JOURNAL DF AG RI C U LTU RE, 
FDRESTRY AND THE 
SOCIAL SCIENCES
V O L  1 2 ,  N O .  1 , 2 0  1 4
Fostering Progressive Partnerships for Sustainable Agricolture
abstrated in African Journals Online
ISSN 1597-0906
UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN LIBRARY
JO U R N AL O F AG RICO LTURE, FORESTRY and thè SOCIAL SCIENCE (JOAFSS)
Voi., 12, N o .l , 2014
Table o f Contents Page
1) A REVIEW OF THE IMPORTANCE OF SAVINGS IN RURAL FINANCIAL MARKETS OF 
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Maiangwa, M.G............................, ..........................................................................................................................................................1
httn://dx/doi.org/l 0.4314/ioafss.vl2i1.1
2) ACCESS TO THE INTERNET FOR KNOWLEDGE DISSEMINATION: AGRICULTURAL 
RESEARCHERS’ EXPERIENCE IN SÓUTH-WESTERN NIGERIA.
Adetunji, T.A and Odebode, S.O.......................... ................................................................................................................................17
http://dx/doi.org/l 0,4314/ioafss.vl 2i 1.2
3) MANAGERIAL EFFICIENCY AMONG YAM FARMERS IN ONDO STATE, NIGERIA..................................................... 27
Akinsulu, A. A. (1)., Alawode, 0 . 0  and Odusina, O. A
http://dx/doi.org/l 0.4314/ioafss.vl 2il .3
4) SLIPPING INTO AND OUT OF WELFARE: THE CASE OF COCOA FARMING HOUSEHOLDS IN NIGERIA
Laxval, J.O., Omonona, B.T.,Oyekale, A.S., Salman, K.K. and Oluwatayo, I.B............................................................................37
httn://dx/doi.org/10.4314/ioafss.vl2il.4
5) APPLICATION OF GRAFTED POLYNOMIAL FUNCTION IN FORECASTING COTTON PRODUCTION TREND 
: A STEP TOWARDS A SUSTAINABLE COTTON INDUSTRY IN NIGERIA
Odedokun, V. O..................................................................................................................................................................................,...47
h ttn://dx/doi.org/l 0.4314/ioafss.vl 2il .5
6) ARABLE CROP FARMERS’ PERCEPTION OF AGROMETEOROLOGICAL SERVICES IN IDO LOCAL
GOVERNMENT AREA OF OYO STATE, NIGERIA................................................................................................................. ,,,...54
Exvebiyi, I.O.
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7) NUTRITIONAL-RELATED DISEASES AND MANAGEMENT: NEWSPAPER EDUCATION AND
DISSEM1NATION...................... I................................................................... .................................................................................... ,,,.64
Fabiyi, E.F., S.IJ. lsitor, S.U., and Àkande, K.E
httn://dx/doi.org/l 0.4314/ioafss.vl 2il .7 1
8) LIMING OF ACID TROPICAL SOILS: PRACTICE, PROSPECTS AND CONSTRAINTS.
Ukem,B and Tarfa,B................................................................................................................................................................................77
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9) EFFECTS OF SLOPE POSITION AND FERTILIZATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF 
UPLAND RICE PLANTED ON INLAND VALLEY SOILS AT MINNA AND BIDA,
NIGERIA.................................................................................................................................................................................................88
Afolabi, S. G., Salihu, M. Y. and Ezenwa, M. I. S. 
http://dx/doi.org/10.4314/ioafss.vl 2il ,9
10) EFFECTS OF POULTRY DROPPINGS AND HOUSE HOLD WASTE ON THE YIELD AND 
NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF TOMATO FRUITS (Solarium lycopersicum )
Saidu, A. Bello, L. Y and Alhassan 1................................................................................................................................................ 100
http://dx/doi.org/10.4314/ioafss.vl2il.l0
11) PERFORMANCE OF WEANER-CALVES OF N’DAMA CATTLE FED VARYING 
LEVELS OF OIL PALM SLURRY AS ENERGY SOURCE
Adewumi, M.K and Aderiye, J .A ................................. ........................................ 1........................................................................107
http://dx/doi.org/l 0.4314/ioafss.vl 2 il.l 1
12) THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND NUTRIENT DIGESTIBILITY OF WILD INDIGENOUS 
GUINEA FOWL KEETS (Numida meleagris goleata) FED VARYING LEVELS OF ROASTED 
Senna occidentalis SEEDS UNDER INTENSIVE SYSTEM.
Yahaya, S.K., Ayanwale, B.A., A.Aremu and A.T.Ijaiya.............................................................................................................. 114
UNIVERSITY OF IBAD
N LIBRARY
13) QUALITY AND ACCEPTABILITY OF VELVET BEAN (Mucuna pruriens) FOLIAGE ENSILED 
WITH WHOLE PLANT MA1ZE BY WEST AFRICA DWARF RAMS
Alabi, B. O., Ososanya, T. O., and Olorunnisomo, O. A ................................................................................. 126
http://dx/doi.org/l 0.4314/ioafss.vl2il. 13
14) GROWTH PERFORMANCE, CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS AND MEAT QUALITY OF WEST 
AFRICAN DWARF RAMSTED DIETS SUPPLEMENTED WITH WATER-WASHED NEEM FRUIT 
AND/OR YEAST.
Adewumi, M. K., Jack, A. A. and Omojola, A. B......................................................................................................................... 134
httn://dx/doi.org/l 0.4314/ioafss.vl 2il .14
15) UTILIZATION OF NOODLE WASTE AS REPLACEMENT FOR MAIZE INTHE DIETS OF GROWING SNAILS
Omole, A. J., Soetan, K.O., Ononogbu, C, Ajasin, F.O., Olorungbohunmi, T.O., .Fayenuwo, J.A..................................... 146
httn://dx/doi.org/10.4314/ioafss.vl 2i1.15
16) RESPONSE OF GROWING SNAILS (Archachatina marginata) TO DIETS 
CONTAINING QUALITY PROTEIN MAIZE
Fayenuwo, J. O., Omole, A. J., Popoola, Y. A., Oladele-Bukola, M O Boiaduro, B .A., Onuoha, C H ...............................152
httn://dx/doi.org/l 0.4314/ioafss.vl 2il .16
17) EVALUATION OF ENZYME SUPPLEMENTATION OF PALM KERNEL MEAL-BASED DIETS ON THE 
PERFORMANCE OF BROILERS
Makanjuola, B. A., Olorungbohunmi, O. T.,Obi, O. O. and M. O.Oladele-Bukola................................................................ 158
httn://dx/doi.org/10.4314/ioafss.v12i1.17
18) ETHNOBOTANICAL SURVEY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS FOR THE TREATEMENT OF MALARIA IN 
AKINYELE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, IBADAN, NIGERIA.
Awosan E. A., Odewo S.A., Bolanle -  Ojo O.T., and Ajekicgbe J.M..........................................................................................166
httn://dx/doi.org/10.4314/ioafss.vl 2i1.18
19) SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF THE NIGERIAN FORESTS FOR POVERTY ALLEVIATION
Okunlola, O. A. and Akinyele, A .0 ...................................................................................................................................................176
httn://dx/doi.org/l 0.4314/ioafss.vl 2 il .19
20) INDIGENOUS FOREST CONSERVATION PRACTICES IN BENUE STATE, NIGERIA.
Tee F. C., Agbidye, F. S. and Ogwuche, J. A........... ....................................................................................................................... 182
httn://dx/doi.org/l 0.4314/ioafss.vl 2il .20
21) GENDER ANALYSIS OF NON-TIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS UTILIZATION BY NEIGHBORHOOD 
COMMUNITIES OF CROSS-RIVER NATIONAL PARK
Tee, T.Norbert., Edet, D.I.,Osang Horis............................................................................................................................................195
h ttn://dx/doi.org/l 0.4314/ioafss.vl 2 il .21
22) URBAN UPGRADING: THE SELF HELP APPROACH
Oladele, A ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 209
httn://dx/doi.org/10.4314/ioafss.v12il.22
23) CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND MICROBIAL LOAD OF CHEESE PRODUCED USING GINGER,
ONION AND BEAR BERRY
Ogunleke, F. O. and Akinsoyinu, A. 0 .............................................................................................................................................215
httn://dx/doi.org/10.4314/ioafss.vl2il.23
24) EFFECT OF FEED ON THE GROWTH RATE OF AFRICAN GIANT LAND SNAIL,
Archachatina marginata SWAINSON
Ebu, V. T., NANDI, J. A.,Bukic, J. O. and Mgbang, E. U............................................................................................................ 227
li ttn://dx/doi.org/l 0.4314/ioafss.vl 2 i 1,24
25) MORTALITY IN SHEEP AND GOATS AND REARERS’ PATRONAGE OF VETERINARY CLINICS IN OGUN STATE
Aluko F. A and Taiwo B. B. A ............................................................................................................................................................ 239
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UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN LIBRARY
httD://dx/doi.org/10.4314/ioafss.vl2il.25
26) PRELIMINARY OBSERVATION OF GENITAL SECRETIONS, GROWTH RATE AND 
BEHAVIOUR OF CAGED CANE RATS
Aluko, F. A., Ngere, L. O. and Eniolorunda, O. O.......................................................................... ............................................... 245
httD://dx/doi:org/10.4314/ioafss.vl2ii.26
27) PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS OF CATFISH PRODUCTION IN RADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
Ekunwe P. A. and Egware R. A....................................................................................... ................................................................ 252
http://dx/doi.org/10.4314/ioafss.vl2il.27
28) DIETARY INFLUENCE OF Daniellia Oliverì LEAF MEAL (DOLM) ON THE GROWTH AND 
DIGESTIBILITY OF INTENSIVELY MANAGED SAVANNAH BRÓWN GOATS.
Suleiman, A. O., Alemede, I.C., Arcmu, A., Olafadehan, O.A and Muftau, M.A....................................................................262
http://dx/doi.org/10.4314/ioafss.vl2il.28
29) FARMERS' PERCEPTION OF THE EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON YAM PRODUCTION 
IN KAJOLA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF OYO STATE, NIGERIA
Adedeji, T.O., Ewebiyi, I.O. and Olawumi, A.T.............................................................................................................................269
http://dx/doi.org/10.43I4/ioafss.vl2il.29
Guidelines for authors .275
UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN LIBRARY
Journal of Agricolture, Forestry and thè Social Sciences (JOAFSS), Voi. 12, No.l, 2014
QUALITY AND ACCEPTABILITY OF VELVET BEAN {Mucuna pruriens) FOLIAGE 
ENSILED WITH WHOLE PLANT MAIZE BY WEST AFRICA DWARF RAMS
BY
'Alabi, B. O., 2Ososanya, T. O., and 2OIorunnisomo, O. A.
'Department of Animai Science, Osun State University, Ejigbo Campus, Nigeria 
Department of Animai Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria 
Email for correspondence:banwoaare45@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This experiment was conducted to determine thè suitability of Velvet Bean Foliage (VBF) and Whole Plant Maize 
(WPM) silage as dry season feed for ruminants in Southwest o f Nigeria. In this study, WPM was ensiled with five 
levels o f VBF (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%). Physical characteristics, temperature, pH and proximate composition of thè 
silages were assessed after 21 days of ensiling. Preference for thè silage by ruminants was determined using twelve 
West African dwarf (WAD) rams. Results revealed that pH, temperature and physical characteristics of all silages 
were within acceptable range except for VBF -100 which did not make good silage. The appearance, smeli and 
texture of all thè silage mixtures compromised increasing level of VBF while thè pH increased. The pH of thè silage 
varied from 3.92-7.98. Dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and crude fibre (CF) concentration in thè silages ranged 
from 20.67 -  26.65, 8.02 -  15.77, 26.42 - 1926g/100g, respectively. The DM and CF o f thè silages reduced with 
increasing level o f VBF in thè mixture while thè CP increased.
Coefficient o f preference (CoP) for thè silage varied from 0.79 to 1.13 while percentage preference varied from 
15.58 - 22.50%. The coefficient of preference (CoP) was above unity for VBF (0, 25, 50 and 75) but less than unity 
for VBF- 100, showing that rams preferred silage with whole plant maize to sole VBF.
This result suggests that quality of Whole plant maize silage improved when velvet bean foliage was added; 
however, acceptability by WAD rams was compromised.
Keywords: Velvet bean foliage, whole plant maize, silage, quality, acceptability, rams.
INTRODUCTION
One of thè problems of ruminant production in thè tropics is thè scarcity of energy and 
protein feedstuffs during thè dry season. Dry season is always associated with scarcity of forages 
(Bamikole and Babayemi, 2004) resulting in staggered growth pattern, weight loss and high 
mortality, coupled with reduced milk yield and high reproductive failure (Babayemi, 2009). This 
situation causes thè nomads to travel long distances in search of pasture for their livestock and in 
thè process, losing some of these animals to snake bite and exposures to harsh weather (Iyayi et 
al., 2003). Forages, crop residues and by -  products are usually consumed fresh by domestic 
animals in thè rainy season but deteriorate rapidly, especiaily in thè dry season. Hence thè need 
for conservation in form of silage, which is less weather-dependent like hay. These forages are 
abundant in supply and high in nutritive value during thè rainy season. Physical quality of a feed 
can be assessed by free choice intalce and acceptability studies. Acceptability and nutritional 
ability of forage or feedstuff can be measured directly from coefficient of preference (COP) 
using free choice technique (Bamikole et al., 2004; Babayemi et al., 2006 and Olorunnisomo, 
2011). Ensiling is an efficient method of forage preservation and serves as a means of salvaging 
under utilized pasture for better acceptability and degradability. Velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens) 
is a tropical legume belonging to thè family Fabaceae ofthe sub- division Palpilionoideae. Many 
experiments have been carried out on Mucuna seeds as feed for poultry and other monogastrics 
(Iyayi and Egharevba, 1998., Onwuka, 1997., Emenalom and Udedibe, 1998). This study was
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Journal of Agriculture, Forestry and thè Social Sciences (JOAFSS), Voi. 12, No i, 2014
designed to investigate thè quality and acceptability of velvet bean foliage ensiled with whole 
plant maize by West African dwarf rams.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Silage making:
Velvet bean foliage was harvested manually at thè onset of flowering while whole plant 
maize was harvested at milking stage of growth. The harvested fodder crops were chopped 
mechanically and wilted for 24hours in order to reduce thè moisture content. The fodder crops 
were chopped into 2-3cm length for ease of compaction and consolidation for silage. Filling and 
compaction was done simultaneously to eliminate air. The silage was prepared in polythene bags 
in triplicates. The polythene bags were sealed and compressed with weights in small 41itre mini 
silos for laboratory analysis, while another set of silages were compressed with piles of heavy 
sand bags in 2001itre container for acceptability studies. Fermentation was done for 21days. The 
treatments were: VFB - 0, VFB -  25, VFB -  50, VFB -  75 and VFB -  100.
Determination of silage quality:
Fermentation was terminated after 21 days of ensiling and thè silage was opened to 
determine thè silage quality. Parameters studied under quality evaluation were: colour, aroma, 
texture, pH and temperature as described by Olorunnisomo (2011) and Babayemi and Igbekoyi 
(2008). Immediately thè silage was opened, a thermometer was inserted to determine thè 
temperature. The pH of thè silage was determined as described by Falola et al, (2013). Colour 
assessment was determined by visual observation, with thè use of colour charts. The aroma of 
thè silage was assessed with respect to pleasant, fruity or pungent. From different points and 
depths of thè silage Sub-samples were taken and mixed together for dry matter determination by 
oven drying at 65 °C  until a Constant weight was achieved. The samples were later milled and 
stored in an air -  tight container until they were ready for Chemical analysis stored.
Chemical analysis:
Crude protein, crude fibre, ether extract and ash content of thè silages were carried out in 
each of thè three replicates of each treatment as described by AOAC (1995). The fibre 
components including neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre and acid detergent lignin were 
determined according to Van Soest et al., (1991). Data were analyzed by analysis of variance, 
ANOVA, using thè procedure of SAS outlined by SAS, (2002). The significant means were then 
compared using Least Significant Difference (LSD) of thè same package.
Acceptability/ Free choice study:
The study was carried out at thè sheep unit of Teaching and Research farm, University of 
Ibadan. Twelve West Africa dwarf rams were used in this free choice study that lasted for 14 
days, including 7 days of adaptation. The animals were housed in a group pen within thè 
ruminant house with cross ventilation. 4kg each of five different feed samples which constituted 
thè dietary treatments were served separately on five different wooding feeders on cafeteria 
basis, thus each animai has free access to each of diet in thè feeding trough. The positioning of 
thè feed was changed daily to prevent animals’ adaptation to a particular feeding trough. The
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; Journal of Agriculture, Forestry and thè Social Sciences (JOAFSS), Voi, 12, No.1,2014
amount consumed was monitored for six hours daily and thè quantity of feed consumed was 
measured and recorded. Feed preference was determined from thè Coefficient of Preference 
(CoP) value calculated from thè ratio between thè intakes of each individuai feed sample divided 
by thè intake of five feed samples (Bamikole et al., 2004). On thè basis, a feed was taken to be 
relative preferred if thè CoP, vaine is greater than unity.
CoP = Intake of individuai feed offered 
Mean intake of all thè feed offered
Data collected were subject to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using procedure of SAS (SAS, 
2002). The significant means were compared using least significant different (LSD) method.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Silage characteristics:
Physical characteristics of thè silages are presented in thè Table 1. Treatments 1, 2, 3 and 
4 were similar in their properties, having pleasant colour, fìrm texture pH of 3.92-4.91 and 
temperature 29.62-28.90°C respectively. But treatment 5 (100% Mucuna puriens) silage 
differered sharply in all these physical characteristics, having fairly pleasant odour, firm but wet 
texture with pH of 7.98 and temperature of 30.46°C. However, all thè silages maintained their 
originai colour, which ranged from green in Ti to dark green in T2 and T3 to dark green in T4 and 
very dark colour in T5.
Good silage usually preserves thè originai colour of thè pasture or any forage (Mannatje, 
1999). All thè characteristics colour obtained from these silages were similar to thè originai 
colour. The dark colouration of these silages increased with increased inclusion level of Mucuna 
pruriens in thè silage which does not necessarily make thè silage to be a bad one. This was 
against thè report of Olorunisomo (2011) that dark colouration of silage indicates bad silage, but 
in line with Oduguwa et al. (2007) good silage will have its colour dose to thè originai colour, 
which was an indication of good quality silage that was well preserved.
Ti to T2 silages had pleasant aromas which is an indication of good silage as reported by 
Babayemi (2009) that a pleasant aroma is an indication of well made silage. Optimum 
temperature range of 27.62 - 30.46 reported for these similar silages were similar to thè values of 
28.3-29.1°C reported by Babayemi (2009) and within thè range (27-38°C) reported by Muck 
(1996) for excellent silage production. Temperature increased within increased level of Mucuna 
pruriens inclusion in thè silage. However, McDonald et al., (T995) reported that temperatures 
above 30°C for thè grass silage would produce dark yellow or brown sugar, due to 
caramelization of sugars in thè forage. The texture of thè silages Ti to T4 was firm but T5 
appeared to be wet but firm. Firm texture of silage is expected to be thè best texture of good 
silage (Kung and Shaver, 2002). Slimy text or wet texture indicates spoilage in thè silage.
The pH of thè silages was within thè range of 3.92-7.98. pH value for silages T t, T2, T3 
and T4 were within thè acceptable pH range for a good silage and T5 had a pH of 7.98 which was 
above thè recommended pH value for a good silage. Silage that has been properly fermented will 
have lower pH value (Menesses et al., 2007, Babayemi, 2009, Olorunisomo, 2011). A good 
quality grass and legume silage pH values in thè tropics ranges between 4.3 and 4.7
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Journal of Agriculture, Forestry and thè Social Sciences (JOAFSS), Voi. 12, No.l, 2014
(Olorunisomo, 2011). However, pH may be affected by thè moisture content and thè buffering 
capacity of thè originai materials due to thè fact that they are low in soluble carbohydrate (Me 
Donald et al., 1995).
Proximate composition:
Proximate composition of silage after 21days of ensiling is shown in Table 2. The dry 
matter ranged from 20.67% in T5 (100% Mucunapruriens) silage to 25.65% in Ti (100% whole 
maize silage). Crude protein values were 8.02% in Ti (100% whole maize silage) to 15.77% in 
T5 (100% Mucuna pruriens silage). Crude fibre values were 26.42% in Ti to 19.26% in T5. Ether 
extract ranged from 2.25% in Ti to 7.49% in T5 while Nitrogen free extract (NFE) ranged from 
41.36% in T5to 56.71 in T,.
Crude protein and ether extract increased with thè increasing inclusion of Mucuna 
pruriens in thè silage while thè Dry matter, crude fibre, Nitrogen free extract decreased with 
increasing level of Mucuna pruriens in thè silage. There are signifìcant differences (P< 0.05) in 
all thè parameters across thè treatment. The CP contents in Ti and T2 are within thè criticai value 
of 7% recommended for small ruminants (NRC, 1981) while T3 is within thè minimum protein 
requirement of 10-12% recommended by ARC (1984) for ruminants while thè CP contents of T4 
and T5 were slightly above thè recommended value by ARC (1984). Decrease in NFE percentage 
across thè treatments is a good indication that whole maize stover has high soluble carbohydrates 
needed to supply energy. Also, thè slight decrease in CP content across thè treatments after 
ensiling might be due to thè heat production during ensiling which may have bound forage 
protein with forage carbohydrates fractions, rendering thè protein fraction less degradable.
Acceptability study:
Forage acceptability of thè ensiled forage by rams is presented in Table 3. The forage 
preference showed that T2 (75%whole maize +25% Mucuna pruriens) silage was consumed most 
(468kg/day). On thè basis of animai preferences, T2 was higher than thè rest, with highest CoP 
above unity (1.13), followed by Ti (100 %whole maize silage), with CoP (1.07) followed by T3 
(50% whole maize +50% Mucuna pruriens) with CoP (1.02) followed by T4 (25% maize+75 % 
Mucuna pruriens silage) with CoP of 1.00. The CoP of T5 (100% Mucuna Pruriens silage) was 
below thè unity (0.79), indicating that thè forage was not acceptable to thè rams. Acceptability of 
forage by animals might not be unconnected with many factors such as physical structure and 
Chemical composition of thè forage (Van Soest et al., 1991).
100% ensiled Mucuna pruriens foliage without whole maize was equally not accepted by thè 
animals., this could be due to poor silage characteristics such as mouldy growth and dark 
appearance of thè silage which could be poisonous to thè animals (Me Donald et al; 1995). It 
was observed with increasing level of Mucuna pruriens in thè diet; thè animals generally prefer 
maize silage to Mucuna silage. This observation was supported by Mannatje (1999). Also, it was 
observed that inclusion of whole maize stover enhanced thè acceptability of thè silage because 
thè animals were adapted to feeding on maize stover.
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Journal of Agricolture, Forestry and thè Social Sciences (JOAFSS), Voi. 12, No.l, 2014
Table 1: Physical characteristics and pH of whole maize and Velvet bean ( Mucuna 
pruriens) silage
Parameter T, t 2 t 3 t 4 t 5
Appearance Green Dark green Dark green Dark Very Dark
Smeli very pleasant Very pleasant Pleasant Pleasant Fairly
pleasant
Texture Firm Firm Firm Firm Firm but wet
PH 3.92 4.19 4.45 4.71 7.98
Temperature 27.62 28.40 28.70 28.90 30.46
Moulds Absent Absent Absent Very few Present
Ti =100% WMS T2 =75% WMS+25% MPS 
T3 =50% WMS+50% MPS T4=25% WMS+75% MPS
T5=100%MPS
WMS (whole maize stover) MPS (Mucuna pruriens silage)
Table 2: Proximate Composition of whole maize stover/Mucuna pruriens silage
Parameters T, t 2 t 3 t 4 t 5 SEM
(% )(g/ioog)___________
Dry matter (%) 26.65a 23.48a 21.80b 21.57b 20.67a 0.67
Crude protein (%) 80.02c 8.98c 11.74b 13.01a 15.77a 0.54
Crude fibre (%) 26.42a 26.203 24.02b 21.64ab 19.26c 1.24
Ether Extract (%) 2.35° 3.69b 4.67b 6.60a 7.49a 0.09
Ash (%) 6.50c 8.36b 10.39b 14.39a 16.1 la 0 .1 2
Nitrogen Free Extract (%) 56.7 la 52.77b 49.18b 44.36c 41.36c 2.43
a,b,c: Means within thè same row with different superscripts are significantly different (P<
0.005)
Table 3: Acceptability of whole maize stover - Mucuna pruriens silage by rams
Parameter T i t 2 t 3 t 4 Ts SEM
Intake 4.45b 4.68a 4.26c 4.17° 3.24d 0 .1 0
(kg/day)
Coefficient 1.07b 1.13“ 1 .0 2 c 1.0 0 c 0.79d 0 .0 0 2
of
Preference
% 21.39d 22.50a 20.48c 20.05d 15.58c 1.02
Preference
Ranking 2nd l st 3rd 4th 5th
a,b,c : Mean within thè same row with different superscript are significantly different (P< 0.05).
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Journal of Agriculture, Forestry and thè Social Sciences (JOAFSS), Voi. 12, No.l, 2014
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Results showed that silage characteristic in terni of colour, aroma, texture temperature 
and pH were similar among thè silage and were within thè acceptable properties of good silage 
except T5 (100% Mucuna pruriens) silage which exhibited poor silage quality and was not 
accepted by thè experimental animals. Therefore ensiling Mucuna pruriens with whole maize 
stover enhanced thè acceptability of thè diet by WAD sheep.
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6:15-22
Babayemi, O.J and J.A.Igbekoyi, (2008). In Eric Treikes (Eds), Competition for a resource in a 
changing world. New drive for rural development. Conference o f thè International 
research on food  security, National resources management and rural development, 
Tropentag, 7-9th October 2008
Babayemi,O. J,(2009) Silage quality, dry matter intake and digestibility by West African dwarf 
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