Browsing by Author "Afolayan, A. J."

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Phytochemical composition and antioxidant activities of Dianthus Thunbergii Hooper and Hypoxis Argentea Harv Ex Baker: Plants used for the management of Diabetes Mellitus in Eastern Cape, South Africa
(SAGE Publications Ltd, 2018) Akinleye, S. A.; Afolayan, A. J.; Bradley, G. B.
Background: Inhabitants of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa use the roots of Dianthus thunbergii and corms of Hypoxis argentea to treat diabetes mellitus and other ailments. Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the phytochemical composition and antioxidant activities of the aqueous and ethanol extracts of the roots and corms of two plants. Materials and Methods: Total phenolics, flavonoids, flavonols, proanthocyanidins, tannins, and alkaloids were determined by standard methods. The scavenging activities of the extracts against 1,1 diphenyl 2 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2’ azino bis (3 ethylbenthiazoline 6 sulfonic acid (ABTS), nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ), and their ferric reducing antioxidant potentials (FRAPs) were measured. Results: The ethanol extract of H. argentea had the highest content of phenolics (66.71 ± 2.71 mg gallic acid equivalent/g) and tannins (1.18 ± 0.07 mg TAE/g), while the ethanol extract of D. thunbergii gave higher contents of flavonoids and proanthocyanidins (62.21 ± 1.75 mg Qe/g and 432.62 ± 2.43 mg Ca/g, respectively). Flavonols were the most predominant in the aqueous extract of H. argentea (25.51 ± 1.92 mg Qe/g). We observed a concentration dependent response in the ABTS and H2 O2 scavenging activities and FRAP values of the extracts and standards (Vitamin C, butylated hydroxytoluene, and rutin). The ethanol extracts of both plants generally demonstrated better antioxidant activities against H2O2 , NO, and ABTS while also possessing better reducing power than the aqueous extracts. The aqueous extract of D. thunbergii, however, showed the best DPPH scavenging activity. Conclusion: The higher content of phytochemicals and antioxidant capacity obtained for the ethanol extracts of D. thunbergii and H. argentea may prove to be valuable information in selecting suitable extraction solvents for the medicinal applications of both plants.
Phytochemical composition and antioxidant activities of Dianthus Thunbergii Hooper and Hypoxis Argentea Harv Ex Baker: Plants used for the management of Diabetes Mellitus in Eastern Cape, South Africa
(SAGE Publications Ltd, 2018) Akinleye, S. A.; Afolayan, A. J.; Bradley, G. B.
Background: Inhabitants of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa use the roots of Dianthus thunbergii and corms of Hypoxis argentea to treat diabetes mellitus and other ailments. Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the phytochemical composition and antioxidant activities of the aqueous and ethanol extracts of the roots and corms of two plants. Materials and Methods: Total phenolics, flavonoids, flavonols, proanthocyanidins, tannins, and alkaloids were determined by standard methods. The scavenging activities of the extracts against 1,1 diphenyl 2 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2’ azino bis (3 ethylbenthiazoline 6 sulfonic acid (ABTS), nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ), and their ferric reducing antioxidant potentials (FRAPs) were measured. Results: The ethanol extract of H. argentea had the highest content of phenolics (66.71 ± 2.71 mg gallic acid equivalent/g) and tannins (1.18 ± 0.07 mg TAE/g), while the ethanol extract of D. thunbergii gave higher contents of flavonoids and proanthocyanidins (62.21 ± 1.75 mg Qe/g and 432.62 ± 2.43 mg Ca/g, respectively). Flavonols were the most predominant in the aqueous extract of H. argentea (25.51 ± 1.92 mg Qe/g). We observed a concentration dependent response in the ABTS and H2 O2 scavenging activities and FRAP values of the extracts and standards (Vitamin C, butylated hydroxytoluene, and rutin). The ethanol extracts of both plants generally demonstrated better antioxidant activities against H2O2 , NO, and ABTS while also possessing better reducing power than the aqueous extracts. The aqueous extract of D. thunbergii, however, showed the best DPPH scavenging activity. Conclusion: The higher content of phytochemicals and antioxidant capacity obtained for the ethanol extracts of D. thunbergii and H. argentea may prove to be valuable information in selecting suitable extraction solvents for the medicinal applications of both plants.
Phytochemical composition and antioxidant activities of dianthus Thunbergii hooper and Hypoxis argentea harv ex baker: plants used for the management of diabetes mellitus in eastern cape, South Africa
(Wolters Kluwer - Medknow, 2018) Akinrinde, A. S.; Afolayan, A. J.; Bradley, G.
Background: Inhabitants of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa use the roots of Dianthus thunbergii and corms of Hypoxis argentea to treat diabetes mellitus and other ailments. Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the phytochemical composition and antioxidant activities of the aqueous and ethanol extracts of the roots and corms of two plants. Materials and Methods: Total phenolics, flavonoids, flavonols, proanthocyanidins, tannins, and alkaloids were determined by standard methods. The scavenging activities of the extracts against 1,1 diphenyl‑2‑picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2’‑azino‑bis (3‑ethylbenthiazoline‑6‑sulfonic acid (ABTS), nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and their ferric‑reducing antioxidant potentials (FRAPs) were measured. Results: The ethanol extract of H. argentea had the highest content of phenolics (66.71 } 2.71 mg gallic acid equivalent/g) and tannins (1.18 } 0.07 mg TAE/g), while the ethanol extract of D. thunbergii gave higher contents of flavonoids and proanthocyanidins (62.21 } 1.75 mg Qe/g and 432.62 } 2.43 mg Ca/g, respectively). Flavonols were the most predominant in the aqueous extract of H. argentea (25.51 } 1.92 mg Qe/g). We observed a concentration‑dependent response in the ABTS‑ and H2O2‑scavenging activities and FRAP values of the extracts and standards (Vitamin C, butylated hydroxytoluene, and rutin). The ethanol extracts of both plants generally demonstrated better antioxidant activities against H2O2, NO, and ABTS while also possessing better reducing power than the aqueous extracts. The aqueous extract of D. thunbergii, however, showed the best DPPH scavenging activity. Conclusion: The higher content of phytochemicals and antioxidant capacity obtained for the ethanol extracts of D. thunbergii and H. argentea may prove to be valuable information in selecting suitable extraction solvents for the medicinal applications of both plants.
Phytochkmical profiling antioxidant activities and essential oil, constituents of Androgkaphis Paniculata
(Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, 2018) Adeoye, B. Q.; Akinrinde, A. S.; Oyagbemi, A. A.; Omobowale, T. O.; Afolayan, A. J.; Adedapo, A. A.
Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases which lead to urgent- need to investigate new, safe and effective source of antioxidant agents. This research proposed to investigate in-vitro and phytochemical constituent of the plant Ancirographis paniculatei using phytochemical analysis, GC/MS, DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and NO. Phytochemica! analysis of Anclrographis paniculata revealed the presence of tannins, total fiavonoids, total phenol, total flavonols, and total proanthocyanidins. GC/MS analysis of essential oil of AP identified one major compound name benzencpropanoic acid clucked at 3.296 retention time and 0,74 area percentage. The ferric reducing potential of the extracts was concentration dependent and significantly different from that of rutin and vitamin E. The% inhibition ofABTS by the ethanol leaf extract o?A nclrographis paniculata was concentration dependent and compared favourably well with the rutin and vitamin E, in DPPH scavenging assays, the ICy50 value of the ethanol leaf extract of Andrographis paniculata was < 0.025 mg/ml, while IC50 of rutin and Vitamin E were < 0.025 mg/ml and 0.68mg/ml. Nitric oxide ICS, for extract is 1,05mg/ml, Vitamin E is 1.2 mg/ml, and rutin is < 0.025 mg/ml. The present study showed high level of radical scavenging activity by ethanol leaf .extract of Andrographis paniculata with higher antioxidant activities than Vitamin E but less than that of rutin. This show that Andrographis paniculata has antioxidant properties and the plant could be used in the prevention and treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress.
Terpenoid profiles of the essential oils from the underground parts of Dianthus thunbergii S.S. Hooper and Hypoxis argentea Harv ex Baker as affected by pre-distillation drying
(International Academy of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2024) Akinrinde, A. S.; Afolayan, A. J.; Bradley, G.
The roots of Dianthus thunbergii and corms of Hypoxis argentea are commonly used in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa for various medicinal purposes, although their effectiveness as fresh or dried forms is often a subject of debate. The compositions of the volatile oils from the underground parts of these plants were analyzed for the first time by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The yields of the essential oil fractions from fresh and oven-dried plant parts varied from 0.42-0.72%. The terpenoid composition of D. thunbergii oils were dominated by α-pinene and β-selinene, although overall terpenoid content decreased from 77.17% in fresh roots to 47.58% in the dried roots. H. argentea corm oils were dominated by alkanes, amides and amino acids, while total terpenoid content of the oils from fresh and dried corms were 10.85% and 3.45%, respectively. Generally, pre-distillation drying of the underground parts of both plants produced significant reductions in the terpenoid composition of the volatile oils, suggesting that drying may considerably reduce their medicinal potentials.