Browsing by Author "Akang, E. E. U."

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Case control study of dry eye and related ocular surface abnormalities in Ibadan, Nigeria
(Springer, 2010) Bekibele, C. O.; Baiyeroju, A. M.; Ajaiyeoba, A.; Akang, E. E. U.; Ajayi, B. G. K.
Background: Tear instability is associated with symptoms of ocular discomfort and irritation. Many patients with dry eyes remain untreated due to improper diagnoses. Objective; To identify symptoms and surface abnormalities associated with dry eyes. Materials and methods: One hundred and fifty-six eyes of 78 subjects attending the Eye Clinic of the University College Hospital Ibadan were screened for dry eyes/tear instability using rose Bengal stain (graded 0-9), tear break-up time (TBUT), Schirmer's 1 tests, tear meniscus height and a standardised symptoms questionnaire. Grades 4-9 rose Bengal staining were considered as positive dry eye and were compared with grades 0-3 staining eyes as negative controls. Results: Mean tear meniscus height, Schirmer's test and TBUT were lower among cases than their corresponding control eyes. The difference between the mean Schirmer's test values of cases and their controls were statistically significant (P = 0.00 for right eyes and P = 0.002 for left eyes). Rose Bengal grades were inversely correlated with the mean Schirmer's values (Pearson correlation -0.429, P = 0.05 for right eyes and -0.335, P = 0.03 for left eyes) and TBUT (Pearson correlation -0.316, P = 0.05 for right eyes and -0.212, P = 0.06 for left eyes). About 95.8% of the cases were symptomatic, as opposed to 70.4% of the controls (P = 0.01, Fisher's exact test) and 95.8% of dry right eyes compared to 61.1 % of their controls had ocular surface abnormalities (P = 0.001), while 89.5% of dry left eyes compared to 62.7% of controls had surface abnormalities (P = 0.07). Conclusion: A close relationship exists between ocular irritation symptoms, surface abnormalities and functional evidence of tear instability. Such patients should be treated empirically or screened for dry eyes.
The expression status of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 in epithelial ovarian cancer in Ibadan, Nigeria
(2016) Ajani, M. A.; Salami, A.; Awolude, O. A.; Oluwasola, A. O.; Akang, E. E. U.
Background: It has been proposed that the overexpression of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu protooncogene) could be a possible therapeutic target in epithelial ovarian cancer, as has been the case in breast carcinomas. However, there is lack of knowledge on the status of the gene in neoplasms which occur in black women. The objective of this study was to determine HER2/neu expression status in EOC in black women. Method: Ninety cases of EOC were evaluated for HER2/neu protein expression using immunohistochemistry. Results: HER-2/neu expression was observed in 33 of the 90 cases (37%), of which 15 EOC cases (17%) were weakly or moderately positive, and 18 (20%) strongly positive. A significant association was not found between HER-2/neu expression and age, International Federation of Gynecologists and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, grading and histological subtypes (p-values of 0.463, 0.360, 0.975 and 0.168, respectively). However, there were more cases of advanced-stage disease (III/IV) with HER-2 expression than early-stage EOC (I/II). In this study, 21%, 36% and 42% of HER2/neu-positive tumours were grades 1, 2 and 3, respectively. A higher proportion of serous carcinomas (as opposed to mucinous carcinomas) was also observed to be ER2/neu positive. Conclusion: HER2/neu expression was observed to increase with advanced stages of cancer, and was more commonly seen in serous, rather than in mucinous, carcinomas.
Malignant haemangiopericytoma of the left thigh with metastases to the bones and lungs: A case report
(2006) Atalabi, O. M; Ibinaiye, O. P.; Obajimi, M. O.; Ogunseyinde, O.; Akang, E. E. U.
Haemangiopericytoma is an uncommon mesenchymal neoplasm. Haemangiopericytoma is believed to arise from the pericytes, contractile spindle cells that surround the capillaries and post-capillary venules. We present an unusal case of histologically confirmed malignant haemangiopericytoma of the thigh in a 70 year old male with metastasis to the lungs and left femoral bone.
A review of vulvar and vaginal cancers in Ibadan, Nigeria
(2013) Okolo, C. A.; Odubanjo, M. O.; Awolude, O. A.; Akang, E. E. U.
The objectives of this study are to give an update on the previous studies on vulvar and vaginal cancers from the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria, to elucidate any changes in pattern, and to enumerate some of the factors affecting the management of these cancers at the UCH today. All the cases of cancer of the vulva and vagina seen at the UCH between January 1981 and December 2008 were reviewed and re-classified according to the World Health Organization (WHO) histological classification of 2004. The results are as follows: Vaginal and vulvar cancers were the 4th (1.4%) and 5th (1.2%) most common of the 5913 gynecological cancers seen. The mean age was 49.7 years. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was the most common histological type. Notably, vulvar cancer is more common than vaginal cancer in the US and the UK and this opposes our findings. We studied time periods before and after the year 2000, and found vaginal cancer to be more common before and vulvar cancer after the year 2000. We suggest that this may be related to the introduction of the FIGO guidelines in 2000. We conclude that it is important to strictly adhere to the FIGO guidelines in determining the primary site of origin of these cancers in patients with advanced local disease as this distinction has implications for clinical management. The objectives of this study are to give an update on the previous studies on vulvar and vaginal cancers from the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria, to elucidate any changes in pattern, and to enumerate some of the factors affecting the management of these cancers at the UCH today. All the cases of cancer of the vulva and vagina seen at the UCH between January 1981 and December 2008 were reviewed and re-classified according to the World Health Organization (WHO) histological classification of 2004. The results are as follows: Vaginal and vulvar cancers were the 4th (1.4%) and 5th (1.2%) most common of the 5913 gynecological cancers seen. The mean age was 49.7 years. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was the most common histological type. Notably, vulvar cancer is more common than vaginal cancer in the US and the UK and this opposes our findings. We studied time periods before and after the year 2000, and found vaginal cancer to be more common before and vulvar cancer after the year 2000. We suggest that this may be related to the introduction of the FIGO guidelines in 2000. We conclude that it is important to strictly adhere to the FIGO guidelines in determining the primary site of origin of these cancers in patients with advanced local disease as this distinction has implications for clinical management.
Syndromatic hepatic ductular Hypoplasia (Alagille syndrome) in a Nigerian: A Case Report
(1998) Akinyinka, O. O.; Akang, E. E. U.; Agbeja-Baiyeroju, A. M.; Osifi, B. O. A.||; Thurham, D.
We report what, as far as we are aware, is the first documented case of Alagille syndrome which is characterised by chronic cholestasis, characteristic facies, pulmonary stenosis and defects at the vertebral arch, in a Nigerian girl who presented at the age of two days and was followed up interminently for a period or 10.5 years. The biochemical indices suggestive of choiestasis in the patient improved with age while the height and weigh remained suboptimal. The patient had two percutaneous iiver biopsies with the second biopsy being consistent with paucity of interlobular biie duet syndrome. The characteristic facia features suggestive of the Alagille syndrome and clinical and echocardiographic evidence pulmonary stenosis were first observed at the age or 58) months. This syndrome although rare, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia in Nigerian children.
Tear function and abnormalities of ocular surface: relationship with subjective symptoms of dry eye in lbadan, Nigeria
(2008-03) Bekibele, C.O.; Baiyeroju, A. M.; Ajaiyeoba, A. I.; Akang, E. E. U.; Ajayi, B. G. K.
Objective: To determine the relationship between tear function and ocular surface abnormalities with subjective symptoms of dry eye. Methods: Patients with various ocular irritation symptoms suggestive of dry eye were examined for tear break up time (TBUT), Schirmer's test 1, and Rose Bengal staining pattern. They were compared with a group of asymptomatic healthy subjects. Results: There were 63 subjects, mean age 43.8 years (+/-14.7 years) with various complaints of dryness presenting as having irritation or foreign body sensation. A group of 17 asymptomatic subjects, mean age 42.1 years (+/-12.7 years) were studied as controls. There were 22 (34:.9 %) males and 41(65.1%) females in the symptomatic group while the control group had 4 (23.5%) males and 13(76.5%) females. Ocular irritations included itching 38(60.3%), pricking and itching 10 (15.9%). Mean Shirmer's test value were lower for symptomatic, subjects (mean 14.5mm +/-12.3 right eye; 14.9mm+/-12.4 left eye), compared to the controls (23.0mm +/-13.4 right eye; 17. 9mm +/-13.4 Ieft eye) P=0.02, for right eye and 0.4 for left. The mean TBUTwere also lower amongst the symptomatic subjects (10.5 seconds, right eye and 10.1 seconds left eye), while for controls mean TBUT was 12.7.,seconds right eye and 12.1 seconds left eye (P=0.2). Fifty -six out of 126 (46.8%) eyes of all symptomatic subjects compared to 7 out of 34 (20.6%) eyes of asymptomatic subjects had positive staining of conjunctiva with rose Bengal (p=0.06). For subjects with itching as the primary symptom 44.7% of them as opposed to 23.5% of the controls were likely to stain positive with rose Bengal, (sensitivity of itching as screening tool for dry eye was 81%, specificity 38.2%). Itching and pricking sensation together (sensitivity 46.2% and specificity improved to 65%). Rose Bengal grades were also inversely correlated with mean Schirmers values (Pearson correlation -0.429; P = 0.001) and TBUT (Pearson correlation -0.316, P=0.005). Conclusion: Itching and other ocular irritation symptoms may be indicative of underlying abnormal tear function and ocular surface damage, their presence calls for further examination for tear deficiency and prompt institution of treatment for dry eye