Browsing by Author "Adedapo, A. A."

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Ameliorative Effect of Azadirachta Indica on Sodium Fluoride-Induced Hypertension Through Improvement of Antioxidant Defence System and Upregulation of Extracellular Signal Regulated Kinase 1/2 Signaling
(Walter de Gruyter GmbH (Berlin/Boston), 2017) Omóbòwálé, T. O.; Oyagbemi, A. A.; Alaba, B. A.; Ola-Davies, O. E.; Adejumobi, O. A.; Asenuga, E. R.; Ajibade, T. O.; Adedapo, A. A.; Yakubu, M. A.
Background: Toxicities due to fluoride exposure from natural and industrial sources occur commonly in man and animals with severe consequences ranging from mild cardiac derangements to sudden death. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of the methanol extract of Azadirachta indica against sodium fluoride (NaF)-induced hypertension and genotoxicity in rats. Methods: Sixty rats were divided into six groups of ten rats each as follows: Group A, the control group received distilled water; Group B rats were administered NaF at 600 ppm in drinking water; Groups C and D rats were pre-treated with the methanol extract of AI and thereafter administered NaF at 600 ppm in drinking water for 7 consecutive days; Groups E and F rats were co-administered with AI and NaF. Results: The administration of NaF caused significant (p < 0.05) increases in the blood pressure, markers of oxidative stress, serum myeloperoxidase, xanthine oxidase values in NaF-alone treated rats, compared with the control. Significant (p < 0.05) decreases were observed in cardiac and renal antioxidant defence system in rats administered NaF alone compared with the control group. NaF treatment also resulted in a reduction in the expressions of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 in cardiac and renal tissues of NaF-treated rats. Moreover, NaF treatment elicited an increase in the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes when compared with the control group. Conclusions: This study shows the protective effect of AI on NaF-induced hypertension and genotoxicity through antioxidant and ERK 1/2 signaling in rats.
Ameliorative effect of gallic acid in doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity in wistar rats through antioxidant defense system
(Taylor & Francis, 2017-07) Omobowale, T. O.; Oyagbemi, A. A.; Ajufo, U. E.; Adejumobi, A. O.; Ola-Davies, O. E.; Adedapo, A. A.; Yakubu, M. A.
Hepatotoxicity has been found to be one of the main side effects associated with doxorubicin (Dox) administration in cancer therapy. The aim of the present study was to examine the ameliorative effect of gallic acid (GA) in Dox-induced hepatotoxicity. Sixty male Wistar rats of 10 rats per group were used in this study and were randomly divided into 6 experimental groups (A–F). Rats in Group A served as the control group and received distilled water orally for 7 days; Group B was given Dox at 15 mg/kg bodyweight intraperitoneally (IP) on Day 8. Group Cwas given GA at 60 mg/kg body weight orally for 7 days + Dox at 15 mg/kg IP on Day 8. Group D was given GA at 120 mg/kg body weight orally for 7 days +Dox at 15 mg/kg IP on day 8. Rats in Groups E and F were administered GA alone at 60 and 120 mg/kg bodyweight orally for 7 days, respectively. Dox administration led to a significant reduction in hepatic reduced glutathione and nonprotein thiol (NPT) together with significant increase in hepatic malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide generation, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activity; hepatic glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase activity were significantly inhibited in Dox-treated rats. The serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase, and total bilirubin concentrations were significantly elevated following Dox administration. Pretreatment with GA ameliorated Dox-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress. The results suggest that GA may offer protection against hepatic damage in Dox cancer chemotherapy.
Ameliorative Effect of Gallic Acid on Doxorubicin- Induced Hepatotoxicity in Wistar Rats Through Antioxidant Defence System
(Taylor & Francis, 2018) Omobowale, T. O.; Oyagbemi, A. A.; Ajufo, U. E.; Adejumobi, O. A.; Ola-Davies, O. E.; Adedapo, A. A.; Yakubu, M. A.
Hepatotoxicity has been found to be one of the main side effects asso- ciated with doxorubicin (Dox) administration in cancer therapy. The aim of the present study was to examine the ameliorative effect of gallic acid (GA) in Dox-induced hepatotoxicity. Sixty male Wistar rats of 10 rats per group were used in this study and were randomly divided into 6 experimental groups (A-F). Rats in Group A served as the control group and received distilled water orally for 7 days: Group B was given Dox at 15 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally (IP) on Day 8. Group C was given GA at 60 mg/kg body weight orally for 7 days + Dox at 15 mg/kg IP on Day 8. Group D was given GA at 120 mg/kg body weight orally for 7 days +Dox at 15 mg/kg IP on day 8. Rats in Groups E and F were administered GA alone at 60 and 120 mg/kg body weight orally for 7 days, respectively. Dox administration led to a significant reduction in hepatic reduced glu- tathione and nonprotein thiol (NPT) together with significant increase in hepatic malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide generation, superax- ide dismutase, and catalase activity; hepatic glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase activity were significantly inhibited in Dox-treated rats, The serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase, and total bilirubin concentrations were significantly ele- vated following Dox administration. Pretreatment with GA ameliorated Dox-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress. The results suggest that GA may offer protection against hepatic damage in Dox cancer chemotherapy.
Ameliorative effect of gallic acid on doxorubicin-induced cardiac dysfunction in rats
(De Gruyter, 2017) Omobowale, T. O.; Oyagbemi, A. A.; Folasire, A. F.; Ajibade, T. O.; Asentiga, E. R.; Adejumobi, O. A.; Ola-Davies, O. E.; Oyetola, O.; James, G.; Adedapo, A. A.; Yakubu, M. A.
Background: The use of doxorubicin (DOX) as an antineoplastic agent has been greatly limited because of the myriad of toxic sequelae associated with it. The aim of this study was to assess the protective effects of gallic acid (GA) on DOX-induced cardiac toxicity in rats. Methods: Sixty male rats (Wistar strain) were used in this study. They were divided into six groups (A–F) each containing 10 animals. Group A was the control. Rats in Groups B, C, and D were treated with DOX at the dosage of 15 mg/kg body weight i.p. Prior to this treatment, rats in Groups C and D had been treated orally with GA for 7 days at the dosage of 60 and 120 mg/kg, respectively. Animals from Groups E and F received only 60 and 120 mg/kg GA, respectively, which were administered orally for 7 days. Results: The exposure of rats to DOX led to a significant (p 0.05) decrease in the cardiac antioxidant defence system and elevation of creatine kinase myocardial band and lactate dehydrogenase. The electrocardiography results showed a significant decrease in heart rate, QRS, and QT-segment prolongation. GA alone improved the antioxidant defence system. Conclusions: The GA pretreatment significantly alleviated GA-associated ECG abnormalities, restored the antioxidant status and prevented cardiac damage.
Ameliorative Effect of Garlic Acid on Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction in Rats
(Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2018) Omobowale, T. O.; Oyagbemi, A. A.; Folasire, A. M.; Ajibade, T. O.; Asenuga, E. R.; Adejumobi, O. A.; Ola-Davies, O. E.; Oyetola, O.; James, G.; Adedapo, A. A.; Yakubu, M. A.
Background: The use of doxorubicin (DOX) as an anti- neoplastic agent has been greatly limited because of the myriad of toxic sequelae associated with it. The aim of this study was to assess the protective effects of gallic acid (GA) on DOX-induced cardiac toxicity in rats. Methods: Sixty male rats (Wistar strain) were used in this study. They were divided into six groups (A-F) each containing 10 animals. Group A was the control. Rats in Groups B, C, and D were treated with DOX at the dosage of 15 mg/kg body weight i.p. Prior to this treatment, rats in Groups C and D had been treated orally with GA for 7 days at the dosage of 60 and 120 mg/kg, respectively. Animals from Groups E and F received only 60 and 120 mg/kg GA, respectively, which were administered orally for 7 days Results: The exposure of rats to DOX led to a significant Received December 27, 2016; accepted July 23, 2017; previously (p<0.05) decrease in the cardiac antioxidant defence published online October 9, 2017 Abstract Background: The use of doxorubicin (DOX) as an anti- neoplastic agent has been greatly limited because of the myriad of toxic sequelae associated with it. The aim of this study was to assess the protective effects of gallic acid (GA) on DOX-induced cardiac toxicity in rats. Conclusions: The GA pretreatment significantly alleviated GA-associated ECG abnormalities, restored the antioxi dant status and prevented cardiac damage.
Ameliorative Effect of Rutin on Sodium Fluoride-Induced Hypertension through Modulation of Kim-1/NF-Kb/Nrf 2 Signaling Pathways in Rats
(Wiley, 2018) Oyagbemi, A. A.; Omobowale, T. O.; Ola-Davies, O. E.; Asenuga, E. R.; Ajibade, T. O.; Adejumobi, O. A.; Afolabi, J. M.; Ogunpolu, B. S.; Falayi, O. O.; Ayodeji, F.; Hassan, F. O.; Saba, A. B.; Adedapo, A. A.; Yakubu, M. A.
Sodium fluoride is one of the neglected environmental contaminants. Inorganic fluorides in the environment are found in the air, water, and land. In the study, forty male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four groups with 10 rats in a group. Group A was the control group which was given normal saline, Group B was exposed to 300 ppm of Sodium fluoride in drinking water, while Groups C and D received Sodium fluoride along with Rutin (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) orally daily for a week. Administration of Sodium fluoride alone led to significant increases in blood pressure and decreased serum nitric oxide. Immunohistochemistry revealed higher expressions of kidney injury molecule 1 (Kim-1), nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB), and downregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in rats administered Sodium fluoride. Rutin co-treatment with Sodium fluoride normalized blood pressure, lowered Kim-1 and NF-κB expressions, and improved nitric oxide bioavailability
Anthelmintic efficacy of the aqueous crude extract of Euphorbia hirta Linn in Nigerian dogs
(2005) Adedapo, A. A.; Shabi, O. O.; Adedokun, O. A.
The anthelmintic efficacy of the aqueous crude extract of Euphorbia Itirta Linn was studied in 20 Nigerian dogs that were naturally infected with nematodes. They were randomly divided into 4 groups. A, B. C and D. Groups A and B each comprised 4 dogs while groups C and D comprised 6 dogs each. Group A animals were untreated, while those in group B were treated with proprietary anthelmintic (Mebendazole). Groups C and D animals were treated with aqueous crude extracts of E. hirta using intramuscular and oral routes, respectively. Two weeks after treatment, blood and faecal samples were collected to evaluate haematological values and faecal egg counts, respectively. The procedure was repeated two weeks later. Results of this study show that the aqueous crude extracts of E. hirta after its administration into local dogs produced a significant increase (P< 0.05) in PCV, RBC. l ib cone.. TWBC and lymphocyte counts. The faecal egg counts also showed a remarkable and significant reduction in the levels of the identified helminths. The reduction in faecal egg counts was more pronounced with the extract administered through the oral route when compared with the intramuscular route. The effects of the plant extracts were broad spectrum in action. The phenol compound present in the plant extract could have caused reduction in worm load through this same mechanism that culminates in exhaustion and death ofworms. Since the aqueous crude extract of £. hirta significantly reduced the faecal egg count of the helminths, it could serve as an anthelmintic agent
Antihypertensive Effect of Poly phenol Rich fraction of Azadirachta Indica on Nw-Nitro-L-Arginine Methyl Esther-Induced Hypertension and Cardiovenal Dysfunction
(Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2018) Omobowale, T. O.; Oyagbemi, A. A.; Ogunpolu, B. S.; Oladavies, O. E.; Olukunle, J. O.; Asenuga, E. R.; Ajibade, T. O.; Adejumobi, O. A.; Afolabi, J. M.; Faloju, O. O.; Ashafa, A.; Adedapo, A. A.; Yakubu, M. A.
Azadirachta indica (Al) is a medicinal plant with reported anti-oxidant and cardio-protective properties. The use of plant-based polyphenols has become greatly increased in the last one decade. The present study investigated the protective effect of the polyphenol-rich fraction (PRF) of the methanol-extract of Azadirachta indica against N-Nitro-L-Arginine Methyl Ester induced Hypertension and cardiorenal dysfunction in rats. Fifty (50) Wistar albino rats were grouped into five groups. Group A, the control, was administered potable water. Groups B-E received orally, 40 mg/kg of L-NAME only, 40 mg/kg of L-NAME and 100 mg/kg of Al extract, 40 mg/kg of L-NAME and 200 mg/kg of Al extract, and 40 mg/kg of L-NAME and 25 mg/kg of Captopril, respectively for 21 days. The results of the present study revealed that L-NAME administration led to a significant increase in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial blood pressure. Markers of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl) increased significantly while there was reduction in reduced glutathione level, activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase as well nitric oxide bioavailability. Immunohistochemistry revealed higher expressions of nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-kB) and kidney injury molecule 1 (Kim-1) and lower expressions of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in hypertensive rats. Our results indicated that with PRF of Azadirachta indica restored high blood pressure, reduced markers of oxidative stress, normalized serum nitric oxide bioavailability and increased the expressions of Nrf2. Hence, PRF of Azadirachta indica could be used for the treatment of Hypertension.
The effect of aqueous leaf extract of telfaria occidentalis on isolated guinea pig ileum
(Biomedical Communications Group, Ibadan, Nigeria, 2001-01) Dina, O. A.; Saba, A. B.; Akhiromen, I. O.; Adedapo, A. A.; Ola-Davies, O. E.
The effect of aqueous extract of Telfaria occidentalis was studied in vitro on the guinea pig ileum. The extract elicited a dose dependent contractions of the ileum. These responses were blocked by 5 x 10 M mepyramine and 5 x 10-M.atropine, suggesting that it has both histominergic and cholinergic properties. The usefulness of the plant as potent naturally available purgative is presented in this study.
Effect of Arsenic Acid Withdrawal on Hepatoxicity and Disruptor of Erythrocyte Antioxidant Defense System
(Elsevier B.V, 2017) Oyagbemi, A. A.; Omobowale, T. O.; Adenuga, E. R.; Afolabi, J. M.; Adejumobi, O. A.; Adedapo, A. A.; Yakubu, M. A.
We investigated the effects of withdrawal from Sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) on the hepatic and antioxidant defense system in male Wistar rats using a before and after texicant design. Rats were orally gavaged daily with varying duses of NaAsO fur a period of 4 weeks. One half of the population was sacrificed and the remaining half had the toxicant withdrawn for anodier ferther 4 weeks. Biochemical and immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess the impact of withdrawal on the erythrocyte and hepatic systems. Exposure of Wistar rats to NaASO, led to a significant (p<0.05) increase in hepatic and erythrocyte markers of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, thiol contents and hydrogen peroxide generation). Concurrently, there was a significant (p < 0.05) increase in hepatic and erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes (glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) following exposure. Withdrawal from NaAsO exposure led to a decline in both erythrocyte and hepatic markers of oxidative stress and together with a significant improvement in antioxidant defense system. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry revealed varying degrees of recovery in hepatocyte ultrastructure alongside increased expression of the pre-survival protein Kinase B (Akt/PKB) after 4 weeks of NAO with drawal. Conclusively, withdrawal from exposure led to a partial recovery from uxidative stress-mediated he patotoxicity and derangements in erythrocyte antioxidant system through Akt/PKB pathway.
Effect of exposure and withdrawal on lead-induced toxicity and oxidative stress in cardiac tissues of rats
(Informatics Publishing Limited, 2016) Omobowale, T. O.; Oyagbemi, A. A.; Akinrinde, A. S.; Ola-Davies, O. E.; Saba, A. B.; Olopade, J. O.; Adedapo, A. A.
Lead poisoning continues to pose a serious health challenge and more significantly so in developing countries with ineffective waste disposal systems. Recent efforts at solving lead poisoning issues have seen entire towns being resettled from lead-contaminated areas. This study was designed to investigate whether withdrawal of lead exposure results in a resolution of toxic effects of lead in cardiac tissues. Adult male Wistar rats were exposed orally to lead acetate (PbA) at doses of 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/ml for 6-week duration, after which one-half was sacrificed and the remaining left for a further 6 weeks without lead treatment. Exposure of rats to PbA produced significant decline (P < 0.05) in the activities of antioxidant parameters, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), and reduced glutathione (GSH), whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration was significantly elevated. Animals from the withdrawal period exhibited a similar pattern of alterations, with a significant (P < 0.05) reduction in GSH, GPx, and SOD and a significant elevation in MDA and H2O2 concentrations. However, GST activity was elevated, whereas CAT activity remained unaltered in the withdrawal period. The results of this study showed that cardiotoxicity indicated by induction of oxidative stress and reduction in antioxidant parameters failed to resolve upon withdrawal of lead exposure in male rats during the period of study.
Effect of exposure and withdrawal on Lead-induced toxicity and oxidative stress in cardiac tissues of Rats
(Informatics Publishing Limited, 2016) Omobowale, T. O.; Oyagbemi, A. A.; Akinrinde, S. A.; Ola-Davies, O. E.; Saba, A. B.; Olopade, J. O.; Adedapo, A. A.
Lead poisoning continues to pose a serious health challenge and more significantly so in developing countries with ineffective waste disposal systems. Recent efforts at solving lead poisoning issues have seen entire towns being resettled from lead-contaminated areas. This study was designed to investigate whether withdrawal of lead exposure results in a resolution of toxic effects of lead in cardiac tissues. Adult male Wistar rats were exposed orally to lead acetate (PbA) at doses of 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/ml for 6-week duration, after which one-half was sacrificed and the remaining left for a further 6 weeks without lead treatment. Exposure of rats to PbA produced significant decline (P < 0.05) in the activities of antioxidant parameters, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), and reduced glutathione (GSH), whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration was significantly elevated. Animals from the withdrawal period exhibited a similar pattern of alterations, with a significant (P < 0.05) reduction in GSH, GPx, and SOD and a significant elevation in MDA and H2 O2 concentrations. However, GST activity was elevated, whereas CAT activity remained unaltered in the withdrawal period. The results of this study showed that cardiotoxicity indicated by induction of oxidative stress and reduction in antioxidant parameters failed to resolve upon withdrawal of lead exposure in male rats during the period of study.
Effect of exposure and withdrawal on lead-induced toxicity and oxidative stress in cardiac tissues of rats
(Informatics Publishing Limited, 2016) Omobowale, T. O.; Oyagbemi, A. A.; Akinrinde, A. S.; Ola-Davies, O. E.; Saba, A. B.; Olopade, J. O.; Adedapo, A. A.
Lead poisoning continues to pose a serious health challenge and more significantly so in developing countries with ineffective waste disposal systems. Recent efforts at solving lead poisoning issues have seen entire towns being resettled from lead-contaminated areas. This study was designed to investigate whether withdrawal of lead exposure results in a resolution of toxic effects of lead in cardiac tissues. Adult male Wistar rats were exposed orally to lead acetate (PbA) at doses of 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/ml for 6-week duration, after which one-half was sacrificed and the remaining left for a further 6 weeks without lead treatment. Exposure of rats to PbA produced significant decline (P < 0.05) in the activities of antioxidant parameters, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), and reduced glutathione (GSH), whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration was significantly elevated. Animals from the withdrawal period exhibited a similar pattern of alterations, with a significant (P < 0.05) reduction in GSH, GPx, and SOD and a significant elevation in MDA and H2O2 concentrations. However, GST activity was elevated, whereas CAT activity remained unaltered in the withdrawal period. The results of this study showed that cardiotoxicity indicated by induction of oxidative stress and reduction in antioxidant parameters failed to resolve upon withdrawal of lead exposure in male rats during the period of study.
Glycine exerts renal antioxidant effects and restores hemodynamic alterations in Rats treated with Diclofenac Sodium: Roles of renal Angiotensin Converting Enzyme, Angiotensin II Receptor and Mineralocortocoid Receptor
(Biomedical Communications Group, Ibadan, 2023) Akinrinde, A. S.; Ajibade, T. O.; Adetona, M. O.; Oyagbemi, A. A.; Adedapo, A. D. A.; Larbie, C.; Omobowale, T. O.; Ola-Davies, O. E.; Adedapo, A. A.; Saba, A. B.; Oguntibeju, O. O.; Yakubu, M. A.
Diclofenac (DIC) is known to alter renal function in the form of hemodynamically-mediated acute renal failure. This study evaluated the protective role of the amino acid, glycine (Gly) on nephrotoxicity and acute hemodynamic alterations induced by DIC (9 mg/kg) in male Wistar rats. The rats were divided into four groups (n=7/group) including Group A (control); Group B (DIC-treated), Groups C (DIC + Gly1, 250 mg/kg) and Group D (DIC + Gly2 500 mg/kg). Systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP) and mean arterial (MAP) blood pressures were significantly (p<0.05) reduced in rats treated with DIC alone, compared to control. Kidneys from DIC-treated rats showed altered histology with significantly (p<0.05) increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl contents, but decreased glutathione (GSH) glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. Immunohistochemistry revealed down-regulation of renal angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), but increased expressions of angiotensin type II receptor (AT2R) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in DIC-treated rats. However, pre-treatment with Gly reversed most of the aforementioned effects of DIC. The present results suggest that oral glycine protected kidney tissues and restored DIC-induced hemodynamic changes by modifying renal expression of the renin-angiotensin-mineralocortocoid pathway and/or renal oxidative stress.
Glycine exerts renal antioxidant effects and restores hemodynamic alterations in Rats treated with Diclofenac Sodium: Roles of renal Angiotensin Converting Enzyme, Angiotensin II Receptor and Mineralocortocoid Receptor
(Biomedical Communications Group, Ibadan, 2023) Akinrinde, A. S.; Ajibade, T. O.; Adetona, M. O.; Oyagbemi, A. A.; Adedapo, A. D. A.; Larbie, C.; Omobowale, T. O.; Ola-Davies, O. E.; Adedapo, A. A.; Saba, A. B.; Oguntibeju, O. O.; Yakubu, M. A.
Diclofenac (DIC) is known to alter renal function in the form of hemodynamically-mediated acute renal failure. This study evaluated the protective role of the amino acid, glycine (Gly) on nephrotoxicity and acute hemodynamic alterations induced by DIC (9 mg/kg) in male Wistar rats. The rats were divided into four groups (n=7/group) including Group A (control); Group B (DIC-treated), Groups C (DIC + Gly1, 250 mg/kg) and Group D (DIC + Gly2 500 mg/kg). Systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP) and mean arterial (MAP) blood pressures were significantly (p<0.05) reduced in rats treated with DIC alone, compared to control. Kidneys from DIC-treated rats showed altered histology with significantly (p<0.05) increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl contents, but decreased glutathione (GSH) glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. Immunohistochemistry revealed down-regulation of renal angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), but increased expressions of angiotensin type II receptor (AT2R) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in DIC-treated rats. However, pre-treatment with Gly reversed most of the aforementioned effects of DIC. The present results suggest that oral glycine protected kidney tissues and restored DIC-induced hemodynamic changes by modifying renal expression of the renin-angiotensin-mineralocortocoid pathway and/or renal oxidative stress.
Glycine exerts renal antioxidant effects and restores hemodynamic alterations in Rats treated with Diclofenac Sodium: Roles of renal Angiotensin Converting Enzyme, Angiotensin II Receptor and Mineralocortocoid Receptor
(Biomedical Communications Group, Ibadan, 2023) Akinrinde, A. S.; Ajibade, T. O.; Adetona, M. O.; Oyagbemi, A. A.; Adedapo, A. D. A.; Larbie, C.; Omobowale, T. O.; Ola-Davies, O. E.; Adedapo, A. A.; Saba, A. B.; Oguntibeju, O. O.; Yakubu, M. A.
Diclofenac (DIC) is known to alter renal function in the form of hemodynamically-mediated acute renal failure. This study evaluated the protective role of the amino acid, glycine (Gly) on nephrotoxicity and acute hemodynamic alterations induced by DIC (9 mg/kg) in male Wistar rats. The rats were divided into four groups (n=7/group) including Group A (control); Group B (DIC-treated), Groups C (DIC + Gly1, 250 mg/kg) and Group D (DIC + Gly2 500 mg/kg). Systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP) and mean arterial (MAP) blood pressures were significantly (p<0.05) reduced in rats treated with DIC alone, compared to control. Kidneys from DIC-treated rats showed altered histology with significantly (p<0.05) increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl contents, but decreased glutathione (GSH) glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. Immunohistochemistry revealed down-regulation of renal angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), but increased expressions of angiotensin type II receptor (AT2R) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in DIC-treated rats. However, pre-treatment with Gly reversed most of the aforementioned effects of DIC. The present results suggest that oral glycine protected kidney tissues and restored DIC-induced hemodynamic changes by modifying renal expression of the renin-angiotensin-mineralocortocoid pathway and/or renal oxidative stress.
Glycine exerts renal antioxidant effects and restores hemodynamic alterations in Rats treated with Diclofenac Sodium: Roles of renal Angiotensin Converting Enzyme, Angiotensin II Receptor and Mineralocortocoid Receptor
(Biomedical Communications Group, Ibadan, 2023) Akinrinde, A. S.; Ajibade, T. O.; Adetona, M. O.; Oyagbemi, A. A.; Adedapo, A. D. A.; Larbie, C.; Omobowale, T. O.; Ola-Davies, O. E.; Adedapo, A. A.; Saba, A. B.; Oguntibeju, O. O.; Yakubu, M. A.
Diclofenac (DIC) is known to alter renal function in the form of hemodynamically-mediated acute renal failure. This study evaluated the protective role of the amino acid, glycine (Gly) on nephrotoxicity and acute hemodynamic alterations induced by DIC (9 mg/kg) in male Wistar rats. The rats were divided into four groups (n=7/group) including Group A (control); Group B (DIC-treated), Groups C (DIC + Gly1, 250 mg/kg) and Group D (DIC + Gly2 500 mg/kg). Systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP) and mean arterial (MAP) blood pressures were significantly (p<0.05) reduced in rats treated with DIC alone, compared to control. Kidneys from DIC-treated rats showed altered histology with significantly (p<0.05) increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl contents, but decreased glutathione (GSH) glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. Immunohistochemistry revealed down-regulation of renal angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), but increased expressions of angiotensin type II receptor (AT2R) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in DIC-treated rats. However, pre-treatment with Gly reversed most of the aforementioned effects of DIC. The present results suggest that oral glycine protected kidney tissues and restored DIC-induced hemodynamic changes by modifying renal expression of the renin-angiotensin-mineralocortocoid pathway and/or renal oxidative stress.
Haematinic potencies of the aqueous crude extracts of ficus mucoso and senna occidentalis in rabbits
(2009) Adedapo, A. A.; Ayodele, A. E.; Ogunshe, A. A. O.; Oyeyemi, M.O.; Idowu, S. O.; Ola -Davies, O. E.; Ademola, I. O.
A total of 20 domestic rabbits divided into 4 groups of 5 animals per group were used in this study to assess the haematinic potencies of the aqueous crude extracts of Ficus mucoso and Senna occidentalis and this was then compared with that of a proprietary haematinic, Haematopan B12®. Group A animals (control) were not bled but those in groups B, C and D were bled to induce anaemia. Group B animals were treated with Haematopan B12®, a commercially prepared haematinic, and groups C and D were treated with the aqueous crude extracts of Senna occidentalis (Linn) Link and Ficus mucoso Welw. ex Ficalho respectively. The post-haemorrhage treatment haematologic values were obtained at given intervals (7 days) and compared with the pre-haemorrhagic values earlier obtained. The study showed that all the experimental animals showed accelerated recovery since these animals had excellent response in terms of white blood cell (WBC) and its differentials, red blood cell (RBC) count, packed cell volume (PCV) and haemoglobin (Hb) concentration. Thus the extracts of Ficus mucoso and Senna occidentalis have comparative haematinic potencies as Haematopan B12®.
Haematinic potencies of the aqueous crude extracts of ficus mucoso and senna occidentalis in rabbits
(Ibadan Biomedical Communications Group, 2009) Adedapo, A. A.; Ayodele, A. E.; Ogunshe, A. A. O.; Oyeyemi, M. O.; Idowu, S. O.; Ola-Davies, O. E.; Ademola, I. O.
A total of 20 domestic rabbits divided into 4 groups of 5 animals per group were used in this study to assess the haematinic potencies of the aqueous crude extracts of Ficus mucoso and Senna occidentalis and this was then compared with that of a proprietary haematinic, Haematopan B12®. Group A animals (control) were not bled but those in groups B, C and D were bled to induce anaemia. Group B animals were treated with Haematopan B12®, a commercially prepared haematinic, and groups C and D were treated with the aqueous crude extracts of Senna occidentalis (Linn) Link and Ficus mucoso Welw. ex Ficalho respectively. The post-haemorrhage treatment haematologic values were obtained at given intervals (7 days) and compared with the pre-haemorrhagic values earlier obtained. The study showed that all the experimental animals showed accelerated recovery since these animals had excellent response in terms of white blood cell (WBC) and its differentials, red blood cell (RBC) count, packed cell volume (PCV) and haemoglobin (Hb) concentration. Thus the extracts of Ficus mucoso and Senna occidentalis have comparative haematinic potencies as Haematopan B12®
Herbicides and Environmental Toxicity
(Haghshenass publication, 2017) Adedapo, A. A.; Babarinsa, S. O.; Fayinminu, O. O.
Chemicals used by farmers in particular to manipulate or control undesirable vegetation in the farms are known as herbicides and the most frequent application of herbicides occurs in row-crop farming, where they are applied before or during planting to maximize crop productivity by minimizing other vegetation. These chemicals may also be applied to crops in the fall, to improve harvesting. They are used in forest management to prepare logged areas for replanting; the total applied volume and area covered is greater but the frequency of application is much less than for farming. Herbicides are applied to lawns, parks, golf courses and other areas in suburban and urban areas. They are also applied to water bodies to control aquatic weeds that impede irrigation withdrawals or interfere with recreational and industrial uses of water. The potential effects of these chemicals are strongly influenced by their toxic mode of action and their method of application.