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Welcome to UISpace, The University of Ibadan Institutional Repository. A collection of theses, articles, books, videos, images, lectures, papers, data sets and all types of digital content originating from the University of Ibadan Nigeria. This repository is managed by the Kenneth Dike Library University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
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What’s in your hands? A systematic review of dietary assessment methods and estimation of food sizes in a Primary Care Clinic
(Wolters Kluwer - Medknow, 2018) Ogunbode, A. M.; Owolabi, M. O.; Ogunbode, O. O.; Ogunniyi, A.
Introduction: Many patients with non-communicable diseases such as obesity are attended to in Family Practice Clinics where quick dietary assessment along with estimation of food sizes as part of lifestyle modification and appropriate intervention could be offered. We performed a systematic review to determine the dietary assessment methods with the best evidence that can be employed in a Family
Practice Clinic. Methods: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were used to conduct a systematic review of PubMed, Google, and Google Scholar databases from 1992 to 2017. Results: We found 730 original research articles, case–control studies, review articles, proceedings, transactions, and textbooks. Thirty-seven articles were selected out of which two were secondary data, 12 were review articles, 10 were descriptive surveys, and one was a prospective cohort study. There were two randomized controlled trials, two mixed study designs, one working paper, and seven guides. Food portion size estimation using household objects and the hand guide, then the food pyramid guide along with the food-sized plate intervention was documented. Conclusion: In view of the busy nature of Family Practice Clinics in several countries, in performing dietary assessment, food portions can be estimated using household measures and the hand portion guide. The pyramid guide and the portion-sized plate can then be used for intervention.
Haematological and fibrinolytic status of Nigerian women with post-partum haemorrhage
(BioMed Central(BMC), 2018) Roberts, I.; Shakur, H.; Fawole, B.; Kuti, M.; Olayemi, O.; Bello, A.; Ogunbode, O.; Kotila, T..; Aimakhu, C. O.; Olutogun, T.; Hunt, B. J.; Huque, S
Background: Early treatment with tranexamic acid reduces deaths due to bleeding after post-partum haemorrhage.
We report the prevalence of haematological, coagulation and fibrinolytic abnormalities in Nigerian women with postpartum haemorrhage.
Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of the WOMAN trial to assess laboratory data and rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) parameters in 167 women with postpartum haemorrhage treated at University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. We defined hyper-fibrinolysis as EXTEM maximum lysis (ML) > 15% on ROTEM.
We defined coagulopathy as EXTEM clot amplitude at 5 min (A5) < 40 mm or prothrombin ratio > 1.5.
Results: Among the study cohort, 53 (40%) women had severe anaemia (haemoglobin< 70 g/L) and 17 (13%) women had severe thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 50 × 109/L). Thirty-five women (23%) had ROTEM evidence of hyper-fibrinolysis. Based on prothrombin ratio criteria, 16 (12%) had coagulopathy. Based on EXTEM
A5 criteria, 49 (34%) had coagulopathy.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that, based on a convenience sample of women from a large teaching hospital in Nigeria, hyper-fibrinolysis may commonly occur in postpartum haemorrhage. Further mechanistic studies are needed to examine hyper-fibrinolysis associated with postpartum haemorrhage. Findings from such studies may optimize treatment approaches for postpartum haemorrhage.
Hearing loss following spinal anaesthesia among obstetric patients at the University College Hospital Ibadan
(African Journals Online (AJOL), 2017) Adebayo, M. R.; Eyelade, O. R.; Sanusi, A. A.; Ogunbode, O. O.; Lasisi, A. O.; Arowojolu, A. O.
Background: Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a rarely reported complication of subarachnoid block and may go unnoticed unless audiometric test is performed.
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss following spinal anaesthesia in obstetric patients.
Patients and Methods: Seventy patients of ASA physical status classes I and II scheduled for elective Caesarean section were randomized into two groups (A & B). Lumbar puncture was performed using 25 gaugepencil point spinal needle type in group A and 25 gauge Quincke cutting tip type in group B. Spinal anaesthesia was achieved in both groups with 12.5mg (2.5ml) of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine subarachnoid injection in the sitting position. Each patient had a preoperative pure tone audiometry (PTA) test done before spinal anaesthesia as a baseline; this was repeated on the first and third days after the surgery for each patient.
Results: Twelve (34.3%) patients in group A and 24 (68.6%) in group B had more than one attempt at lumbar puncture; and 5[1 (2.9%) from group A and 4 from group B (11.4%)] developed Post Dural Puncture Headache(PDPH), p= 0.36.
Of the 4 patients in group B who developed PDPH, 2 had associated transient sensorineural hearing loss.
Conclusion: This study shows that spinal anaesthesia may lead to transient hearing loss among few obstetric patients without long term sequelae. Use of Quincke spinal needle type was more likely to cause PDPH and transient hearing loss.
Acceptability of artificial insemination by donor among infertile women attending the Gynaecological Clinic of the University College Hospital, Ibadan
(Wolters Kluwer - Medknow, 2017) Obajimi, G. O.; Ogunbode, O. O.; Adetayo, C. O.; Ilesanmi, A. O.
Background: Artificial insemination by donor (AID) is specifically indicated in cases of incurable male infertility. Acceptability depends on perceptions largely influenced by religious and sociocultural perspectives. Male factor accounts for 20-50% of the causes of infertility and shows geographic variation in Nigeria.
Method: A descriptive cross-sectional survey of all infertile women attending the gynecology clinic of the University College
Hospital, Ibadan, between January and June 2014. 181 self-administered questionnaires were distributed to all consenting infertile women, however only 163 were suitable for analysis. Data analysis was descriptive and inferential at 95% confidence interval and a P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Result: The mean duration of infertility was 5.7 ± 4.33 years. Fifty seven (35.0%) respondents were willing to accept artificial insemination by donor, while ninety three (57.1%) were unwilling to accept artificial insemination. Socio-cultural factor (48.1%) was the major reason for non-acceptability of artificial insemination by donor. Acceptability of AID was influenced by adequate knowledge about the procedure (P < 0.01). Sixty percent of the respondents had good knowledge and over half of them obtained the information from the news/print media. In this Study, acceptability of AID was not influenced by the age of the respondents, family structure, duration or type of infertility or educational status. (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: This study revealed a low acceptance rate for Artificial insemination by donor. Providing information on AID as a treatment option during counseling and routine infertility management may be the needed drive to improve awareness and promote uptake when necessary.
Ethical dilemmas in assisted reproduction; Perspectives from a developing country
(College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, 2017) Obajimi, G. O.; Ogunbode, O. O.; Ilesanmi, A. O.
Background: Ethical dilemmas continue to unfold as a result of the expanding roles of assisted reproduction. Understanding the basic ethical principles of Autonomy, Justice, Beneficence and Non-maleficence as key components of practice when providing advanced fertility management cannot be over emphasized.
Ethics simply refers to the moral principles that govern a person or groups behavior. It is also defined as a code of moral principles derived from a system of values and beliefs that help define the correctness of our actions.
Critical opinions have been expressed in the area of commodification of human tissue. There are also growing concerns about cross border reproductive care and its implication on reproductive health. Since ethical dilemmas may not be resolved at once, continuous appraisal of the current situation with the aim of developing locally relevant ethical frameworks is desirable. Examining these ethical concerns which confront our daily practices is not only pertinent but expedient as there has been a gradual expansion of assisted conception services in Nigeria.