Browsing by Author "Adeyemo, G. O."

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Calcium and phosphorus requirements of laying fowls in the warm wet climates
(1999) Adeyemo, G. O.; Oluyemi, J. A.; Omojola, A. B.
Comparative performance and haematological profile of cockerel chickens debeaked at varied length and at different ages
(Nigerian Society for Animal Production, 2017) Bolarinwa, M. O.; Adeyemo, G. O.; Awodele, O. A.
An experiment was conducted to determine the comparative performance of cockerel chickens debeaked at varied length and at different ages. One hundred and ninety-five cockerel birds were purchased from a reputable hatchery, brooded and randomly allotted into 4 treatments of three replicates and 15 birds per replicate. Treatment 1 (T1) served as the control which contained 15 birds that were allotted into 3 replicates without debeaking. At the 4th week, 45 birds were debeaked at varied degrees of debeaking to form treatments 2, 3 and 4 respectively as follows: T2- ½ of upper beak and ½ of lower beak debeaked using 5 birds per replicate and 3 replicates per treatment. T3- 1/3 of upper beak and ½ of lower beak debeaked using 5 birds per replicate and 3 replicates per treatment and T4- 1/3 of upper beak and ½ of lower beak were debeaked using 5 birds per replicate and 3 replicates per treatment as it was done in all other treatments. Also, the same procedures used for all the treatments, in the 4th week as demonstrated above were repeated in the sixth, eighth and tenth week of age respectively so as to reflect the treatment effect at different ages. Data collected include: initial and final weight, daily feed intake, body weight gain and of haematological parameters. Results showed that varied degrees of debeaking examined significantly affected (p< 0.05) all the performance parameters considered: body weight gain, FCR, heterophil/lymphocyte ratio etc. It was therefore concluded that farmers should imbibe the practice of cutting half of the upper beak and half of the lower beak or one third of the upper beak and half of the lower beak (T2) preferably at the earlier stages of the birds' life as they gave better values for the performance parameters considered.
Dietary effect of different drying methods and graded inclusion levels of ginger (zingiber officinale) on the perfonnance and gut morphology of broilers
(Sciencedomain International, 2016) Adeyemo, G. O.; Ogunshote, E. O.; Longe, O. G.
The experimental design was a 3 by 3 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design. Three hundred broilers were used for the experiment; they were randomly allotted to the ten dietary treatments with 5 replicates per treatment and 6 birds per replicate. The birds were weighed weekly to determine their weight gain, body weight and feed conversion ratio. Thirty finisher birds were sacrificed and the ileum and duodenum removed for gut histo-morphometry. Results showed that drying methods influenced performance. This was observed for the average body weight gained per bird per day while the effect of the inclusion level was observed on the feed conversion ratio. Factor interaction was observed for weight gained/bird per day and feed conversion ratio. However, only numerical differences were observed for average final body weight/bird and average feed intake /bird/day. Duodenal and ilea, villous height showed significant effect (P<0.05) of drying method, inclusion levels and treatment interaction with the control having the highest mean values. It can be concluded that supplementing broiler feed with air-dried ginger at 1.5% inclusion level can be effective as it led to an increase in the final body weight, average body weight gained per day per bird and average feed intake. No effect of drying methods and inclusion levels were observed for the histo-morphometry.
Economy of broiler production as influenced by stocking density, protein and energy levels, and season
(2018) Ademulegun, T. I.; Adeyemo, G. O.
This study was carried out to assess the effect of stocking density, protein and energy levels, and season on the economy of broiler production. In a 6x3x2 factorial arrangement using completely randomized design, six diets with three metabolisable energy (ME kcal;/kg) and two crude protein(%) levels combination: 3106.00 and 23.00 (control, diet 1); 3112.00 and 21.70 (Diet 2); 2928.00 and 23.40(Diet 3); 2933.00 and 21.90(Diet 4); 3227.00 and 23.10(Diet 5); 3230.00 and 21.80 (Diet 6), were formulated. Three stocking densities (birds per m2):10, Low SD (LSD); 12, Recommended SD(RSD); and 14, High SD (HSD), were used in Late Wet Season (LWS), August-November) and Late Dry Season(LDS, February-April). In a seven-week feeding trial, 576 one-week old broilers were assigned to the respective diets and stocking densities, at 32 birds per treatment, in each season. Live weight per m2 (LW/m2, kg), Feed cost per live weight (FC/LW, kg), Gross margin/m2 (GM/m2, N Total Variable Cost/m2 (TVC/m2), were assessed. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at α0.06.The LW/m2 was highest (p>0.05) for birds on HSD in both seasons. Birds on diet 4 had highest LW/m2 and lower FC/LW during LWS, while those on diet 1 had highest LW/m2 and lower FC/W during LDS. Birds raised on HSD had highest LW/m2 during both seasons, while those raised during LDS had highest Gm/m2. Late dry season (LDS), RSD&HSD had higher Gm/m2. Total Variable Cost was highest for LWS at HSD and least for LDS at LSD. Broiler production is more profitable during late dry season at stocking 14 birds/m2 with diet containing 3106 MEkcal/kg and 23.0% crude protein.
Effect of Ad-libitum, split and restricted feeding on performance, digestibility and welfare of broiler chicken
(Sciencedomain International, 2017) Adeyemo, G. O.; Badmus, R. T.; Longe, O. G.; Ologhobo, A. D.
An experiment was conducted to assess the performance, welfare and digestibility of broilers fed varying forms of feeding regimes. The objective of this work research was investigate the possibility of improving growth performances, digestibility and welfare of broilers using ad libitum, split and restricted feeding. Formulated diet was given in four different forms Ad-libitum (Treatment 1) twice a day meal/split feeding (Treatment 2) thrice a day feeding (Treatment 3) 3 hours restriction feeding (Treatment 4). Experimental design was completely randomized design. 240 broilers were randomly allotted to four treatments with 6 replicates and 10 birds per replicate. Birds were weighed weekly to evaluate their performances, faeces was collected on day 42, to determine digestibility and rectal temperature was taken as a measure of bird's wellbeing. Results showed that there were no significant differences (p≥ 0.05) in performance of birds across treatments but values from birds fed Ad-libitum were higher. Rectal temperature (RT) differ at week 4, birds fed 3 hours restricted feeding had the highest RT (41.62°C) while the least RT were from birds fed Ad-libitum (41.20°C). Significant differences were obtained in digestibility and nutrient utilization of broilers with respect to feeding regimes. Crude protein (CP) digestibility was significantly higher in birds fed 3 hours restriction (81.91%) while birds fed Ad-libitum had the least (46.76%). The digestibility of crude fibre was higher in birds fed 3 hours restricted feeding regime (86.77%) the least was from birds fed thrice a day feeding regime (62.66%). A similar trend was obtained for digestibility of gross energy. Ad-libitum feeding had the highest non-significant performance values but split feeding optimized feed and nutrient utilization thereby enhancing performance and minimizing nutrient waste at the same time.
Effect of dietary biscuit waste on performance and carcass characteristics of broilers
(Scientific Research, 2013) Adeyemo, G. O.; Oni O. R.; Longe, O.G.
A study was conducted for 8 weeks to investigate the effect of dietary biscuit waste (BW) replacing maize (M) on performance and carcass characteristic of broilers. A total of 175 day old marshal broiler chicks were used for this study. They were completely randomized and divided into five treatments. Each treatment had five replicates of seven birds per replicate. Five experimental diets were formulated as follows; A: (100%M: 0%BW), B: (75% M: 25%BW), C: (50%M: 50%BW), D: (25%M: 75%BW), E: (0%M: 100%BW) at both starter and finisher phases. Performance indices measured were feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio. The feed intake (F.I.) was affected with increasing level of biscuit waste. There were significant differences (p<0.05) across the treatments with treatment A having the highest value of 2.92kg for F.I and treatment E having the least value of 2.51kg while treatments B, C and D followed the same trend having the following values of 2.73kg, 2.70kg and 2.61kg respectively. Average weight gain showed that there were no significant differences (p>0.05) across the treatments, the values obtained were 1.13kg, 1.09kg, 1.10kg, 1.12kg and 1.10kg for treatments A, B, C, D and E respectively. Feed conversion ratio showed significant differences (p˂0.05) as birds in treatments C, D and E recorded lower values of 2.47%, 2.37% and 2.33% respectively while birds on treatment A had highest value of 2.60%. The carcass weights expressed as percentages of live weights (LW) did not show any significant differences (p>0.05). The result for breast weights showed significant differences (p˂0.05) as birds on treatments four (25% M: 75% (BW) and five (0%M: 100% BW) had lower values of 10.05% (LW) and 11.20% (LW) respectively. Surprisingly, birds on treatment two (75% M 25% BW) had the highest breast meat value of 16.75%. The percentage organ weights showed no significant differences (p>0.05) between liver, heart and spleen but the gizzard weights were significantly different among the treatments with the control having the highest value of 2.88% (LW). It was concluded that biscuit waste could be used as feed for broilers up to 50% replacement levels for maize at the starter and finisher phases without compromising performance and carcass value of broilers.
Effect of dietary inclusion of ginger (zingiber officinale) dried with different methods on perfonnance and gut microbial population of broiler chicks
(Sciencedomain International, 2016) Adeyemo, G. O.; Olowookere, I. J.; Longe, O. G.
Effect of dietary inclusion of differently processed ginger on performance and microbial population of broiler chicks were investigated in a 52-days feeding trial. A total of three hundred one-day old (arbor acre) broiler chicks were used for the experiment, the birds were allotted into ten dietary treatments of five replicates and six birds per replicate in a 3x3 factorial arrangement of completely randomized design. Weights of the birds were taken weekly throughout the experimental period. Birds were fed ad-libitum such that diet 1 was the basal diet (BD) without ginger, diets 2, 3 and 4 were BD+ sundried ginger at 1, 1.5, 2% inclusion levels respectively, diets 5, 6 and 7 were BD+ air- dried ginger at 1, 1.5 and 2% inclusion levels respectively, diets 8, 9 and 10 were BD+ oven-dried ginger at 1, 1.5 and 2% inclusion level respectively. On day 52 of the experiment, the birds were slaughtered. Sections of the ileum was cut and aseptically emptied into a sterile bottle for microbial analysis. Broilers fed diets containing ginger had no significant (P> 0.05) differences on the average initial body weight, average final body weight and average daily feed intake. Although the birds fed with diet containing oven-dried ginger at 2% inclusion level had the least (P>0.05) numerical difference of the average daily feed intake. The average body weight gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were not significant across the dietary treatments. Birds fed diet without ginger had higher body weight gain and best feed conversion ratio (P<0.05). The total Aerobic and coliform microbial counts of broilers were not significantly (P>0.05) affected by the dietary treatments. Although the total aerobic microbial count was reduced in birds fed diets containing ginger when compared with the control.
Effect of different feeding patterns on carcass characteristics and primal cuts of broilers chickens
(Sciencedomain International, 2017) Adeyemo, G. O.; Badmus, R. T.
An experiment was conducted to assess carcass characteristics and offals of broilers fed on varying forms of feeding regimes. 240, 1-day old broiler chicks-were randomly allotted to four feeding regimes each in 6 replicates of 10 birds per replicate designated as treatments as follows: ad libitum, twice a day split feeding, thrice a day split feeding and 3 hours restriction feeding. Birds were slaughtered on day 42 to determine the relative weights of the primal cuts and visceral organs. Significant differences (P<0.05) were obtained on carcass parameters' measured. Birds on ad libitum feeding had the highest bled (87.6), dressed (61.9), eviscerated (67.0) and de-feathered weights (82.5%) while the least values were obtained from birds fed thrice a day, though the values were not significantly different (P>0.05) from those of birds on twice a day split feeding regime. Birds fed ad-libitum had the highest drumstick weight (8.84%) and wing percentages (6.73%). The neck percentages were 4.47, 4.22, 3.04 and 2.84 for ad-libitum, twice a day, 3 hour restriction and thrice a day feeding respectively. Liver, abdominal and crop weights were similar (P>0.05) for ad libitum and twice feeding regime but were different (P<0.05) from thrice and restricted feeding regime. Broilers on ad libitum and twice a day feeding regimes gave the best results for carcass, primal cuts and organ weights measured.
The effect of Neem and pawpaw leaves supplementation on blood profile of broilers
(Scientific Research, 2012) Akaninu, M.A.; Adeyemo, G. O.
A total of 300 fourteen day old broilers were randomly divided into 4 treatments and replicated 5 times under completely randomized design to make 75 birds per treatment and 15 birds per replicate. Neem leaf meal (NLM) and pawpaw leaf meal (PLM) were prepared by air drying for 10 days. The birds were assigned to different treatment diets supplemented with the leaf meals and prepared as follows; T1 (0% NLM + PLM), T2 (0.5% NLM + PLM), T3 (1% NLM + PLM) and T4 (2% NLM + PLM). Except for packed cell volume (PVC), monophils, cosinophils and platelets, there were significant (P<0.05) differences in white blood cell (WBC), lymphocyte, haemoglobin (Hb) heterophils of birds on the treatment diets compared with the control. While total serum protein (TSP) and globulin in the control recorded significant (P<0.05) lower values compared with treatment 2, 3 and 4. Albumin, cholesterol, Aspertate, Transaminase (AST), Alanine Transaminace (ALT), Alanine phosphatase (ALP) showed no significant (P>0.05) differences.
Effect of stocking density on the perfonnance, carcass yield and meat composition of broiler chickens
(Sciencedomain International, 2016) Adeyemo, G. O.; Fashola, O. O.; Ademulegun, T. I.
Broiler chickens require adequate feed intake and uninterrupted emission of heat for intensive growth. An eight-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of stocking density on performance, carcass yield and meat composition of broilers. A total of 240 one-day old Arbor acre broiler chicks were randomly allocated to three stocking densities: Lower stocking density (LSD) of 10 birds/m2; Recommended stocking density (RSD) of 12 birds/m2; and Higher stocking density (HSD) of 14 birds/m2 respectively, with 4 replicates each having 20 birds per replicate. Feed and water were supplied ad libitum. Final live weight(FLW); Feed intake(FI); Feed conversion ratio(FCR); Mortality(%); Dressed weight(%); Prima cuts(%); Abdominal fat(%) and meat composition were assessed. Data were subjected to descriptive statistics and ANOVA °°=0.05. Birds on HSD had numerically higher FLW (2262.80 g), better FCR (2.08) that was similar to that of LSD (2.07) and significantly lower mortality (0.00%). The values of the prime cuts (thigh, drumstick and breast), abdominal fat and meat protein were similar between birds on LSD and HSD. Up to stocking density 14birds/m2 broiler chickens' performance and carcass characteristics were not negatively affected.
Effect of stocking density on the welfare, haematology and serum biochemical indices of broiler chickens
(Society of Animal Science, Department of Livestock & Avian Science, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, 2011) Adeyemo, G. O.; Fashola, O. O.; Ademulegun, T. I.
Influence of stocking density on welfare parameters (Litter temperature and moisture, microbial load, Gait score), haematology and serum biochemical indices (as indicators of condition of stress) on broilers was studied in an eight week feeding trial. A total of 240 one- day old Arbor acre broiler chicks were randomly allotted to three treatments (stocking densities) with 4 replicates each having 20 birds per replicate. The stocking densities rates were 10birds/m2, 12birds/m2 and 14 birds/ m2 respectively. Data obtained were subjected to one way analysis of variance. Serum biochemical indices and microbial load were not significantly (p>0.05) influenced by the treatments. A fraction of haematology, the haemoglobin (Hb) and eosinophil (Eos) were significantly (p<0.05) influenced by different stocking densities. Microbial toad, Utter moisture and temperature increased linearly with increasing stocking density across the treatments. Blood profile of the broiler chickens indicated no negative effect of stocking density except on Hb and Eos which reflected the packed condition of the birds. In conclusion, stocking density of 10birds/m2 can be recommended as birds fared best under this treatment.
Effect of water electrolyte supplementation on perfonnance, serum and haematological indices of broiler chickens under heat-stressed condition
(Animal Science Association of Nigeria, 2018) Adeyemo, G. O.; Sulaiman, A. K.; Tanimowo, D. A.; Longe, O. G.
In a study to assess the effect of electrolyte supplementation on performance of broiler chicken, 192 day- old Abor Acre broiler chicks were randomly allotted to 4 treatments: T1 - un-supplemented water, T2 - 0.5% NaCI, T3 - 0.5% KCI and T4 - 0.5% NaHCO3, with 6 replicates each in a completely randomized design. Initial weight, final weight, weight gain, feed intake were recorded and feed conversion computed. Mortality was recorded when observed. Ambient temperature and relative humidity were monitored daily. At the end of day 28, rectal temperature of each bird was recorded weekly for 3 weeks using a digital thermometer. At day 42, blood (5mls) was collected for haematological indices and plasma separated for the determination of Cl, Na, K, Ca, P, Mg, HCO3. Data obtained were analyzed and means separation determined by least significant differences (p<0.05) using the SAS Institute statistical software. Under heat stress, 0.5% KCI and 0.5%NaCI supplementation in water reduced rectal temperature, increased body weight, improved FCR, and reduced blood pH. Electrolyte supplementation also influenced red blood cell count as well as serum levels of sodium, potassium and bicarbonate. Supplementing KCI and NaCI in drinking water may be a means to improve productivity of broiler under high temperature and humidity conditions.
Effects of stocking density and season on growth performance and welfare of broiler chickens in Ibadan, Nigeria
(2017) Ademulegun, T. I..; Adeyemo, G. O.; Salako, A. E.
The study was carried out to investigate the effects of season and stocking density on the growth performance and welfare of broiler chickens in Ibadan, Nigeria. In a seven-week feeding trial, a total of 96 one-week old Arbor Acre broiler chickens were randomly distributed to three stocking densities (birds/m2) of 10, 12, and 14 at the rate of 32 birds per stocking density (SD) during each season; Late Wet (LWS) and Late Dry (LDS). Total Feed Intake (TFI, g), Final Live Weight (FLW, g), Feed Conversion Rate (FCR), Live weight/m2(LW/m2), Normal Gait Score(NGS,%), Survival Rate(SR %), Heterophil: Lymphocyte(H:L) ratio, were assessed. Data were subjected to statistics analysis (ANOVA at α0.05). Birds raised during LWS had higher TFI (4756.60) than LDS birds, while SD had no effect on TFI. Birds on SD of 14 birds/m2 had lower FLW. The FCR was lower during LDS and on SD 10 and 12 Birds/m2. The LW/m2 was higher in birds on SD 14birds/m2. The LWS had higher NGS and lower H:L ratio. Season and SD had no effect on SR. The NGS and H:L were not affected by SD. Broiler chickens could be raised at stocking density of 14birds/m2 during either of the seasons.
Effects of stocking density, energy and protein content on perfonnance of broiler chickens raised during late wet season
(Integrity Research Journals, 2016-05) Ademulegun, T. I.; Adeyemo, G. O.
A 56-day feeding trial to investigate the effects of stocking density, energy and protein content on performance of broiler chickens during late wet season was carried out. In a 3 x 2 x 3 factorial arrangement using completely randomized design, six diets with three energy and two crude protein levels were formulated. Three stocking densities (birds/m2) of 10, 12 and 14 were used. A total of 576 one-week old Arbor Acre broilers chickens were assigned to the respective diets and stocking density, at 32 birds per treatment. Weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, survival rate, carcass yield, live weight/m2 and feed cost / live weight were assessed. Data were analyzed, using descriptive statistics and ANOVA α0.05. Energy x crude protein x stocking density interaction affects the feed intake (p<0.05) and the highest value was obtained using diet with low energy and crude protein levels. Treatment did not affect (p>0.05) survival rate, however, stocking density at 12 birds/m2 resulted in the best values (p<0.05) of weight gain (2230.71g) and feed conversion ratio (2.10) and the use of diets with lower crude protein and energy increased (p<0.05) the weight gain (2312.42g). The carcass yield was affected (p<0.05) by the interaction of energy x crude protein x stocking density, (p<0.05) with the lowest value (67.33%) found with birds raised on stocking density, 10 birds/m2 and diets with low crude protein and recommended energy. The lowest feed cost/live weight (p<0.05) was observed with stocking density at 12 birds/m2. Broiler chickens may be economically raised at stocking density 12 birds/m2 and on diet containing 2933kcal/kg ME with 21.92% crude protein for starter phase and 3095 kcal/kg ME and 19.14% crude protein for finishers during late wet season in Nigeria.
Evaluation of the effects of variation in ingredient composition on the eating qualities of suya.
(2004) Omojola, A. B.; Kassim, O. R.; Adewumi, M. K; Ogunsola, O. O; Adeyemo, G. O.; Adeshiyan A. B.
The semimembrenous muscle from singed beef carcass was trimmed of all visible bones andn connective tissue. The meat was sliced into thin sheet of 0.15- 0.3cm thick and between 5.0 - 9.0 cm long. The experiment comprised of five treatments. Treatment one (T1) In served as the control, with all ingredients present while ginger, red pepper, curry and white pepper were absent in T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively. A total of 30 sticks of suya with an average weight of 34.92 + 5.03gram of meat per stick were prepared for each treatment. The stick meat was properly coated with each respective ingredient mixture. The coated stick meat was roasted on a glowing, smokeless fire for 30 minutes with regular turning of the product. The result of the study showed that the least product yield was recorded where the percent loss was highest (P<0.05) in treatment four (T4). The taste panel score revealed that apart from hotness (pungency) which was dependent (P<0.05) on the presence of red pepper (Capsicum fructescens) all other eating qualities such as flavor, tenderness, juiciness and overall acceptability were not affected (P>0.05) by the absence of any of the four spices under investigation.
Foraging behaviour responses in the African giant land snail achatina achatina
(2011) Ebenso, I. E.; Adeyemo, G. O.
The study was carried out to determine the conditioning procedure of tentacle lowering to determine foraging behavior responses in Achatina achatina. Snails were exposed to unripe fruit odour of pawpaw and pear as conditioned stimuli (CS), while they ingested carrot as a unconditioned stimulus (US). There were 4 treatments of 10 snails each replicated 3 times. During experimentation (conditioning), all snails ate carrot as US, but exposed to the odour of carrot in control treatment (T1); pawpaw in T2; pear in T3; pair of pawpaw and pear in T4 as CS respectively. Responses were data of posterior tentacle lowering. Results indicated T1 with highest tentacle lowering; T2 indicated an acquisition effect; T3 indicated latent inhibition effect; T4 indicated over shadowing effect between paired odour. The A. achatina demonstrated at least 7 days of odour memory retention. The immediate significance of this study is that snail farmers should feed their stock with a diet in which snails will develop habituation and hence optimal performance.
Growth performance and internal organs morphology of broiler chickens fed kenaf seed meal
(National Animal Production Research Institute, Zaria, Nigeria, 2017) Adeyemo, G. O.; Bamigboye, O. A.; Idahor, K. O.
Kenaf seed meal is a potential feed ingredient in poultry nutrition but little is known about its utilization in broiler diets. This study was carried out to examine the organ weights and intestinal morphology of broilers fed kenaf seed meal in combination with soya bean meal. Two hundred and forty birds were allotted to five treatments replicated six times with eight birds per replicate. The proximate composition of kenaf seed meal was determined, the broilers weight and feed intake were monitored. At six weeks of age, two birds were sacrificed per replicate and vital organs were carefully collected and weighed. Also, the villi width, height and crypt depth were measured. The results of the study show that kenaf seed meal was rich in crude protein (28%), gross energy (3,929Kca/Kg) and crude fibre (3.6%). It was observed that duodenal villi were more influenced than the ileal villi. Hence, the test diet was seemingly more absorbed in the duodenum region than in the ileum, suggesting effective nutrients utilization if offered at safe level.
Gut morphology and internal organs of broiler birds fed graded levels of bio-detheobrominized cocoa bean shell (CBS) based diets
(Science Domain International, 2015) Adeyemo, G. O.; Ajayi, A. O; Longe O. G; Olubamiwa, O.
"The effects of feeding graded levels of bio-detheobrominized cocoa bean shell (CBS) based diets were studied in broilers. Detheobromination by fungi fermentation (bio-detheobromination) reduces the methylxanthine contents cocoa by-products when fermented with Aspergillus niger. 196 day old broiler chicks were used for the experiment in an eight week feeding trial. There were seven dietary treatments containing graded levels of CBS from 0 to 30% at the expense of maize and soyabean meal. The control group had no CBS in its diet. Parameters measured include feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, carcass characteristics and gut morphology. The results showed that total feed intake, average body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, weight of internal organs and gut morphology were significantly (pË‚0.05) different across dietary treatments while the carcass characteristics did not show any significant (p>0.05) difference. The result of the study revealed that there was a significant reduction in the weight gain and feed efficiency of the broilers fed CBS based diets as the level of dietary CBS increased beyond 10%. However, the duodenum villous height and crypt depths increased significantly as the level of CBS increased in the diets. It therefore suggested that the amount/quantity of anti-nutrients such as theobromine and tannins in the CBS based diets beyond 10% inclusion locked up essential nutrients thereby impairing their bio-availability and overall growth of the birds. Thus, additional research is needed to find further techniques of processing CBS so that its anti-nutrients could be further reduced for optimium use in broiler nutrition."
Haematological and Serum Biochemical response of broiler chicks fed diets containing ginger (zingiber officinale) from different processing methods
(Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, University of Ibadan, 2015-07) Adeyemo, G. O.; Olowookere, I. J.; Longe, O. G.
An experiment was conducted with 300 one day old (arbor acre) broilers to assess their haematological and serum biochemical response when fed ad-libitum varying levels of dietary ginger from different processing methods. Ten dietary treatments were formulated such that diet 1 was the basal diet (BD) without ginger, diets 2, 3 and 4 were BD+ sundried ginger at 1, 1.5, 2% inclusion levels respectively, diets 5, 6 and 7 were BD+ air-dried ginger at 1, 1.5 and 2% inclusion levels respectively, diets 8, 9 and 10 were BD+ oven-dried ginger at 1, 1.5 and 2% inclusion level respectively. On day 52 of the experiment, blood samples were collected from the wing vein of the birds for haematological and serum biochemical evaluation. Dietary treatments had no significant differences on haematological parameters, except for the packed cell volume (PCV) and monocytes which were significantly P<0.05 influenced by the dietary treatment. Broilers fed with diet containing sun-dried ginger at 1.5% inclusion level had the highest PCV value and monocyte value. The serum biochemical indices were not significantly P>0.05 affected by the dietary treatments. However, the total cholesterol was reduced across the diets that contained ginger when compared with the control.
Influence of varying energy and protein levels on the performance and feed cost of broiler chickens
(2015) Adeyemo, G. O.; Madamidola, M. T.; Ademulegun, T. I.
The influence of varying energy and protein levels on performance, carcass evaluation and gut morphology of broiler chickens were investigated in a 56-day feeding trial. A total of 192 one-day old Arbor acre broiler chickens were fed 6 diets at the starter and finisher phases. The diets were Recommended Energy-Recommended Protein (RERP, control), Recommended Energy-Lower Protein (RELP), Lower Energy-Recommended Protein (LERP), Lower Energy-Lower Protein (LELP), Higher Energy-Recommended Protein (HERP) and Higher Energy-Lower Protein (HELP). Birds were fed ad-libitum for 8 weeks and weighed weekly to determine their performance. Final body weight, average body weight gain and feed intake were recorded while the feed conversion ratios were determined. Feed cost in Naira (N) per kilogramme/diet for the six diets were determined. No significant (P>0.05) differences were recorded in the final body weight, average body weight gain and feed intake. Although, HERP and HELP diets enhanced these parameters. Feed conversion ratio were significantly (P<0.05) lowest in birds fed HERP and HELP diets. Birds on these treatments utilized their feed efficiently. Feed cost were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by varying energy and protein in diets. Feed cost increased with increased energy level. Diets with LELP had the least feed cost. In conclusion, feeding broilers with HERP and/or HELP gave better performance with an increased feed cost. However, lowering energy and protein in broiler diets will reduce feed cost at the expense of the bird's performance.