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Welcome to UISpace, The University of Ibadan Institutional Repository. A collection of theses, articles, books, videos, images, lectures, papers, data sets and all types of digital content originating from the University of Ibadan Nigeria. This repository is managed by the Kenneth Dike Library University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
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Differences in the malariometric indices of asymptomatic carriers in three communities in Ibadan, Nigeria
(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2014) Amodu, O. K.; Olumide, A. O.; Uchendu, O. C.; Amodu, F. A.; Omotade, O. O.
This study was conducted to determine the malariometric indices of children in three different settings in Ibadan,Nigeria. Children were recruited from an urban slum (Oloomi) and a periurban (Sasa) and a rural community (Igbanda) in Ibadan. Children aged between 2 and 10 years were randomly selected from primary schools in the urban and periurban areas. In the rural community, children were recruited fromthe centre of the village. A total of 670 (55.0%) out of 1218 children recruited were positive formalaria
parasitaemia.The urban population had the highest proportion of children with malaria parasitaemia. Splenomegaly was present in 31.5%, hepatomegaly in 41.5%, hepatosplenomegaly in 27.5%, and anaemia in 25.2% of the children.The parasite density was not significantly different among children in the three communities. Children in the rural community had the highest mean PCV of
34.2% and the lowest rates of splenomegaly (6.1%), hepatomegaly (7.6%), and hepatosplenomegaly (4.6%).The spleen rates, liver rates, and presence of hepatosplenomegaly and anaemia were similar in the urban and periurban communities.The malariometric indices among the asymptomatic carriers were high, especially in the urban slum. This stresses the need for intensified efforts at controlling the disease in the study area.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of computed tomography in the diagnosis of orbital tumours in ibadan, southwest Nigeria
(West african College of Surgeons, 2013) Akinmoladun, J. A.; Adeyinka, A. O.; Uchendu, O.; Akinmoladun, V. I.
Background: The orbit is a bony cavity within the skull that is composed of many structures which may undergo neoplastic transformation. Failure to diagnose the tumour and determine its extent may lead to high morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of computed tomography in the diagnosis of orbital tumours in our centre. Materials and methods: Computed Tomography images acquired from a multi-sliced CT machine, tissue diagnoses obtained from histopathology reports and patients' clinical records were reviewed. The data were analyzed and presented using frequency tables, percentages and charts as appropriate. Results: Sixty six patients made up of 34 (51.6%) males and 32 (48.4%) females were studied. The ages ranged between 1 and 80 years with a mean of 35 years. Majority (50%) of the patients were in their 4th – 6th decades of life. While secondary orbital tumours were seen in 42 (63.6%) patients, primary tumours occurred in 23 (34.8%) cases. Metastatic deposit was seen in 1 (1.6%) patient. Bone was the most commonly affected orbital tissue. The CT diagnoses of benign and malignant tumours were accurate when compared with histopathological diagnoses in 80.6% and 96.7 % of the cases respectively. Conclusion: Computed Tomography is useful in characterizing the nature, precise location of a lesion within the orbit and to demonstrate the extension of the orbital lesion into contiguous structures. This study showed that Computed tomography is also a useful imaging technique in the diagnosis of orbital tumours with high concordance rate when compared with histological diagnoses.
Evaluation of the Haemodynamic and Metabolic Effects of Local Anaesthetic Agent in Routine Dental Extractions
(Springer, 2013) Akinmoladun, V. I.; Okoje, V. N.; Akinosun, O. M.; Adisa, A. O.; Uchendu, O. C.
Introduction: The systemic effects of adrenaline adminisitered during dental local anesthesia have been the subject of many studies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the haemodynamic and metabolic effects attributable to adrenaline injected during local anesthesia in dental extraction patients. Methods Apparently medically fit patients were included and randomized into two groups. Participants had breakfast before coming in for tooth extraction. The weight, height, blood pressure and pulse rate were measured and blood sample taken before administration of local anaesthetic injections. Blood pressure, pulse and blood sample were again taken at 15 and 30 min. Results: While the adrenaline group showed a modest increase between pre- and post-drug administration states, the control group showed no difference in median systolic blood pressures. Both groups showed a slight increase in diastolic blood pressure observed between pre- and post drug administration states. Also both groups showed no significant difference in median pulse rate throughout. Although blood glucose values were widely dispersed in the pre-drug administration state in both groups, the control group showed no difference in median values throughout. However, a modest increase was observed in the adrenaline group between pre- and post-drug administration states, which persisted beyond 30 min. Conclusion: The patients treated with local anesthesia with adrenaline showed a response similar to that observed in the control group.
Factors influencing the choice of health care providing facility among workers in a local government secretariat in south western Nigeria
(Association of Resident Doctors (ARD), University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria., 2013) Uchendu, O. C.; Ilesanmi, O. S.; Olumide, A. E.
Background: There is increasing interest in the choice of health care providing facility in Nigeria. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the factors influencing choice and satisfaction with health service providers among local government staff. Methods: A cross sectional survey of all 312 workers in a Local Government Secretariat in South West Nigeria was done. Chi Square and logistic regression analysis was done. Results: The mean age was 38.6 ± 7.5 years, 55% were females and 71.7% had tertiary education. The median monthly family income of the respondents was N 28, 000 (N3,000 – N500,000), with 24.4% earning a monthly income of N21, 000 to N30, 000. Many (72.3%) utilized public health facilities attributing the choice to the low cost of services. Respondents who are satisfied with their usual care providing facilities are 12.2 times more likely to have used public facilities than private facilities (95%, CI 3.431 – 43.114). Respondents who described the quality with ease of getting care/short waiting times as being good are 3.9 times more likely to have private facilities as their chosen health care providing facility (95%, CI 1.755 – 8.742). Cost/payment for service is 2.9 times more likely to predict the use of public health facility as the usual health care provider. Conclusion: Private facilities though costlier do not appear to be providing better services than public facilities. To increase access to health care the cost of services and the waiting time are important factors to address.
Experiences of mistreatment among medical students in a University in South West Nigeria
(Nigerian Medical and Dental Consultants Association, 2012) Owoaje, E.T.; Uchendu, O. C.; Ige, O. K.
Objective: This study was conducted to assess the experiences of mistreatment and harassment among final-year clinical students in a Nigerian medical school. Materials and Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain information on the various forms of mistreatment experienced by 269 students in the 2007 and 2008 graduating classes of a medical school in Nigeria. Results: Almost all the respondents (98.5%) had experienced one or more forms of mistreatment during their training. The commonest forms experienced by the students were being shouted at (92.6%), public humiliation or belittlement (87.4%), negative or disparaging remarks about their academic performance (71.4%), being assigned tasks as punishment (67.7%), and someone else taking credit for work done by the student (49.4%). Religious or age discrimination was reported by 34.2%, sexual harassment and other forms of gender-based mistreatment by 33.8%, and threats of harm by 26.4%. These incidents were mainly perpetrated by physicians and occurred mostly during surgical rotations. The effects included strained relationships with the perpetrators, reduced self-confidence and depression. Conclusion: Most medical students experienced verbal forms of mistreatment and abuse during their training. Appropriate strategies for the prevention and reduction of medical student mistreatment should be developed.