Browsing by Author "Ajayi I. O."

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    Practice and efficiency of breast self-examination among female health workers in a premier tertiary hospital in Nigeria
    (Marsland Press, 2017) Olanloye E. E.; Ajayi I. O.; Akpa O. M.
    Background: Recommendation by physicians has been shown to motivate women to obtain one of the breast cancer screening (BCS), however information about the contribution of female health workers (FHWs) is generally lacking in the literature. The aim of this study was to ascertain BSE practice and its efficiency among female health workers. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 336 consenting FHWs at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria, using an interviewer-administered questionnaire for data collection. Descriptive statistical tests, Chi-square test and logistic regression were used for univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses respectively. All analysis was performed using SPSS version 21 at 5% significant level. Results: Nearly all the respondents (99.4%) were aware of breast cancer, and of BSE, CBE and mammography as breast cancer screening methods (99.1%, 97.5% and 94.6% respectively). One hundred and ninety-four (57.7%) respondents had good overall knowledge score of the disease. Health programmes appeared to be the major source of our respondents’ information on BSE. Although a larger proportion 318/336 (94.6%) practiced BSE, only 46.3% practiced it on a monthly basis. Those who resides in urban areas were 0.049 times more likely to have practiced BSE when compared with those who resides in semi-urban locations (OR = 0.049, 95% CI = 0.037 – 0.992). Conclusion: The level of awareness, knowledge and practise of BSE among the FHWs in UCH was high but the efficiency of its practice was poor among them. Continuous education of health workers by primary care providers and hospital managements on BSE screening intervention with emphasizes on competence in its practice is of utmost importance. This enables them serve as positive role models through their own participation in the behaviours being promoted.
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    Prevalence of hypertension and associated factors among residents of Ibadan North Local Government Area of Nigeria
    (Wolters Kluwer, 2017) Ajayi I. O.; Sowemimo I. O.; Akpa O. M.; Ossai N. E.
    Background: Hypertension is a major public health challenge worldwide. It is the most important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of hypertension and associated factors among the residents of Yemetu community in Ibadan-North Local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used. The study involved 806 respondents aged from 18-90 years from 171 households, selected by cluster sampling technique. It was a house-to-house survey. Behavioural risk factors were measured using World Health Organisation (WHO) STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance (STEPS 1 & 2). Hypertension was defined as Systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 140 and/or Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥ 90mm Hg or currently on anti-hypertensive medication. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square and binary logistic regression tests at P <0.05. Results: The overall prevalence of hypertension was 33.1% (male 36.8% and female 31.1%). The proportion of self reported hypertension was 11.1%, while 5.1% were currently on anti-hypertensive medication. The mean age of the respondents was 38.8 ±15.6 years. The body mass index of the respondents was 5.2%, 52.0%, 29.5% and 13.3% for underweight, normal, overweight and obese, respectively. Alcohol and tobacco use were found in 11.5% and 3.2%, respectively. The result of binary logistic regression analysis revealed that hypertension was significantly associated with being in age groups 30-49 years (OR 2.258, 95% CI: 1.311 - 3.884), ≥50 years (OR 7.145, 95% CI: 3.644 - 14.011), being overweight or obese (OR 2.281, 95% CI: 1.022 – 5.088). Hypertension was inversely associated with being underweight (OR 0.537, 95% CI: 0.395 – 0.832). Conclusion: This study revealed a high prevalence of hypertension. These data underscores the need for urgent steps to create awareness and implement interventions for prevention and early detection of hypertension, especially among those aged ≥30 years and the overweight or obese. "