Browsing by Author "Aina, O. O."

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Design of cissus–alginate microbeads revealing mucoprotection properties in anti-inflammatory therapy
(Elsevier B.V., 2015) Okunlola, A.; Odeku, O. A.; Lamprech, A.; Oyagbemi, A. A.; Oridupa, O. A.; Aina, O. O.
Cissus gum has been employed as polymer with sodium alginate in the formulation of diclofenac microbeads and the in vivo mucoprotective properties of the polymer in anti-inflammatory therapy assessed in rats with carrageenan-induced paw edema in comparison to diclofenac powder and commercial diclofenac tablet. A full 23 factorial experimental design has been used to investigate the influence of concentration of cissus gum (X1); concentration of calcium acetate (X2) and stirring speed (X3) on properties of the microbeads. Optimized small discrete microbeads with size of 1.22 ± 0.10 mm, entrapment efficiency of 84.6% and t80 of 15.2 ± 3.5 h were obtained at ratio of cissus gum:alginate (1:1), low concentration of calcium acetate (5% w/v) and high stirring speed (400 rpm). In vivo studies showed that the ranking of percent inhibition of inflammation after 3 h was diclofenac powder > commercial tablet = cissus > alginate. Histological damage score and parietal cell density were lower while crypt depthand mucosal width were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the groups administered with the diclofenac microbeads than those administered with diclofenac powder and commercial tablet, suggesting the mucoprotective property of the gum. Thus, cissus gum could be suitable as polymer in the formulation of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ensuring sustained release while reducing gastric side effects.
Evaluation of mucoadhesive properties of native and modified starches of the root tubers of cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium)
(2011-09) Odeniyi, M. A.; Atolagbe, F. M.; Aina, O. O.; Adetunji, O.A.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bioadhesive properties of native and modified cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) starches. The methods of modification were by pregelatinisation and acetylation. The starch particles were evaluated for characteristics like particle size, swelling ability, viscosity, and mucoadhesion. The mucoadhesive evaluation of the starches were done using the rotating cylinder methods in 0.1M HCl and Phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) to simulate the stomach and small intestine respectively. The mechanical properties of the compacted starches were determined using friability and crushing strength.The particles so prepared had irregular shape size ranged from 9.38 to 10.67mm. Mucoadhesion time was in the order Acetylated>Native>Pregelatinised starch in 0.1M HCl and Pregelatinised>Native>Acetylated starch in pH 6.8 Phosphate buffer. None of the severe signs such as appearance of epithelial necrosis, sloughing of epithelial cells were observed in ileum sections. The work concludes that modified cocoyam starches could be useful in targeted mucoadhesive drug delivery.
In utero exposure to bisphenol A alters prostatic responses in adult male rats: Protective effects of melatonin
(PCJHBA, 2020) Olukole S. G.; Aina, O. O.; Lanipekun, D. O.; Olaogun, S. C.; Ola-Davies, O. E.; Adeleke, R. A.; Ogundipe, G. A. T.; Oke, B. O.
Exposure to bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC), has been shown to result in a number of reproductive dysfunction. Melatonin (MLT) is a potent antioxidant known to protect against EDC-induced toxicity. We aimed at investigating the protective effects of MLT on prostate gland dysfunction in the F1 adult male Wistar rats exposed to BPA in utero. Rats, confirmed pregnant were divided into five groups (n=5): Control: 0.2 ml canola oil; BPA 25 μg/kg/day; BPA 250 μg/kg/day; BPA 25 μg/kg/day + MLT 1 mg/kg/day and BPA 250 μg/kg/day + MLT 1 mg/kg/day. Blood sample was collected for serum hormonal and biochemical assays. Histopathology of the prostate gland was carried using standard methods. Prostatic index was significantly increased in BPA-treated rats compared to control (p˂0.05). BPA induced prostatic oxidative stress and caused significant decreases in the levels of serum T and LH but resulted in significant increases in the levels of PSA, PAC and TAC. Prostatic lesions observed in the BPA groups rats included hyperplasia (functional, reactive and atypical). These were attenuated in the rats co-treated with MLT. BPA induced marked prostatic alterations, while melatonin co-administration protected against these alterations.