UISpace
Welcome to UISpace, The University of Ibadan Institutional Repository. A collection of theses, articles, books, videos, images, lectures, papers, data sets and all types of digital content originating from the University of Ibadan Nigeria. This repository is managed by the Kenneth Dike Library University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
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Development of Information System for Wood-Based Industries in Ekiti State, Nigeria.
(Integrated Publishing Association and Academic Science Publications and Distributions, 2017) Alo, A. A.
Development of information system in forestry sector is crucial in order to manage resources in a sustainable manner. Spatial distribution of forest and wood-based industries is important for sustainability. However, geographic location and other information about the wood-based industries in Ekiti state, which can provide baseline information for investors in wood industry, are dearth. To proffer solution to this, information system was developed for wood-based industries in the State using geographic information system. This was done by taking the coordinates and photographs of all wood-based industries in the State. Types of equipment used for different wood conversion were assessed with the aim of determining their strength and capacity. The photographs and coordinates were loaded into ArcView GIS for analysis. The wood-based industries were represented on the State map using their coordinates while respective pictures were hotlinked appropriately. Various local governments in the State were represented with polygons of different sizes and wood industries were represented with points. The results obtained from the analysis were used to produce database in MS SQL server. The database created by Microsoft SQL server formed the data access (back end) of the software developed using C# Programming Language. Appropriate codes were written at the business logic layer for both the back and the front ends. The software was developed in an Interactive Development Environment (IDE) using visual studio. It was observed that most of the wood-based industries were concentrated at the southern part of the State where there were more forest reserves. Gbonyin Local Government has the highest number of wood industry (46) while Efon Local Government has none at all. Over 95% of the existing wood industry was functioning with 91% of them using CD6 machine. The software developed is user-friendly, facilitates efficient data storage and prompt information retrieval, adequate and has provision for regular updates.
A community-based intervention for improving utilization of medical services by rape survivors in refugee camps in Zambia
(2019) Oladeji, O.; Owoaje, E.; Oladeji, B.; Fatiregun, A.
Background: Rape is the most common form of violence in conflict and refugee situations but because of the associated stigma few cases are reported. This study assessed the outcome of an intervention targeted at women groups on the utilization of medical services by rape survivors in refugee camps in Zambia. Methods: A prospective quasi-experimental community-based intervention study was carried out in two refugee camps allocated into intervention and comparison areas. The intervention was participatory education sessions for women groups. Data was collected using the clinic records and the main outcome was the number of rape survivors who utilized and completed medical services provided at the camp clinics. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses were carried out with level of significance set at 5%. Results: The proportion of the rape survivors who accessed medical care within 72 hours increased significantly from 41.2% to 84.8% in the intervention area but from 31.1% to 38.9% in the comparison area, (p=0.005). Those who completed their medical treatment and the follow-up visits increased significantly from 42.8% to 94.8% in intervention area but reduced from 38.5% to 21.4% in the comparison area, (p=0.002). Being resident in the intervention area predicted the utilization of medical services, [OR: 3.15; 95%CI: 1.955-5.681], p=0.002. Conclusion: Community-based intervention using participatory women’s group discussion had a significant impact on increasing the utilization of medical services by rape survivors and should be considered for scaling up as a key intervention for increasing utilization of medical services for rape survivors especially in refugee situations.
"Spatial Distribution of Forest Reserves and Sawmills in Oyo State, Nigeria"
(Forest and Forest Products Society, 2017) Alo, A. A.
Geographic Information System (GIS) is a veritable tool for spatial analysis in forestry. The proximity to forest reserves has been considered one of the major factors affecting the spatial distribution of wood-based industries. However, information on number of sawmills and spatial distribution of both the forest reserves and sawmill in Oyo Sate is lacking. Hence, this study employed GIS to develop spatial distribution map of forest reserves and sawmills in Oyo State, Nigeria. The secondary data used in this study included sketch maps and high-resolution satellite imagery of all the forest reserves in Oyo State as well as the shapefile of the State. The primary data included the coordinates of locations of all the sawmills’ location in all the four forestry zones (Ibadan, Oyo, Shaki and Ogbomosho) in the state and coordinates of some bench-mark places within each forest reserve that could easily be identified on ground. Interview guide was used to obtain information on factors responsible for the location of each sawmill. The sketch maps were georeferenced using the coordinates of the bench-mark places and the area covered by forest reserves were digitized. This was superimposed on the satellite imageries and also vectorized. The coordinates of sawmill locations were used to develop spatial distribution map for the sawmills. The shapefile of forest reserves and the point coordinates of the sawmills were superimposed on the shapefile of Oyo State in layers to produce a spatial distribution prediction surface for both the forest reserves and the sawmills in the study area. The mean distance from each sawmill to the forest was determined. This procedure was used to obtain Average Transport Distance (ATD) for local government and finally for forestry zones. It was observed that forest reserves in Oyo State covered a total of 342,461 ha of land which accounted for 12.92% of the total land area of the state. Opara forest reserve recorded the highest area of land (248,640 ha), accounting for about 72.60% of the total land area of forest reserves in the state while the least was Olokemeji forest reserve (75.11 ha), accounting for about 0.02%. About 135 sawmills were recorded in all the forestry zones in Oyo State. Sawmills in Oyo forestry zone is significantly higher than Ibadan zone. ATD was highest in Ibadan forestry zones (12.55 km) with corresponding lowest percentage (3.70 %) of sawmills. Oyo Forestry Zone accounted for about 56.30 % of the total number of sawmills in the state with the least ATD of 4.02 km. Availability of electricity and nearness to source of raw material favoured sawmills location in Oyo and Shaki forestry zones. Spatial distribution of sawmills was more influenced by constant supply of electricity and nearness to free forest areas than the presence of forest reserves.
High versus low intensity interventions for perinatal depression delivered by non-specialist primary maternal care providers in Nigeria: a cluster randomized controlled trial: (the EXPONATE trial)
(2019) Gureje, O.; Oladeji, B. D.; Montgomery, A. A.; Araya, R.; Bello, T.; Chisholm, D.; Groleau, D.; Kirmayer, L. J.; Kola, L.; Olley, L.; Tan, W.; Zelkowitz, P.
Contextually appropriate interventions delivered by primary maternal care providers (PMCPs) might be effective in reducing the treatment gap for perinatal depression. Aim To compare high-intensity treatment (HIT) with low-intensity treatment (LIT) for perinatal depression. Method Cluster randomised clinical trial, conducted in Ibadan, Nigeria between 18 June 2013 and 11 December 2015 in 29 maternal care clinics allocated by computed-generated random sequence (15 HIT; 14 LIT). Interventions were delivered individually to antenatal women with DSM-IV (1994) major depression by trained PMCPs. LIT consisted of the basic psychosocial treatment specifications in the World Health Organization Mental Health Gap Action Programme – Intervention Guide. HIT comprised LIT plus eight weekly problem-solving therapy sessions with possible additional sessions determined by scores on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). The primary outcome was remission of depression at 6 months postpartum (EPDS < 6). Results There were 686 participants; 452 and 234 in HIT and LIT arms, respectively, with both groups similar at baseline. Follow-up assessments, completed on 85%, showed remission rates of 0% with HIT and 66% with LIT: risk difference 4% (95% CI −4.1%, 12.0%), adjusted odds ratio 1.12 (95% CI 0.73, 1.72). HIT was more effective for severe depression (odds ratio 2.29; 95% CI 1.01, 5.20; P = 0.047) and resulted in a higher rate of exclusive breastfeeding. Infant outcomes, cost-effectiveness and adverse events were similar. Conclusions Except among severely depressed perinatal women, we found no strong evidence to recommend high-intensity in preference to low-intensity psychological intervention in routine primary maternal care.
Comparison of Four Distribution Functions for Fitting Diameter in Second Rotation Tectona grandis Linn. f. Plantations in Eda Forest Reserve, Nigeria
(Forest and Forest Products Society, 2017) Alo, A.A.; Chukwu, O.; Ogunleye, B. C.
Tree diameter is a very important variable in forestry; its accurate description is vital to planning if the forest is to be managed in a sustainable manner. Probability density functions are widely used for characterizing tree diameter. However, there is limited information on the diameter distribution for most of plantation in the country especially in the study area. Therefore, this research assesses the performance and suitability of beta, 3-parameter gamma, 3-parameter lognormal and 3-parameter Weibull distribution functions for fitting diameter at breast height (Dbh) of the second rotation of Tectona grandis Linn.F plantation in Eda Forest Reserve, Nigeria. Sixteen (16) temporary sample plots, (each 20 m x 20 m) were randomly selected across four second rotation age series (7, 8, 10 and 11years), whose originalages were 24, 31, 32 and 37 respectively. The distribution functions were fitted using maximum likelihood estimators. The performance of each function was tested using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) statistic, Anderson Darling test, Chi-square, mean absolute error (MAE) and mean square error (MSE). The test results revealedthat 3-Parameter Weibull distribution was the most suitable for characterising Dbh. Weibull distribution had the least Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistic (0.0453), Anderson Darling test (1.231), Chi-square (24.9700), mean absolute error (0.0964) and mean square error (2.1688). Therefore, 3-parameter Weibull distribution is the best and recommended for fitting Dbh of second rotation T. grandis species in the study area for sustainable teak timber management.