Browsing by Author "Ademola, A."

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    Depression and disability: comparisons with common physical conditions in the Ibadan study of aging
    (Elsevier Ltd., 2008-11) Gureje, O.; Ademola, A.; Olley, B. O.
    Objectives: To compare the effects of depression and chronic physical conditions on disability in elderly persons. Setting: Yoruba-speaking areas of Nigeria. Design: Interviews. Participants: Community-dwelling persons aged 65 and older. Method: Face-to-face interviews were conducted with a representative sample of community-dwelling persons aged 65 and older (N= 2,152) in the Yoruba-speaking areas of Nigeria (representing ~22% of the national population). Major depressive disorder (MDD) was assessed using the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Chronic pain and medical disorders were assessed using self-report. Disorder-specific disability was evaluated using the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS). Results: MDD was highly comorbid with each of the medical conditions (odds ratio range 1.3–2.0). A higher proportion of persons with MDD (47.2%) were rated severely disabled globally than those with arthritis (20.6%), chronic spinal pain (24.2%), or high blood pressure (25.0%). Subjects with MDD were also more likely to be severely disabled in three of the four domains of the SDS. In pair-wise comparisons, persons with MDD had significantly higher levels of disability than those with any of the disorders, with differences in mean scores ranging between -3.74 and -27.50. Conclusion: To reduce the public health burden of depression, its prevention and treatment require more clinical and research attention than currently given by developing countries.
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    Profile comorbidity and impact of insomnia in the Ibadan
    (Elsevier Ltd., 2009) Gureje, O.; Kola, L.; Ademola, A.; Olley, B. O.
    Background: Little is known about factors that determine the QoL of elderly persons living in developing societies undergoing rapid social changes. Method: A representative sample of elderly Nigerians, aged 65 years and over (n= 2152), was assessed for QoL using the World Health Organization Quality of Life instrument (WHOQoLBref). Other than sociodemographic factors, respondents were also evaluated for major depressive disorder, physical conditions as well as for social network, support and engagement. Using linear regression modeling, these factors were explored for their ability to predict the physical, psychological, social and environmental domains of QoL. Results:Economic status was the most consistent predictor of the four domains of QoL, with the coefficients ranging between 1.0 and 1.68 (p < 0.001 in every instance). Among health variables, functional disability (range: 7.07 – 19.86) and self-rated overall health (range: 7.89 – 18. 42) were the most salient. Participation in community activities (range 7.74 – 17.48) was the most consistent social predictor. As a group, social factors, especially those relating to social support and participation, were the strongest determinants of QoL. Conclusion: Even though health factors are important, social factors, in particular those relating to the quality of social support and participation, are the most important predictors of QoL.