UISpace
Welcome to UISpace, The University of Ibadan Institutional Repository. A collection of theses, articles, books, videos, images, lectures, papers, data sets and all types of digital content originating from the University of Ibadan Nigeria. This repository is managed by the Kenneth Dike Library University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
Communities in DSpace
Select a community to browse its collections.
- Please Click to View Repository
- Centre for Educational Media Resources
- College of Medicine
Recent Submissions
Liming and compost amendment of heavy metal contaminated soil reduced pb accumulation in Ocimum Gratissimum L, enhanced secondary metabolism and chlorophyll formation
(Longdom Publishing SL, 2022) Adejumo, S.; Rosilu, G.O.
Soil contamination by heavy metals limits plant metabolic processes and development. Technique that immobilizes metal in the soil and reduced uptake by crop is preferred. Effects of liming and compost amendment on Pb immobilization and secondary metabolism of Osmium gratissimum L. planted on lead-acid battery wastes contaminated soil were studied. Four levels of lime (0 ton/ha, 2 ton/ha, 4 ton/ha and 8 ton/ha) and compost (0 ton/ha, 10 ton/ha, 20 ton/ha and 30 ton/ha) were used while uncontaminated and contaminated soil without amendments served as checks. Data were collected on growth and yield parameters, nutrient uptake, leaf chlorophyll and secondary metabolites (Total phenols, Terpenoids and Flavonoids) contents. Addition of compost (30 t/ha) and in combination with lime (2 t/ha) reduced post-cropping soil Pb concentration and accumulation in plant. Biomass accumulation was reduced in Ocimum gratissimum grown on contaminated soil by 85.23% compared to uncontaminated control. Liming and compost addition however enhanced the growth and yield of Occimum spp on contaminated soil and there was increase in the phenolic and terpenoids production by 78.53% in the plant grown on contaminated soil compared to uncontaminated control. Sole application of lime however inhibited phenolic production except in combination with compost whereas flavonoid production was enhanced by liming. Similarly,there was 56.21% increase in chlorophyll content of Occimum spp grown on contaminated soil amended with 30 t/ha compost in combination with lime at 8 t/ha. Highest rate of compost (30 t/ha) in combination with 2 t/ha lime was more effective in improving the chlorophyll content, growth and yield of Ocimum gratissimum on Pb contaminated soil
Maize response to sole and combined effects of nitrogen and nematode stresses
(Advanced Journal of Graduate Research (AJGR), 2021) Benjamin, J.; Adejumo, S. A.; Claudius-Cole, A.
Crops grown on the field or in phytotrons are faced with different biotic stresses including plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) and abiotic stresses such as drought and poor soil fertility (low nitrogen levels). In this study, the interactive responses of a low-nitrogen tolerant variety LNTP-YC, and a regular variety BR-9928-DMRSR to Pratylenchus geae under four nitrogen-levels: no amendment; [TO], low nitrogen [100kg/ha NPK; T1], optimum nitrogen [200kgN/ha NPK + Urea; T2] and compost [10t/ha; T3] were investigated. The treatments were arranged in a 2 x 4 factorial fitted into randomised complete block design (RCBD) with four replicates. Data were collected on growth parameters (plant height and stem girth), yield components (number and weight of cobs), lesion score (LS), final nematode population (FNP) and reproductive factor (RF). Low nutrient stress in combination with nematode infection generally reduced maize growth and yield. Growth parameters of BR-9928-DMRSR variety were generally high while yield parameters of LNTP-YC variety were significantly greater than in BR-9928-DMRSR variety. However, T2 and T3 improved growth and yield of both maize varieties compared to TO, with T2 being superior to T3. Meanwhile, T3 reduced FNP more than T2. FNP (107.65) and RF (1.3) of P. geae on LNTP-YC variety and with T3 was significantly low compared to T2 (178, 3.34), TO (188, 3.6) and T1 (217, 5.0). In all the parameters considered, LNTP-YC outperformed BR-9928-DMRSR variety. In conclusion, soil amendment with optimum rate of nitrogen and compost reduced nematode population and enhanced maize growth, while low nitrogen in combination with nematode stress reduced maize yield.
Risk of manic switch with antidepressants use in patients with bipolar disorder in a Nigerian neuropsychiatric hospital
(AOSIS (Pty) Ltd, 2018) Fela-Thomas, A.L.; Olotu, O.S; Esan, O.B.
Background: Depressive disorders are common among those with bipolar affective disorder (BAD) and may necessitate the use of antidepressants. This has been suggested to precipitate manic episodes in some patients.
Objectives: This study aims to determine the prevalence of and factors associated with manic switch in patients with BAD being treated with antidepressants.
Methods: Case notes of patients who were treated at a Nigerian neuropsychiatric hospital for a BAD from 2004 to 2015 were reviewed. BAD diagnosis was made using ICD-10 criteria. Treatment for bipolar depression included monotherapy (i.e. antidepressants, antipsychotics or mood stabilisers) or combination therapy (mood stabiliser with an antidepressant or a combination of mood stabilisers, antipsychotics and antidepressants). The primary outcome measure was a switch to mania or hypomania within 12 weeks of commencing an antidepressant.
Results: Manic or hypomanic switch (MS) was observed in 109 (44.3%) of the participants. Female gender, younger age, number of previous episodes and a past history of psychiatric hospitalisation were all significantly associated with a risk of MS. There was no significant difference in the rate of MS in either those treated with adjunct antidepressants therapy with a mood stabiliser or an antipsychotic or those placed on a combination of antidepressants, antipsychotics and mood-stabilising agents.
Conclusion: A large proportion of patients with BAD on antidepressants experience medication-induced manic or hypomanic switch.
Low light intensity and compost modified biochar enhanced maize growth on contaminated soil and minimized Pb induced oxidative stress
(Elsevier, 2021) Adejumo, S. A.; Owoseni, O.; Mur, L.A.J.
Heavy metal uptake by agricultural crops poses great danger to human health. Application of compost and biochar has been used extensively for metal immobilization in soil and to reduce metal uptake by crop plant. Their efficiency is however, limited by other environmental factors like water and light intensity. In this study, the effects of organic amendments (Mexican Sunflower Compost and Rice Husk (RH) biochar) in combination with varying light intensities on growth and Pb uptake by maize crop grown on industrially contaminated soil containing 53,752 mg/kg Pb was investigated. Compost and biochar were applied singly and in combination at 0, 2.5, 5 and 7.5 t ha1 while different layers of net were used to vary light intensity (one layer =60: 386 lx, two layers =53:340 lx, three layers =27 %: 177 lx and zero layer with 100 % light intensity of 634 lx served as control). Soil Pb concentration and stress metabolites (Proline and cysteine) production before and after the experiment were also determined. Results showed that, higher rates of organic amendments and reduced light intensity increased the vegetative growth and yield of maize on contaminated soil compared to 100 % light intensity. Combination of biochar and compost performed better than sole application. It reduced post-cropping soil Pb concentration and Pb uptake by maize, especially under low light intensity. The stress metabolites were more in the leaves of maize crop grown in un-amended soil and under 100 % light intensity. Addition of organic amendment coupled with reduction in light intensity therefore, enhanced maize growth on contaminated soil, reduced Pb uptake and oxidative stress, while, heavy metal accumulation and stress metabolites production were more in maize grown in un-amended soil and exposed to high light intensity.
Human papillomavirus correlates of high grade cervical dysplasia among HIV-Infected women at a major treatment centre in Nigeria: a cross-sectional study
(African Field Epidemiology Network (AFENET), 2019) Yakub, M. M.; Fowotade, A.; Anaedobe, C. G.; Manga, M. M.; Bakare, R. A.; Abimiku, B. A.
Introduction: persistent high-risk HPV (hrHPV) infection is higher among women living with HIV/AIDS thus increasing their risk for cervical cancer. We evaluated the virological and immunological correlates of cervical dysplasia in HIV-infected women. Methods: a cohort of 220 consenting women attending the antiretroviral clinic of the Federal Medical Centre, Keffi, Nigeria was tested for cervical human papilloma virus (HPV) infection using PCR. The prevalent HPV genotypes were determined by DNA sequencing. CD4+T count and type specific HPV was correlated with cervical cytology.
Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis of the data was done using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20 (SPSS Inc, Illinois, USA) for analysis after validation. Results: overall HPV prevalence was 54.1% while the hrHPV prevalence was 35.9%. Premalignant and malignant lesions were observed among participants with CD4+T counts between 200-300/mm3. A statistically significant association was observed between cervical premalignant lesions and CD4+ count (X2=24.747, P value=0.001) as well as hrHPV infections (X2=46.800, P<0.001).
Conclusion: risk stratification with HPV screening among HIV-infected women will help in early case management of cervical precancerous lesions.