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of prediabetes among the administrative staff of University College Hospital, Ibadan. Regular screening of hospital employees for prediabetes is highly recommended. Work-place exercise should be advocated to improve moderate-intensity physical activity among hospital employees.
Calcium knowledge and consumption pattern of calcium-rich foods among female University students in south-west Nigeria
(Science and Education Publishing, 2017) Folasire, O. F.; Akinrinde, E. V.
Calcium plays a vital role in the prevention of Osteoporosis; Peak bone mass is attained in the early years of life before 30 years. The study assessed the calcium knowledge and consumption pattern of calcium-rich foods by female University students. This cross-sectional study involved 400 randomly selected female undergraduate students of the University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Information collected included; socio demography/economy, the source of calcium information and 20-calcium knowledge questions from literature. Consumption pattern of calcium-rich foods was assessed with a modified food frequency questionnaire. Our study showed mean age was 19.8 ± (2.2) years; calcium knowledge score was 10.1(±3.7). Half (51.5%) of the respondents had good knowledge about calcium, while 48.5% had poor knowledge. The majority (47.3%) of the respondents got information on calcium from academic sources, 14.0% from family/friends, about 7.0% from health personnel and 1.0% from the media. Only 18.4% frequently consumed milk/dairy products, about 20% frequently consumed calcium-rich fish and fish products, while 8.9% and 5.8% frequently consumed legumes/nuts and fruits/vegetables that are rich sources of calcium. Receiving calcium information from academic sources was associated with significantly higher calcium knowledge scores (X2 =9.535, p=0.002). Having lower calcium knowledge was significantly associated with infrequent consumption of spinach (X2 =5.227, p=0.022) and okra (X2 =6.337, p=0.012). The respondents that received calcium information from non-academic sources (family/friends, health personnel, media) were 0.6 times less likely to have good calcium knowledge, (OR=0.548, 95% C.I. =0.316 to 0.951, p=0.033). A high percentage of the respondents had poor calcium knowledge, infrequently consumed calcium-rich foods and were not knowledgeable about the role of calcium in the prevention of osteoporosis. Thus, there is a need to intensify calcium education interventions through the non-academic avenues, especially the media.
Comparison of Tree Volume Estimates Obtained by Different Methods for Gmelina Arborea in Omo Forest Reserve, Southwest Nigeria
(Forests and Forest Products Society, 2010) Alo A. A.; Akindele S. O.; Onyekwelu J. C.
Volume estimates obtainedfrom four different methods oftree volume estimation were compared with a view to determining the most precise method. The major difference between the methods lies in the position where the diameter used in the volume estimation was obtained. The methods include the “Bolt method” which requires dividing the entire stem into “bolts ” so that diameter measurements are made at both ends of each bolt. Other methods are the Huber s method which requires diameter measurement at the middle position along the stem, Smalian’s method where diameter measurements are made at the base and top of the stem, and Newton’s method which takes diameter at base, middle and top positions along the stem. Data for the study were collectedfrom six different age series (13, 15, 19, 20, 24, and 25 years old) of Gmelina arborea plantations in Omo forest reserve, Nigeria. The determination of the volume of trees using the “Bolt method” requires tree felling so that the stem of each tree could be sectioned into bolts for detailed measurement. Due to the destructive nature of the procedure, only five trees per age series were selected. Prior to felling, the diameter of each tree at base, middle and top positions along the bole and the merchantable height were measured. Each sample tree was then felled and cross-cut into bolts whose length and diameter were measured for volume computation. The volume of the bolts that made up a bole and the stump volume were added to obtain the merchantable volume for the tree. For each felled tree, Huber, Smalian and Newton’s formulae were also applied to the tree data obtained before felling in order to obtain volume estimates. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test for significant differences in tree volumes obtained by the four methods. The results indicate that there were . significant differences in the volume obtained using the four methods. Bolt s method of tree volume estimation produced the most accurate tree volume in this study since it accommodates all irregularities along the stems of the trees.
Contribution of forestry towards the attainment of the millennium development goals in Nigeria
(Forestry Association of Nigeria, 2011) Alo, A.A.; Akindele, S. O.
The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are eight international development goals that all 193 United Nations member states and at least 23 international organizations have agreed to achieve by the year 2015. The aim of the MDGs is to encourage development^ improving social and economic conditions in the world's poorest countries. Of the eight goals, goals 1 and 7 are of direct relevance to forestry. Goal 1 is to eradicate extreme poverty and hunger. The set targets are to halve the proportion of people living on less that $1 a day; achieve decent employment for women, men and young people; and halve the proportion of people who suffer from hunger. On the other hand, Goal 7 is to ensure environmental sustainability. The first target is to integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programs, and reverse the loss of environmental resources, while the second target is to reduce biodiversity loss. In this paper, the contributions of forestry to the attainment of the goals are highlighted. The paper emphasized the importance of the forestry sector towards achieving the MDGs. Present challenges are also mentioned and recommendations made on how to mitigate them.