Browsing by Author "Adepoju, A."

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Are small-scale poultry farmers aware of aflatoxin contaminants in feed in oyo state, nigeria?
(2022) Adepoju, A.; Obi, U.; Jerumeh, E.
Aflatoxins, feed contaminants formed by certain moulds occur naturally as feed and food impurities and have toxic consequences on both animals and humans. Earlier studies on aflatoxins in Nigeria did not consider small-scale poultry farmers’ awareness of feed contamination. Thus, this study examined the level of awareness of aflatoxins in poultry feed and its determinants. Descriptive Statistics and the Logistic Regression Model were the analytical tools employed to analyse data collected from field survey in 2019. One-third of the farmers were aware of aflatoxins in feed which depicts that the level of awareness of aflatoxin in feed by the poultry farmers in the study area is low. Years of education, primary occupation, farm-scale, years of farming experience, access to information from research institutions, and membership in cooperative societies were among the key determinants of the awareness of aflatoxin in feed by the farmers. Efforts should be geared towards increasing the level of awareness of the farmers on the highly toxic contaminant even when fed to poultry at non-fatal levels. Agricultural information highlighting the detrimental consequences of aflatoxin on the health and productivity of poultry and how to minimize aflatoxin contamination in feed should be made more accessible to all farmers.
Correlates of food insecurity status of urban households in Ibadan metropolis, Oyo state, Nigeria
(2018) Adepoju, A.; Oyegoke, O.
Food insecurity is a daily reality for hundreds of millions of people around the world especially in sub-Saharan Africa. In Nigeria, the situation is alarming given the efforts made by independent, successive governments to achieve food security. This persistent food insecurity problem has been found to result mainly from unacceptably high levels of poverty, low priority for nutrition on the agenda of government and resulting poor funding. In addition, the high rate of urbanization in Nigeria has exacerbated the problem of urban food insecurity as urban dwellers contribute to an increasingly important share of the food insecure. In the light of this, the correlates of food insecurity of households in Ibadan Metropolis were examined using data collected from 150 representative households. Data obtained were analyzed employing descriptive statistics, food security index and the probit model. The estimated food insecurity line was 1948.82. Based on this, 29.3 percent of the households were classified as food insecure while 70.7 percent were classified as food secure. Econometric analysis revealed that asset ownership, tertiary educational status of the household head, household size and employment status of the household head were among the major determinants of household food insecurity in the study area. Efforts at improving urban food security should therefore take these factors into account. This could be through the targeting of vulnerable households for social protection measures that would strengthen their asset base among other measures.
Malaria prevalence and treatment seeking behaviour of young Nigerian adults
(African Medicine Society and Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria, 2006) Anumudu, C. I.; Adepoju, A.; Adediran, M.; Adeoye, O.; Kassim, A.; Oyewole, I.; Nwuba, R. I.
Background: Malaria is a cause of poverty in Africa, therefore its appropriate treatment and prevention is a key strategy for control. This study was designed to determine the preferred treatment and control methods adopted by young adults in an urban setting, and the presence and levels of antimalaria antibodies as an indication of exposure Method: During a high transmission period in Ibadan, questionnaires on malaria management and treatment practices were administered to 307 undergraduate science majors. Follow up questionnaires were also administered to some of the students. Microscopy was done to determine parasitaemia, and antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum MSP 1 were measured by ELISA Results: In this population, malaria prevalence was 17 % (19/109) and parasite burden was generally low. Anti malaria antibodies present in 93.6% of the volunteers confirmed malaria exposure. Analysis of data from questionnaires administered to the volunteers revealed that self treatment at home was common; approximately 25% of the volunteers self treated the initial symptoms at home and this included the use of herbal remedies. The use of multiple drug types to treat a single episode of malaria was common practice and chloroquine and maloxine (Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine) were most often used in treatment. The study showed that 97.5% of the respondents had malaria at least once in the preceding three months. There was no significant difference in malaria prevalence and antibody levels between those living on the university campus and non-residents. Conclusion: Most of the volunteers had been exposed to the malaria parasite during transmission, but did not translate into illness. This may be due to their knowledge of malaria transmission and prophylactic use of antimalaria medication. We show that many episodes of malaria are treated outside the formal health system.