UISpace
Welcome to UISpace, The University of Ibadan Institutional Repository. A collection of theses, articles, books, videos, images, lectures, papers, data sets and all types of digital content originating from the University of Ibadan Nigeria. This repository is managed by the Kenneth Dike Library University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
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Recent Submissions
Effective multisectoral partnerships among government ministries, agencies, and departments for stronger nutrition programming in selected Nigerian southern states: motivations, achievements, challenges and recommendations
(Nutrition Society of Nigeria, 2024) Ariyo, O.; Afolabi, W. A.; Ezeogu, A.; Oyetunji, M.; Alarape, K.
Background: Efforts to address malnutrition and its consequences in Nigeria has been on for more than 40 years with multi-stakeholders' involvement. Presently, there is limited opportunity for experiential learning to enhance performance.
Objective: This paper documented shared experiences, challenges and opportunities in nutrition programming, strategies and framework for better co-ordination and resource mobilization as envisioned by members of seven States Committee on Food and Nutrition (SCFN).
Methods: A two-day participatory workshop on strengthening multisectoral nutrition programming across states ministries, departments and agencies including technical and brainstorming sessions, group activities, opinion polls and plenary presentations was conducted. Thirty-two SCFN stakeholders from UNICEF Zone B states (Edo, Ekiti, Lagos, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, Oyo) participated including budget and economic planning, health, agriculture, and academia.
Results: Key motivation to promote personnel performance included conducive working environment, government commitment/funding support and performance-based reward. Common achievements included existence of approved State Strategic Action Plan of Food and Nutrition, yearly workplans, regular quarterly meetings, and periodic public nutrition education. Major challenges included poor political will, unfavourable hierarchical structure, inadequate budgetary allocation, weak coordination/collaboration, poor skills/competencies of nutrition desk officers, and dwindling partners' support. Recommendations included mainstreaming nutrition into government political and development agenda, continued sensitization and orientation of policy actors, re-orientation of nutrition desk officers, strengthen collaboration, entrenching the creation of State Council of Nutrition in subsequent nutrition policy review, enhance public awareness and media roles, and institute Nutrition Community of Practice platform.
Conclusion: Remarkable progress and surmountable challenges characterise nutrition programming in southern Nigeria. Experience sharing, better coordination, continuous learning and effective stakeholders' engagement are required to enhance nutrition funding, enabling environment, skills and competencies of nutrition actors.
Housing Quality of Mothers with Under five children: A comparative study of upland and riverine areas of Rivers State.
(Scholarzest, 2024) Asiegbu, U. A.; Ariyo, O.
Safe housing is fundamental to healthy living. Poor housing quality increases the burden of malnutrition in children globally and nearly half of the children under the age of five die annually due to malnutrition especially in areas with difficult accessibility. This study was designed to compare the housing quality of mothers with under-five children in the upland area with those in the riverine areas of Rivers state.
A cross-sectional study involving a multistage stratified random sampling method to select 316 mother/child pairs in six Local Government Areas of Rivers state was adopted. A pretested semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data.
In the upland area about 60% of the households lived in apartments with shared facilities and about a quarter practiced open defecation (25.2%). While more than three-quarter of the households (76.5%) resided in apartments with shared facilities and open defecation was practiced by more than half (56.0%) of the households in the riverine area. Although borehole use was the predominant source of household water supply, the use of public taps was more pronounced in the riverine (21.4%). Bush refuse dumping was predominant in the upland (56.9%) while the ocean (78.9%) was similarly preferred by households in the riverine area.
Most mothers lived in apartments where basic facilities were shared and open defecation was high. Efforts should be geared towards providing sanitary facilities to households especially in the riverine communities and sensitisation programmes should be organised to improve hygiene awareness.
Region, location, and age-specific comparison of nutritional status of in-school adolescent girls (10-19 years) in Nigeria
(World Public Health Nutrition Association (WPHNA), 2024) Olumakaiye, M.F.; Nzeagwu, O.C.; Otitoola, O.C.; Ariyo, O.; Abe, J.; Popoola, B.R.; Gbemileke, A.; Akinyotu, E.O.
Background: Nutritional status among female adolescents in Nigeria is becoming a major concern
because it determines health outcomes and productivity in their adult years. There is a
growing recognition of the potential to promote a healthy start to life for the next
generation by addressing health and nutritional risks in adolescents.
Objective
This study assessed the nutritional status of in-school adolescent girls in Nigeria and made
comparisons across regions, locations, and age groups.
Methods
A multistage stratified random sampling procedure was used to select participants from
three geopolitical zones in Nigeria for this descriptive cross-sectional study of 2261 inschool
adolescent girls aged 10 -19 years. Body mass index-for-age (BMI), waist-hip-ratio
(WHR), and waist-height-ratio (WHtR) were calculated from weight, height, hip, waist, and
mid-upper arm circumferences measurements.
Results
The mean age was 14.9 years (± 1.78 years), the mean body weight was 47.8 kg (± 9.02 kg),
compared to a calculated mean ideal weight of 54.5 kg (± 9.05 kg). Using BMI, 9.8% of these
adolescent girls were underweight, 7% were either overweight or obese, 47.9% were at risk
judging from WHR, 10% had abdominal obesity present using WHtR, 35.7% were
malnourished, and 11.8% were obese using MUAC. South East girls were eleven times more
likely to have a high BMI (OR=11.341, 95%CI=6.059-21.225) and three times more likely to
have a high WHtR (OR=2.870, 95%CI=1.954-4.213) than other regions. The likelihood of
being overweight/obese was higher among urban than peri-urban girls; BMI (OR=1.008,
95%CI=0.728-1.395) and MUACoverweight (OR=1.280, 95%CI=0.988-1.657). Older girls, 14-
16yrs; WHtR (OR = 1.426, 95%CI = 0.970-2.097) and 17 -19yrs (OR = 1.024, 95%CI = 0.617-
1.699) were likely to be overweight/obese compared to 10 -13yrs (OR=3.878, 95%CI=2.385-
6.305). Girls 14 -16 were three times and 17-19 were six times more likely to have higher
MUAC overweight (OR = 3.878, 95%CI = 2.385-6.305) and (OR=6.371, 95%CI=3.854-10.865),
respectively than those at 10-13 years.
Conclusions
These findings underscore the significant disparities in the nutritional status of adolescent
girls across regions, locations, and age ranges in Nigeria. This highlights the urgent need
for targeted, region-specific nutrition-sensitive intervention programmes among
adolescent girls, potentially leading to improved public health outcomes in Nigeria.
Nutritional status of school children in South-west Nigeria: Inferences from a national homegrown school feeding programme
(Makerere University Medical School, 2024) Obembe, T. A.; Bosede, A. O.; Ariyo, O.; Adeniji, F. I. P.; Olaoye, A.; Adebayo, A. M.
Background: The School Feeding Programme if properly executed has the capacity to improve the nutritional status of the
school children.
Objective: To assess the nutritional status of school children in Ondo State Nigeria given that the National Home-Grown
School Feeding Programme (NHGSFP) has been operational in the state for over five years.
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study.
Results: A total of 234 subjects from public schools and 227 subjects from private schools were enrolled in the study. Their
mean age was 8.23 ± 1.92 years. Wasting, overweight, obesity, underweight, and stunting were noted in 19.4%, 11.4%, 0.4%,
5.0%, and 20.7% of the children, respectively. The prevalence of stunting (30.3%) and wasting (23.9%) was more among subjects
from the public schools. A significant association was found between Weight-for-Age Z-score, Height-for-Age Z-score, and
BMI-for-Age Z-score and the children’s school type (p < 0.005).
Conclusion: Majority of the children showed normal growth, the rest were in both extremes of malnutrition, the subjects from
private schools seem to present better nutritional status, although there is no baseline data to ratify this finding. A further study
on this subject using the current finding as a baseline data is recommended.
Keywords: School children; Nutritional assessment; Stunting; Underweight; Wasting; School feeding programme.
Barriers and facilitators of early initiation of breastfeeding Practice In Imo State: findings from the perception of Mothers and Health Workers
(Nutrition Society of Nigeria, 2023) Chima-Onumajuru, A. P.; Ariyo, O.; Kawu, A.; Samuel, F. O.; Owolabi, A. J.
Background and Objectives: Despite the well-known benets of breastfeeding, many barriers
hinder its early initiation, and several facilitators promote it. Understanding these barriers and
facilitators is crucial to promote optimal practice.
Objectives: This research explored the determinants of early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF),
highlighting the factors that affect the decision-making process of mothers and healthcare
providers in Imo state, Nigeria.
Methods: This cross-sectional study involved purposive sampling of 66 mother-child pairs and 10
health workers across four primary healthcare centres in Imo state. Semi-structured individual
interviews and focus group discussions were used to explore the determinants of the practice of
early initiation of breastfeeding. Qualitative data (transcripts) were analysed using the
QDAMiner Lite software. Thematic analysis involving organizing, and summarizing
qualitative data was adopted and codes were used to classify text excerpts into their
appropriate categories.
Results: Summarily, mothers and health workers pointed out the following positive determinants:
baby crying; educating the mothers on EIBF; support from midwives; training of health workers;
health workers' knowledge of EIBF. They also pointed out the following barriers: delayed breast
milk ow; lack of knowledge on the subject matter; mother and mother-in-law inuence;
mother's health status; mother's personal belief; no support from midwives; delivery via
cesarean section; no record of EIBF; lack of training; and poor motivation.
Conclusions: The results show how vital the understanding of the concept and benets of EIBF
facilitates its practice from the perspective of mothers and health workers. Continuous
investments to train health workers who in turn teach mothers should be prioritized.