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Welcome to UISpace, The University of Ibadan Institutional Repository. A collection of theses, articles, books, videos, images, lectures, papers, data sets and all types of digital content originating from the University of Ibadan Nigeria. This repository is managed by the Kenneth Dike Library University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
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Anthropometry parameters in breast cancer patients at the University College Hospital Ibadan: A case-control study
(College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, 2020) Abdus-salam, A. A.; Ogunnorin, B. O.; Olabumuyi, A. A.; Orekoya, A. A.
Background: Breast cancer is the commonest female malignancy in the word and in Nigeria. This burden of breast cancer requires preventive efforts directed at an at-risk population. Anthropometry has previously been identified as an important breast cancer risk factor, globally. Objective: To investigate the association between anthropometry and breast cancer in the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan. Methods: The anthropometric parameters (weight, height, BMI, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist-hip ratio of 70 breast cancer patients and 71 age and gender matched controls were compared. Results: The cases of breast cancer had statistically significantly lower mean weight, BMI, WC and HC compared to their controls. Low BMI was independently associated with breast cancer on multiple logistic regression with an OR 0.881 (P < 0.001) Conclusion: Due to the advanced stages at which breast cancer patients present to the UCH, Ibadan, the anthropometric indices of the cases were significantly lower than their controls. This further indicates the need for advocacy to encourage patients to present early. In addition, larger cohort or longitudinal studies need to be done in Nigeria to further define the relationship between anthropometry and breast cancer.
ITS ‑based identification and characterization of sweetpotato soft rot disease‑causing Rhizopus species isolated from Oyo state, southwest Nigeria
(Springer, 2021) Dania, V. O.; Alabi, O. V.; Azuh, V. O.
Rhizopus species are important pathogens associated with vegetables, fruits and root crops. They are ubiquitous and have
been implicated in soft rot disease of sweetpotato roots, which accounts for huge economic losses. However, there is paucity
of information on accurate identification of Rhizopus spp. infecting sweetpotato in Nigeria using modern tools. In this study,
characterization and pathogenicity of Rhizopus isolates were investigated. Diseased tuber samples were collected during the
dry season in 2019 from potato fields in Oyo Sate, Nigeria. Isolation, purification of fungal cultures and pathogenicity of
selected, representative isolates were conducted. Morphological identification of Rhizopus isolates was carried out using
sporangia fruiting bodies and hyphal structures, while molecular identification and characterization were accomplished
through amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA. ITS sequences of rDNA 18S, ITS,
and 28S D1/D2 of all Rhizopus species were analyzed and compared with standard database for identification to species level.
All the 20 isolates were morphologically similar and identified as Rhizopus oryzae and R. stolonifer. Molecular analysis,
however, confirmed 16 of the 20 isolates as R. oryzae, two as Aspergillus brasiliensis and the remaining two as Lasiodipodia
pseudotheobromae. Phylogenetic analysis distinguished all the 20 isolates into three major clades and intraspecies variation
among isolates and reference strains was minimal. All Rhizopus isolates were pathogenic on re-inoculation with lesions
identical to field symptoms. This study provides an invaluable information for effective breeding for resistance to soft rot
disease in sweetpotato.
Comparative effect of different growth media on callus Initiation in oil palm (Elaeis guineesis Jacq.) in vitro culture
(Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research, 2021) Ugiagbe, I. M.; Asemota, O.; Aken'Ova, M. E.; Aghahowa, J. O.; Uwaifo, W. A.; Erumwenbibi, I. A.; Dania, V.
The present study focused on the comparative effect of culture media on callus initiation in oil palm ortets as an attempt to increase callus production rate. A factorial experiment (2 x 2 x 3 x 3) in completely randomized design, with two treatments
applied on eighteen explants each and replicated five times was conducted. Immature leaves harvested froip eight-year old dura, tenera and pisifera oil palm types were cpltured in each of three media; Murashige and Skoog (1962) (MS), modified MS and Eeuween's (1976). Callus initiation occurred in all oil palm types irrespective of media used. Callus initiation rate when averaged over light regimes 11 varied significantly among basal media and was best in Eeuween's (12.7 %) followed by:inf#,ified MS (10.3 %) and MS (5.4 %). The study showed that callus ininati01ilfates in light and darkness were highest in Eeuween's medium supplemented with either the determined optimal concentration of NAA or 2,4-D and were least in MS medium. Therefore, the use of Eeuween's medium for in vitro propagation will promote 1tissue culture technology of the oil1 palm; result in higher callus
production rate and eventually in cheaper plantlet production cost.
Knowledge, attitude and practice of breast self-examination among female medical students of the University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
(College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, 2019) Abdus-Salam, A. A; Folorunso, S.; Oyibo, S.
Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths among women. Early detection using clinical breast examination (CBE), mammography, and breast self-examination (BSE) is important in improving treatment outcome and prognosis of persons with breast cancer. Objectives: This study investigates the knowledge, attitude and practice of BSE among female medical students at University of Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria. Materials and methods: A hundred and twenty (120) medical students were selected by stratified random sampling methods and their knowledge, attitude and practice of BSE were assessed by self-administered questionnaires. Results: The mean age of the participants was 20.53 ± 2.18 years. Few students (5.8%) reported a positive family history of Breast cancer. About two thirds, (69.2%) of students had good knowledge of BSE and this was higher among clinical students (p>.005). Almost three quarters, (74.2%) of students practice BSE and good practice was highest in the 300 level class (95%). There were significant associations between age, academic level and knowledge of BSE with the practice of breast self- examination. Conclusion: The study showed that good knowledge and attitude towards BSE corresponded with a good practice of BSE. This might be explained by the health care information they might have received in the course of their studies. One can therefore safely propose that giving relevant health care information to other students may improve the practice of BSE and help increase early detection of breast cancer.
Efficacy of Moringa oleifera extract, Trichoderma asperellum, A synthetic fungicide and cattle dung amendment in the integrated management of Rice blast disease
(Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, 2020) Dania, V. O.; Kayode, M. D.
This study evaluated the effect of integrated disease management on the incidence and severity of blast disease, and growth performance of rice. Moringa oleifera extract, Trichoderma asperellum, cattle dung and a synthetic fungicide were evaluated in sixteen treatment combinations using a susceptible IRAT 109 rice cultivar. The pot experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the rooftop screenhouse of the Department of Crop Protection and Environmental Biology, University of Ibadan between May and October, 2019. Treatment with combination of M. oleifera extract, cattle dung and blastforce had the lowest disease incidence and mean severity of 16.8 and 7.5%, respectively which was significantly (p<0.05) lower than the standard positive check. Inoculated plants that were treated with a combination of T. asperellum, M. oleifera and cattle dung produced the highest yield of 7.6 tons/ha relative to control. This study showed that the combined application of naturally occurring biopesticides and cattle dung was more effective than single treatment in the management of rice blast disease.