Browsing by Author "Akintola, S. A."

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Application of agro–waste materials for improved performance of water–based drilling fluid
(2021-07) Akintola, S. A.; Orisamika, B. O.; Odetola, K. O.
Bio–resources and its derivatives have distinctive potential in various industrial applications and solutions especially for captivating usage in drilling fluid formulations for the petroleum industry. Drilling fluids formulations have tremendously advanced through increasing research and development of unique additives to improve their functionalities and meet specific properties in well design operations. In this article, water–based mud formulated with powdered and ash products derived from plantain and banana peels were evaluated. The effects of varying concentrations of these additives and the blends on the performance of the mud were examined by comparison with Low Viscosity Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose (LV CMC) for rheology and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) for pH control. The rheology of the mud improves with increasing concentration of the powdered products in a way similar to that of LV CMC. However, powdered banana peels most effectively improved the rheology of the mud to attain 10cp plastic viscosity (PV), 13lb/100sq.ft yield point (YP), 16lb/100sq.ft and 23lb/100sq.ft gel strength at 10seconds and 10minutes, respectively. Plantain peel ashes compared favourably with NaOH in controlling the pH of the mud. Further modification of the products to achieve the same properties as LV CMC is recommended in subsequent studies.
Application of agro–waste materials for improved performance of water–based drilling fluid
(Petroleum Technology Development Fund, 2021) Akintola, S. A.; Orisamika, B. O.; Odetola, K. O.
Bio–resources and its derivatives have distinctive potential in various industrial applications and solutions especially for captivating usage in drilling fluid formulations for the petroleum industry. Drilling fluids formulations have tremendously advanced through increasing research and development of unique additives to improve their functionalities and meet specific properties in well design operations. In this article, water–based mud formulated with powdered and ash products derived from plantain and banana peels were evaluated. The effects of varying concentrations of these additives and the blends on the performance of the mud were examined by comparison with Low Viscosity Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose (LV CMC) for rheology and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) for pH control. The rheology of the mud improves with increasing concentration of the powdered products in a way similar to that of LV CMC. However, powdered banana peels most effectively improved the rheology of the mud to attain 10cp plastic viscosity (PV), 13lb/100sq.ft yield point (YP), 16lb/100sq.ft and 23lb/100sq.ft gel strength at 10seconds and 10minutes respectively. Plantain peel ashes compared favourably with NaOH in controlling the pH of the mud. Further modification of the products to achieve the same properties as LV CMC is recommended in subsequent studies.
Application of micronized Carboxymethyl starch as additive in water–based mud
(Vyskumny ustav pre ropu a uhlovodikove plyny (VURUP), 2023) Akintola, S. A.; Orisamika, O. B.
Biodegradable natural products are increasingly investigated for different industrial applications mostly due to wider range of disposal options with minor health, safety and environmental impacts. In the petroleum industry, research into the products of natural polymeric materials to substitute synthetic chemical products used as additives in drilling fluids is aimed at reducing the overall cost and environmental impact of drilling operations. In this study, micronized carboxymethyl starch (CMS) was investigated and compared with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as additive in water–based mud. Natural starch obtained from yam, potato tubers, and rice was modified by carboxymethylation, micronized to different particle sizes, and analyzed using Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) Spectrometry. The rheological properties of the mud were determined at different micro–sizes (63µm and 75µm) and concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 grams) of the additives, and temperature ranging between 30⁰C to 85⁰C following the American Petroleum Institute recommended practice (API RP 13B–1). The major functional groups identified in the starch products are six–membered ring carbonyl group at 1735cm–1, carboxyl group at 1605cm–1 and 1650cm–1, and methyl group between 1450cm–1 to 1300cm–1. The CMS at 63µm compared favourably with CMC and had approximate average yield point/plastic viscosity ratio of 1.5 above 30oC. The results further showed that CMS is a suitable alternative viscosifier to CMC for water based mud and recommended for field trials.
Classical modelling of the effect of heterogeneity on reservoir performance of agbada formation
(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2015) Akintola, S. A.; Akinsete, O. O.; Akan, O. G.
Understanding the basic mechanisms that govern flow of hydrocarbon in any given reservoir situation is necessary in developing reliable methods of predicting behaviour in that reservoir. Most reservoirs in Agbada Formation of the Niger Delta Basin are anisotropic and therefore heterogeneous, which is a vital parameter in the efficient production of hydrocarbons. This work looked at the effect of permeability anisotropy (Kv/Kh) or heterogeneous distribution and its effects on reservoir performance using windows based IPM-MBAL petroleum engineering software. Results analysis revealed that anisotropy makes reservoir production modelling more realistic than the isotropic scenarios, and degree of heterogeneity improves oil recovery from the reservoir (Kv/Kh = 1, R.F = 49.31%; Kv/Kh = 0.1, R.F = 49.95%; Kv/Kh = 0.001, R.F = 50.60%; Kv/Kh = 0.0001, R.F = 51.24%). Reservoir heterogeneity should be included in reservoir modelling practices because it has a significant effect on hydrocarbon production.
Classical modelling of the effect of heterogeneity on reservoir performance of Agbada formation
(Nova Science Publishers, Inc, 2015) Akintola, S. A.; Akinsete, O. O.; Akan, G. O.
Understanding the basic mechanisms that govern flow of hydrocarbon in any given reservoir situation is necessary in developing reliable methods of predicting behaviour in that reservoir. Most reservoirs in Agbada Formation of the Niger Delta Basin are anisotropic and therefore heterogeneous, which is a vital parameter in the efficient production of hydrocarbons. This work looked at the effect of permeability anisotropy (Kv/Kh) or heterogeneous distribution and its effects on reservoir performance using windows based IPM-MBAL petroleum engineering software. Results analysis revealed that anisotropy makes reservoir production modelling more realistic than the isotropic scenarios, and degree of heterogeneity improves oil recovery from the reservoir (Kv/Kh = 1, R.F = 49.31%; Kv/Kh = 0.1, R.F = 49.95%; Kv/Kh = 0.001, R.F = 50.60%; Kv/Kh = 0.0001, R.F = 51.24%). Reservoir heterogeneity should be included in reservoir modelling practices because it has a significant effect on hydrocarbon production.
Conversion coating pretreatment enhances pipeline integrity
(2018) Oki, M.; Adediran, A. A.; Ogunsemi, B.; Akintola, S. A.; Charles, E.
It is necessary to coat both the internal and external surfaces of pipelines which transport different types of fluids that are usually contaminated with various percentages of aggressive corrosives. Pipelines pass through various terrains and highly challenging environments hence the need for both internal and external coatings to prevent corrosion and its adverse effects. In order to improve on the longevity of pipelines and the adhesion of the coating system, it is preferable to conversion coat blasted surfaces prior to application of any coating system. Improvements in pipeline coatings applications and the often neglected chromating procedure prior to coating application have been highlighted. This will prolong the lifespan of pipeline networks and secure these strategic assets from being a source of both materials and human resources drain pipes. However, the use of corrosion resistant alloys as internal lining for carbon steel pipes in the petroleum/gas industry is fast gaining recognition.
Conversion coating pretreatment enhances pipeline integrity
(Open Science, 2018) Makanjuola, O.; Adediran, A. A.; Ogunsemi, B.; Akintola, S. A.; Ebitei, C.
It is necessary to coat both the internal and external surfaces of pipelines which transport different types of fluids that are usually contaminated with various percentages of aggressive corrosives. Pipelines pass through various terrains and highly challenging environments hence the need for both internal and external coatings to prevent corrosion and its adverse effects. In order to improve on the longevity of pipelines and the adhesion of the coating system, it is preferable to conversion coat blasted surfaces prior to application of any coating system. Improvements in pipeline coatings applications and the often neglected chromating procedure prior to coating application have been highlighted. This will prolong the lifespan of pipeline networks and secure these strategic assets from being a source of both materials and human resources drain pipes. However, the use of corrosion resistant alloys as internal lining for carbon steel pipes in the petroleum/gas industry is fast gaining recognition.
Corrosion protection by novel conversion coatings on structural AI 6061
(2022) Oki, M.; Adediran, A. A.; Ikechukwu, A.; Onokohwomo, C. O.; Bosa, C.; Akintola, S. A.; Adesina, O. S.
Chromate conversion coatings have witnessed limited acceptability in recent times. The coatings contain Cr (VI) species that have been classified as environmental hazards and injurious to human. Thus, the use of environment-friendly and non-carcinigenic novel inorganic- inorganic hybrid conversion coatings are being explored. Vanadate (VCC), hybrid Vanadate/Molydate (HCC) conversion coatings on A16061 have been classified in terms of corrosion and adhesion performance with reference to the untreated alloy. Natural exposure tests in the atmosphere and stanant near-neutral 3.5% sodium chloride solution, as well as patentio-dynamic polarization measurements showed that the corrosion rate for HCC is lower for Vanadate, which in turn outclassed the ‘bare’ alloy. However, clusters of passive incipient pits were revealed on the former after 120 h of exposure in stagnant chloride solution. Both conversion coatings outperformed the untreated aluminiun alloy after atmospheric corrosion and adhesion tests.
Corrosion rates of green novel hybrid conversion coating on aluminium 6061
(Elsevier, 2020) Oki, M.; Adediran, A. A.; Ikubanni, P. P.; Adesina, O. S.; Adeleke, A. A.; Akintola, S. A.; Edoziuno, F.; Aleem, A.
The use of chromate conversion coatings have been limited by several protocols as a result of their carcinogenicity and toxicity towards humans and the environment. Searches are ongoing for chromate replacement in coating baths and processes. This paper describes the comparison among the corrosion rates of a novel hybrid conversion coating derived from water extracts of hibiscus sabdariffa calyx in conjunction with ammonium molybdate, a molybdate conversion coating and the so-called chromate conversion coating. Potentiodynamic polarization measurement in 3.5 wt% sodium chloride solution was employed in ranking the coatings as sabdariffa molybdate being more corrosion resistant than chromate, which in turn out performed molybdate.
Determination of some petrophysical properties of reservoir rocks in the Niger Delta
(SCIENCEDOMAIN international, 2015) Akintola, S. A.; Akpabio, J. U.; Nduamaka, F. C.
In formation evaluation, the knowledge of porosity, permeability and fluids saturation are very important in the determination of the hydrocarbon in place. These petro physical properties are necessary to understand the nature of the reservoir and help for proper field development planning. This was aimed at determining the petro physical properties (pore volume, bulk volume, grain volume, permeability and fluid saturation) of a reservoir from core plugs. A total of ten core plugs were used in this work. Archimedes immersion method was used in the determination of the bulk volume. Liquid saturation method was used in the determination of the porosity. The Dean-Stark extraction method was used in the determination of fluid saturation. From the results obtained in the core analysis, the sandstone reservoir has an average porosity of 14.9±5.1%, very good permeability with an average value of 349.77±0.3 mD and a very large water saturation value of 82±0.4%. Consequently the hydrocarbon saturation is approximately 18%. This implies that the formation is not commercially viable to develop based on the hydrocarbon saturation. The study shows that experimental work is one of the valid tools for making informed decisions on the development of a field in the petroleum industry and highlights the importance of the basic petrophysical properties in reservoir management.
Development of modified fractional flow equation for non-darcy flow in computer simulation of oil reservoirs
(2021-06) Akintola, S. A.; Adeaga, O. A.; Muritala, O. K.
Upon the depletion of oil reservoir, huge amount of oil is usually left behind. This oil, in some cases double the initial oil recovered, in order to recover the unrecovered oil, different types of secondary oil recovery techniques can be explored. A more common techniques is water flooding which involve the injection of water into reservoir to displace oil into the wellbore. To determine the relative flow rates of oil and water at any point in a porous flow system while also examining factors such as fluid properties, rock properties, reservoir structural properties, pressure gradient, and flow rate which affect the displacement efficiency of a water flooding project, the fractional flow equation is employed. But the convectional fractional flow equation is applicable just to Darcy flow. The use of Darcy flow equation is not applicable in low permeability sandstone reservoir, hence non Darcy flow have been used one of such equation is the Forcheimer equation, as a result this study is aimed at modifying the Forcheimer equation and validating the new fractional flow equation using literature. The result obtained showed that the proposed equation predicts better than Forcheimer equation.
Development of modified fractional fluid flow equation for non–darcy flow in computer simulation of oil reservoirs
(Innovative Societies & Technology Academic Multidisciplinary Society, 2021) Akintola, S. A.; Adeaga, O. A.; Muritala, O. K.
Upon the depletion of oil reservoir, huge amount of oil is usually left behind. This oil, in some cases double the initial oil recovered, in order to recover the unrecovered oil, different types of secondary oil recovery techniques can be explored. A more common technique is water flooding which involve the injection of water into reservoir to displace oil into the wellbore. To determine the relative flow rates of oil and water at any point in a porous flow system while also examining factors such as fluid properties, rock properties, reservoir structural properties, pressure gradient, and flow rate which affect the displacement efficiency of a water flooding project, the fractional flow equation is employed. But the convectional fractional flow equation is applicable just to Darcy flow. The use of Darcy flow equation is not applicable in low permeability sandstone reservoir, hence non Darcy flow have been used one of such equation is the Forcheimer equation, as a result this study is aimed at modifying the Forcheimer equation and validating the new fractional flow equation using literature . The result obtained showed that the proposed equation predicts better than Forcheimer equation
Economics of local materials as base fluids in the formulation of an oil-based mud
(Petroleum Technology Development Fund, 2019) Akintola, S. A.; Atere, E. B.
The use of drilling fluid is an important aspect in drilling operations as its critical to ensure a safe and productive oil or/ and gas well. In the bid to protect the environment and reduce environmental pollution resulting from drilling activities while using the No. 2 diesel, it is necessary to search for an alternative that will be suitable, locally available, easily affordable vegetable oils which is environmentally friendly and non-toxic as base fluid. This study is aimed at investigating the properties and economics analysis of the use of non-toxic, biodegradable locally obtainable oil from the palm kernel seed (Oil X) and coconut (Oil Y) as base fluid in the formulation of an Oil Based Mud. The rheological and filtration properties of the mud samples were evaluated using the API Recommended Standard, while the economics analysis was performed using the Net Present Value (NPV) and discounted profit to investment ratio (DPI) models. The results of the rheological, filtration and physiochemical properties for both X-OBM and Y-OBM, showed the possibility of the use of oil X or Y as base fluid as against No. 2 diesel. The result from the NPV model showed that the use of oil X or Y provided a higher NPV compared to those of No. 2 diesel mud even though the cost of No. 2 diesel was lower than those of X and Y oils. Also the discounted profit to investment ratio (DPI) was also better for mud formulated from the vegetable oil muds Although the initial cost of formulating mud samples using oil X or Y compared to No. 2 diesel Oil Base Muds (OBM) seems higher, consideration of their fire capacity resistance, nonimpact on the environmental and the cost of disposal of OBM the application of vegetable oil X or Y is more viable than No. 2 diesel in the industry.
Effect of Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose from Delonix regia Sawdust on rheological and filtration properties of water based drilling fluid
(Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2021) Imohiosen, O. U.; Akintola, S. A.
Over the past years, there has been an increase in the importation of Sodium Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), an important drilling mud polymer additive, in the Nigerian oil and gas industry. However, the ripple effects of the importation of this polymer and other oilfield chemicals on the Nigeria oil and gas industry includes rising cost of oil and gas field development, limited oil and gas industry growth, and capital flight. In order to mitigate this trend, studies on the use of local substitutes such as starch and its derivatives have gathered momentum with risk such as competition with food supply and increase in food cost. The use of sawdust wastes which offers a non-competing and a cheap source of feedstock in the production of CMC have rarely been investigated. The study therefore investigated production of CMC from sawdust waste of a highly underutilized wood (Delonix regia), after which drilling mud tests were conducted to determine the rheological and filtration properties of mud treated with the CMC products. The CMC production adopted the Williamson ether synthesis process in a slurry medium involving two main reactions of mercerization and etherification. All reaction parameters were held constant except the etherifying agent concentration. The CMC products were characterized using FTIR Spectroscopy. The synthesized carboxymethyl cellulose products yielded good filtration and rheological properties suitable for drilling fluid applications. The use of low concentrations of about 0.5g to 1.0g of the synthesized products per laboratory barrel of mud could reduce filtration volume by 11.4% to 32.9% at low temperature and pressure conditions. The synthesized CMC products obtained from this work can be used as local substitute of low viscosity foreign CMC products.
Electrical resistivity measurements of down scaled homogenous rocks for network model validation
(Nigerian Journal of Technology 30 (2), pp. 1 – 13, 2011) Olafuyi, O. A.; Ikhouria, A. A.; Akintola, S. A.
Knowledge of electrical resistivity for reservoir rocks is crucial for a number reservoir engineering tasks such as the determination of oil-in place and the calibration of resistivity logs. Those properties can now be predicted by numerical calculations directly on micro -CT images taken from rock fragments typically having a bulk volume of 100mm3. The experimental data used to validate those predictions are obtained on conventional cores having bulk volumes of the order of 10.000mm3. A better validation of micro-CT technique would be to use the same core size for both imaging and flow experiment. Experimental data for electrical resistivity measurements using micro pore membrane and centrifuge desaturation techniques are presented for cores having bulk volumes from 10.000mm3 down to 100mm3. Both 2 - and 4 - electrode techniques w ere applied to measure the resistivity index. Simple fluids like brine and air were used for clear wettability. Homogeneous sandstone cores (Berea and Bentheim) and a carbonate core (Mount Gambier) were used in the experiments. The results demonstrate that reliable experimental data of resistivity index can be obtained f o r the small cores of homogeneous porous rocks at sensitized frequency. Such data are of immense interest f o r validating the predictive value of network models based on micro -CT imaging of rock fragments with bulk volumes as small as 100mm3
Electron-optical and auger electron spectroscopy studies of a zirconium conversion coating on aluminium
(2019) Adediran, A. A.; Oki, M.; Akintola, S. A.
Electron-optical and auger electron spectroscopy studies of a zirconium conversion coating on aluminium
(2019) Adediran, A. A.; Oki, M.; Akintola, S. A.
Estimation of the refractive indices of some binary mixtures
(AcademicJournals, 2015-04) Isehunwa, S. O.; Olanisebe, E. B.; Ajiboye, O. O.; Akintola, S. A.
Refractive index is a useful fluid characterization parameter with widespread industrial applications. The value for many pure liquids are known or readily available in literature. However, when experimental literature are not available, the refractive indices of binary and multicomponent liquid are often estimated from the pure components using mixing rules which are sometimes not accurate. This study was designed to measure the refractive indices and evaluate the accuracy of some commonly used mixing rules when applied to benzene-toluene, heptane-hexane, hexane-acetone, heptane-acetic acid and acetic acid-acetone binary mixtures at varying volume fractions and temperatures between 20 and 60˚C. A simpler relation based on modified Kay or Arago-Biot mixing rule was demonstrated to have wider range of applicability because of the explicit temperature-dependence term.
Estimation of the refractive indices of some binary mixtures
(Academic Journals, 2015) Isehunwa, S. O.; Olanisebe, E. B.; Ajiboye, O. O.; Akintola, S. A.
Refractive index is a useful fluid characterization parameter with widespread industrial applications. The values for many pure liquids are known or readily available in literature. However, when experimental data are not available, the refractive indices of binary and multi-component liquids are often estimated from the pure components using mixing rules which are sometimes not accurate. This study was designed to measure the refractive indices and evaluate the accuracy of some commonly used mixing rules when applied to benzene-toluene, heptane-hexane, hexane-acetone, heptane-acetic acid and acetic acid-acetone binary mixtures at varying volume fractions and temperatures between 20 and 60°C. A simpler relation based on modified Kay or Arago-Biot mixing rule was demonstrated to have wider range of applicability because of the explicit temperature-dependence term.
Evaluation of drilling muds enhanced with modified starch for HPHT well applications
(Springer, 2020-10) Sulaimon, A. A.; Akintola, S. A.; Johari, M. A. B. M.; Isehunwa, S. O.
The use of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) in oil and gas well drilling operations has improved the filtration loss and mud cake properties of drilling muds. The introduction of starch has also reduced, for example, the viscosity, fluid loss, and mud cake properties of the drilling fluids. However, normal starch has some drawbacks such as low shear stress resistance, thermal decomposition, high retrogradation, and syneresis. Hence, starch modification, achieved through acetylation and carboxymethylation, has been introduced to overcome these limitations. In this study, modified starches, from cassava and maize, were used to enhance the properties of water-based muds under high-pressure high temperature (HPHT) conditions, and their performances were compared with that of the CMC. The mud samples added with acetylated cassava or maize starch exhibited the smallest filtrate volumes and filtrate losses within the American Petroleum Institute specification. Therefore, these modified starch-added muds could replace CMC as fluid loss agents since, unlike it, they can withstand HPHT conditions.