Browsing by Author "Akintayo, F. O."

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A simple trafic flow simulator for two-lane highways
(University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, 2012) Akintayo, F. O.; Agbede, O.
The highway network is an common feature on highways in many cities of the world. Including Ibadan, Nigeria. Previous studies have shown that several mathematical traffic flow models developed to analyse congestion cannot be easily generalized or adapted to varying situation. A simple traffic flow simulator was developed in the paper to stimulate flow for different congestion seanarios by varying the minimum and maximum headways if vehicles. Comparison of simulated and field values for a heavily trafficked highway in Ibadan metropolis produced an error of 35 % at high vehicular interaction
Ameliorating urban traffic congestion for sustainable transportation
(IOP Publishing, 2020) Busari, A. A.; Loto, R. T.; Ajayi, S. O.; Odunlami, O.; Akintayo, F. O.; Oyesomi, K.; Olawuyi, O.
Population, ownership of vehicles and economic growth are increasing at a geometric rate. Invariably, this will lead to an increase in traffic volume and the demand for limited road infrastructures. These has generated a lot of constraint on the few available road infrastructures in most developed and developing nations of the world. One of the consequences of this, is traffic congestion. This arises when the road system approaches vehicle capacity. Although governments and policy makers may never be able to eliminate road congestion, there are several ways cities and states can move to curb it. Hence, this review of literature assessed the myriad effect of traffic congestion, with focus on the economic and environmental impact. Additionally, long- and short-term measures to reduce the menace in 2030 were evaluated. This was done by assessing the relevant literature on the topic. The outcome of the review revealed that increase in income and living standard favours the ownership of automobiles thereby increasing traffic congestion. Households that reside in areas with compact, mixed land use own fewer vehicles, make fewer vehicle trips, therefore mixed land use should be encouraged in urban development. Additionally, level of Service (LOS) is another factor that affects traffic congestion and traffic crashes. The outcome of this review will aid the government and policy makers on the appropriate tool to adopt and the draw backs in a bid to reduce this menace now and in the foreseeable future
Analysis and Design of Intersection for Improved Traffic flow at Awolowo Junction, Bodija Ibadan, Nigeria
(Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, 2019-12) Adigun, T.; Okunlola, O.; Akintayo, F. O.
Traffic Congestion is inevitable for residents of economically dynamic cites therefore city authorities have to devise means of managing congestion to ease commuters of constrains imposed upon them by traffic congestion. The need for improvement of traffic flow at Awolowo Junction Bodija Ibadan is germane due to traffic congestion at this intersection. The aim of this study is to improve traffic flow at Awolowo Junction Bodija Ibadan. Traffic survey was carried out at the intersection, the peak hour factor and the design hourly volume were determined then the saturation flow rate and the cycle length (using the concept of volume-to-capacity ratio) were determined following the steps outlined in the Highway Capacity Manual, thereafter the yellow interval and the green times were computed. The peak hour was between 4:00 pm - 5:00 pm with a flow of 2989 vehicles per hour and a factor of 0.94 with design hourly volume of 539, 1464 and 1177 vehicles per hour for North, West and East approach respectively. The data collected was checked against the traffic signal warrants of the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Device and yielded positive result with warrant 3. The saturation flow rate was computed to be 2618, 4320 and 3913 vehicles per hour for the North, West and East approach respectively with a flow ratio of 0.21, 0.34 and 0.3 for North, West and East Approach respectively. A pre-timed traffic control signal was designed to improve traffic flow at Awolowo Intersection of UI/secretariat Road.
Assessment of sidewalk system in the University of Ibadan
(University of Ibadan, 2023) Akintayo, F. O.; Agbaohwo, M. O.
Good pedestrian facilities support the ease, comfort and safety of pedestrians. A good pedestrian sidewalk requires a good surface condition with appropriate footpath width and surface quality. This study assessed pavement condition of sidewalks in the University of Ibadan using the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) method. PCI evaluates the surface condition of sidewalks based on distresses observed. The PCI ratings vary from 0 to 100, representing the worst and best surface conditions, respectively. Based on the regular use of sidewalks for access, eighteen major roads were selected within the University of Ibadan. A distress assessment survey was conducted on the roads to collect data on defective sidewalk pavements and their distress conditions. The sidewalks were mainly of two types: plain concrete and concrete slab. Average sidewalk width for fourteen of the roads was less than 1.5 m stipulated in highway design manuals. Sixty percent of the sidewalks were in good condition with PCI values greater than 70. The recurring defects on the plain concrete sidewalk included linear, edge and map cracking. Depression of slab units was the most severe defect on the concrete slap sidewalk. The PCI analysis was used to assess the surface conditions of sidewalks in the University of Ibadan. The results can be used to design maintenance activities to keep the sidewalk system in optimal operational function. Having and updating inventory of the sidewalk system will promote regular routine maintenance and encourage safe use of the system
Assessment of sidewalk system in the University of Ibadan
(Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, 2023) Akintayo, F. O.; Agbaohwo, M. O.
Good pedestrian facilities support the ease, comfort and safety of pedestrians. A good pedestrian sidewalk requires a good surface condition with appropriate footpath width and surface quality. This study assessed pavement condition of sidewalks in the University of Ibadan using the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) method. PCI evaluates the surface condition of sidewalks based on distresses observed. The PCI ratings vary from 0 to 100, representing the worst and best surface conditions, respectively. Based on the regular use of sidewalks for access, eighteen major roads were selected within the University of Ibadan. A distress assessment survey was conducted on the roads to collect data on defective sidewalk pavements and their distress conditions. The sidewalks were mainly of two types: plain concrete and concrete slab. Average sidewalk width for fourteen of the roads was less than 1.5 m stipulated in highway design manuals. Sixty percent of the sidewalks were in good condition with PCI values greater than 70. The recurring defects on the plain concrete sidewalk included linear, edge and map cracking. Depression of slab units was the most severe defect on the concrete slap sidewalk. The PCI analysis was used to assess the surface conditions of sidewalks in the University of Ibadan. The results can be used to design maintenance activities to keep the sidewalk system in optimal operational function. Having and updating inventory of the sidewalk system will promote regular routine maintenance and encourage safe use of the system
Assessment of the impacts of building construction activities on the environment
(Department of civil engineering, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo-state, Nigeria ,department of chemistry, University of Zululand, zululand, kwazulu-Natal, South- Africa. Department of earth sciences, Olabisi Onabaanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria. department of applied chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa. department of civil engineering, Osun State University, Osogbo, Osun state, Nigeria., 2024-04) Akintayo, F. O.; Oyebade, O. N.; Songca, S. P.; Adebisi, N. O.; Oluwafemi, O.S.; Fadipe, O. O.
Activities in building construction industry contribute to air pollution. In this study, gas data from four locations at each three building construction sites in Doha, Qatar were collected and analyzed. Questionnaires were also administered to companies that are involved in building construction projects. The results showed traces of SO2, CO2, CO and NO2 but in amounts below the detrimental limit stipulated by the Ministry of Environment, Qatar. Questionnaire responses revealed that the extraction of raw materials and the energy consumed during construction occur quite often, but strongly implicated dust generated from construction sites and waste disposal, as major factors causing air pollution in the area. It is therefore, recommended that regular monitoring of air should be carried out within building construction sites to aid detection of air contamination. This will serve as a control measure to stimulate catalytic conversion of exhaust, reuse and recycling of waste materials.
Capacity Analysis of Two-lane Highways Operating under Non-ideal Conditions
(Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ibadan, 2015) Akintayo, F. O.; Agbede, O. A.
The highway system is an important component of the transportation system in many countries of the world. Studies have shown that many factors contribute to capacity reduction of highways. Traffic steam characteristics of three highways in Ibadan metropolis were captured in 2011. Models were developed to quantify the prevailing conditions of the roads. The capacity analysis of the roads was carried out based on the methodologies described in the United States Highway Capacity Manual (HCM 2000).The traffic stream was heterogeneous in nature. The analysis showed that the highways were operating under non-ideal conditions which resulted in capacity reduction and performance level. The resulting models are useful in evaluating capacity performance of two-lane highways for Improved optimization of the system
Design of a pre-timed traffic signal at the University of Ibadan main gate intersection
(Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, 2015-12) Akintayo, F. O.; Oluwatobi, O. L .
The Traffic control at the University of Ibadan Main Gate intersection is presently controlled by traffic wardens. A pre-timed traffic control signal designed to upgrade the present control measure at the intersection is presented in this paper. Traffic survey was conducted in October 2014 to determine design parameters such as vehicular and Pedestrian volumes at peak hours, and the design was carried out following standard procedures outlined in the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) and Highway Capacity Manual. The result showed that Peak hour was between 7:00 and 8:00 a.m. with corresponding vehicle volume of 1604 and 550 for the North and South approaches of the intersection respectively. Approximately 24 pedestrians per second cross the intersection during the afternoon peak period. The total cycle length, actual green times for phases 1 and 2 were evaluated as 110, 68 and 34 seconds respectively. The minimum green time required by pedestrians to cross the North Approach was 33 seconds. The designed pre-timed signal is expected to improve the flow of vehicles and pedestrians at the intersection
Evaluation of energy generation potentil of municipal solid waste in Ibadan
(Faculty of Technology University of Ibadan, 2015-07) Akintayo, F. O.; Anjbaloye, J.; Adebisin, V.
Waste of energy (WTE) is a renewable and environmentally sound process that has been proven to provide reliable electricity generation in developed and developing nations. This study was carried out to evaluate the WTE potential of municipal solid waste (MSW) in Ibadan metropolis, Characterization, and proximate analysis of representative MSW samples collected in year 2014 at two dumpsites (Ajakanga and Aba Eku) were carried out in accordance with standard procedures. Food wastes constituted 39%, the highest component of the MSW The net calorific value was evaluated to be 22.5 MJ/kg. The energy potential per annum was evaluated as 2d GW for approximate total waste of 447 thousand tones generated and disposed in Ibadan in year 2012. The energy potential in MSW could be harnessed to address the energy shortfall in the city
Geotechnical properties of natural composite rock in Ibadan, Nigeria
(Akamai University, 2012) Adebisi, N. O; Akintayo, F. O.
The physical property of a rock is a pointer to its suitability for civil engineering works. In this study the suitability of composite rock as construction materials is established. Thirty-four fresh block samples of quartz-schist masses were obtained from three locations in Ibadan, Nigeria. Thin sections were prepared from two representative samples, while others were subjected to standard geotechnical laboratory testing. Regression plots were made to assess the degree of association between pairs of dependent physical parameters of the rock. The results show in thin section that individual quartz crystals of the samples have complexly sutured outlines and mutual interlocking. Modal analysis reveals quartz as the dominant mineral with subordinate amounts of muscovite. The density (y) is the least variable parameter and ranges between 2600 and 2660 kg/m3. Water absorption ranges between 0.64 and 3.39 %, indicating good rock materials for construction. Regression analysis shows that approximately 20% of the variation in density and 2% of the void ratio were associated with porosity and water absorption capacity of the rock respectively. These are due to different proportions of quartz and muscovite with voids in the quartz-schist.
Heuristic approach to course scheduling in a resource-constrained environment
(University of Nairobi, 2009-06) Akintayo, F. O.; Oluleye, A. E.
This paper describes a simple heuristic for course scheduling in a resource-constrained environment.
Life-Cycle assessment of municipal Solid waste in selected landfills in Ibadan
(Department of Civil Engineering University of Ibadan, Nigeria, 2015-01) Akintayo, F. O.; Folorunso, C. S.
Increased municipal solid waste generation due to rapid urbanization of Africa cities is contributing to global warming. Life-cycle assessment of municipal solid waste was carried out in two selected landfills in Ibadan, Nigeria. The environmental impact index of Global Warming Potential (GWPIOO) for two waste management scenarios: landfill and incineration were evaluated using GaBi6 package. Biodegradable components of the MS W constitute approximately 47%. The GWP for landfilling and incineration are 24.33 and 15.20 kg (C02-equivalent) respectively. In order to reduce global warming impact, incineration waste management technique is preferred to landfilling in the area of study. The methane gas emitted from landfilling could be tapped as alternative energy source for small and medium enterprises in the locality.
Methane generation potential of municipal solid waste in Ibadan
(University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 2014-01) Akintayo, F. O.; Olonisakin, O. A.
Energy potential from Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) of two landfills serving four local government areas in Ibadan metropolis was estimated in this study. The characterization of the MSW showed that approximately 74% is made up of organic materials with food wastes constituting the highest portion (35%). The energy content of the waste is evaluated as 13,022KJ/kg. The methane potential of the MSW between 2012 and2020 is estimated to be 27,517 tonnes using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) methodology. The gas when collected can be used as alternative energy source for small and medium enterprises in the locality.
Road conditions and engineering performance of subgrade soils in part of South-Western Nigeria
(IOS Press, 2014, 2014) Adebisi, N. O.; Adeniji, S. A.; Akintayo, F. O.
Studies on subgrade performance and failure of road pavement in parts of Southwestern Nigeria have been carried out. However, an enquiry on native subgrade soils which combines geotechnical data with drainage system in establishing causes of road failure is yet to be made. In a reconnaissance survey, major outcrops, stable and failed (unstable) portions of roads in Ago-Iwoye were identified. Disturbed and undisturbed samples of subgrade soils were obtained by hand auger and U-4 tubes respectively from 18 burrowed pits. Grading, consistency, specific gravity and strength properties of the soils were evaluated through the laboratory, British conventional procedures. For comparison at stable and failed (unstable) sections of the roads, subgrade soils at failed portions of the roads have higher clay (35%) and fines (11%) content with inconsistent plasticity characteristics compared to subgrade soils at stable portions. It is also observed that lower cohesive strength and unsoaked CBR apparently instigated failure of the roads pavements at Ago-Iwoye locality. In addition, the drainage system combined with soils’ moisture-density enhances road failure against the axial loading
Safety performance of selected bus stops in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria
(Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria, 2022) Akintayo, F. O.; Sonichukwu, A. A.
Bus systems cannot be fully explored if issues such as safety of bus passengers on-board or at bus stops are not addressed. This study was aimed at assessing the safety of bus stops in Ibadan metropolis. Twenty bus stops were purposefully selected for this study from the five urban local government areas in Ibadan metropolis. A field survey involving interviews with 50 passengers and direct observations of hazardous acts was carried out at the bus stops. Casual factors of hazardous acts were noted as well. A score survey was conducted with 17 experts (civil engineers and transportation engineering researchers) where they were asked to rate how much each casual factor contributes to its corresponding hazardous act using a scale of 1–4 (1 being ‘not important at all’ and 4 being ‘very important’). Experts were also asked to make pairwise comparisons among hazardous acts and consistent responses were analyzed using Analytic Hierarchy process (AHP). Results from the score survey and AHP were used to model the safety levels of the selected bus stops. With safety levels ranging from 2.38 to 4.83 (10 being the best and 0 being the worst), all bus stops fell short of an acceptable level of safety. Also, Interviews conducted revealed passengers’ dissatisfaction with their user-experience. Recommendations were therefore made based on the findings.
Stabilisation of the Lagos-Ibadan expressway’s Ojoo-Iwo Road section using geosynthetics
(Department of civil engineering university of Ibadan and society of cement and concreteresearchers in Nigeria, 2024) Ibrahim, M. O.; Akintayo, F. O.
Road performance and longevity are greatly enhanced by geosynthetics. It carries out a number of functions, including reinforcement, stability, separation, fluid barrier, drainage, and filtration, to improve their use on road pavement. Geosynthetic materials were introduced to some sections of the subbase layer of the Lagos- Ibadan expressway to enhance the overall performance of the pavement. Soil samples were collected at a burrow pit at km 90 of the Lagos-Ibadan Expressway. The contractor handling the Ojoo-Iwo road segment of the expressway provided the geosynthetic materials employed in the study. The natural moisture content of the soil, sieve analysis, Atterberg limits, optimum moisture content, Maximum Dry Density (MDD), and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) were determined using standard procedures. The soil is gapped-graded, sandy-gravel, and has a plasticity index of 8%. The natural and stabilized soils have corresponding MDDs of 2040 and 1960 kg/m3. After the geosynthetic materials were added to the subbase layer, the soil sample’s CBR rose from 26% to 30%.
Traffic flow rate on Kigali roads: a case of national roads (RN1 and RN3)
(Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, 0201-06) Nyirajana, J.; Akintayo, F. O.; |Coker, A. O.
Traffic flow study plays a key important in various functionalities of cities all over the world. The study of traffic flow is also viewed as an essential facility of the country when it wants to establish traffic operations patterns in the progress of road planning. Blockages are accountable for a sequence of harmful effects such as loss of time, scheduling difficulties, carbon dioxide production, and risks of accidents as well as external expense. Besides, inadequate transportation facilities and increased traffic volume hamper urban development, especially in developing nations. The objective of the study was to assess the traffic flow state in two selected national roads of Kigali city. The traffic data were collected from 5 am to 8 pm on two National Roads (RN1 and RN3). The relationship between density and flow rate was analyzed using the fundamental diagram of traffic flow. It was found that the peak hours were from 6 am to 8 am and 5 pm to 8 pm. The highest number of vehicles counted were motorcycles due to shortcuts taken to reduce travel time. The results on RN3 revealed a proportion increase of traffic flow and density in the free-flow regime from 0 to maximum flow of 3346.6 veh/h correspondent to a critical density of 229.9 veh/km. However, in the congested zone regime, there was a decrease in traffic flow and an increase in density. It was found that the curve of flow versus density tended to increase on-road RN1. This study proposed the promotion of public transport and e-commerce as strategies to mitigate the congestion. Also, further research may be carried out on all roads of Kigali city, to provide the level of congestion useful for traffic deviation accordingly.
Vehicle headway distribution modelling of free-flowing traffic on two-lane single carriageways
(Department of Civil Engineering University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria, 2015) Akintayo, F. O.; Agbede, O. A.
Studies on vehicle headways are employed to understand traffic flow on highways. We model the vehicle headway distributions on a two-lane single carriageway in Ibadan, Nigeria. The Headway Generation Algorithm (THEGA) was developed to generate theoretical values for headway distribution modelling. Headway data for model calibration and validation were collected along Ibadan-Abeokuta Road for five days in April 2008 using a video camera. The generated headways fitted hyperbolic distribution models, and a spreadsheet of cumulative headway distribution was developed for a user-specified volume for flows ranging from 700 to 1000 vehicles per hour (vph). The results associated long headways with low flows, which reduced to short headways as flows increased and random arrival of vehicles changed to a car-following system. The validation of results with the Kolmogorov–Smirnov goodness-of-fit test at 0.01 significance level indicated good fits for the range of observed traffic volumes. The algorithm developed can be used to simulate traffic flows on two-lane single carriageways with the overall goal of efficient and effective traffic management of highway systems