Browsing by Author "Alonge, T. O."

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Challenges of conducting research in developing countries
(The Postgraduate School, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 2006) Ekhaguere, G. O. S.; Olayinka, A. I.; Taiwo, V. O.; Alonge, T. O.; Obono, O. M.
Geograpic information systems in determining road traffic crash analysis in Ibadan, Nigeria
(2014-09) Rukewe, A.; Taiwo, O. J.; Fatiregun, A. A.; Afuwape, O. O.; Alonge, T. O.
Background: Road traffic accidents are frequent in this environment, hence the need to determine the place of geographic information systems in the documentation of road traffic accidents. Aim & Objectives: To investigate and document the variations in crash frequencies by types and across different road types in Ibadan, Nigeria. Materials & Methods: Road traffic accident data between January and June 2011 were obtained from the University College Hospital Emergency Department's trauma registry. All the traffic accidents were categorized into motor vehicular, motorbike and pedestrian crashes. Georeferencing of accident locations mentioned by patients was done using a combination of Google Earth and ArcGIS software. Nearest neighbor statistic, Moran's-I, Getis-Ord statistics, Student T-test, and ANOVA were used in investigating the spatial dynamics in crashes. Results: Out of 600 locations recorded, 492 (82.0%) locations were correctly georeferenced. Crashes were clustered in space with motorbike crashes showing greatest clustering. There was significant difference in crashes between dual and non-dual carriage roads (P = 0.0001), but none between the inner city and the periphery (p = 0.115). However, significant variations also exist among the three categories analyzed (p = 0.004) and across the eleven Local Government Areas (P = 0.017). Conclusion: This study showed that the use of Geographic Information System can help in understanding variations in road traffic accident occurrence, while at the same time identifying locations and neighborhoods with unusually higher accidents frequency.
Prevalenc of abnormal bone minieral density in HIV-positive patients in Ibadan, Nigeria
(West African College of Surgeons, 2013) Alonge, T. O.; Okoje-Adesomoju, V. N.; Atalabi, O. M.; Obamuyide, H. A.; Olaleye, D.; Adewole, I. F.
Background:There have been reports of high rate of abnormal bone mineral densities (BMD) among people living with HIV. Following the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy (CART) into Nigeria, the country is now home to increasing population of HIV positive patients. There is paucity of data about osteoporosis/osteopaenia and bone mineral density in this population. Aim and Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and determinants of osteopaenia/osteoporosis in a cohort of HIV-positive patients in Nigeria. Patients and methods: The BMD of a group of patients attending the outpatient clinic of the University of Ibadan, Nigeria was assessed using a DXA machine. The relationship of bone mineral density to body weight, CART status, protease inhibitor use, and gender was investigated. Their CD4 counts and viral load were also estimated. Result: A total of 1005 patients participated with a mean age of 41.3 ± 10 years. There were 724 females (72.0%) and 29.7% were single. The median length of diagnosis was 2 years (Range 1-18 years). The Median CD4 count was 371cells/ml and Median viral load was 200 copies/ml. Of this sample, 785 (78.1%) were on CART with 99 (12.6%) on protease inhibitor. The mean body mass index (BMI) was 23.7±4.7 with 9.2% underweight and 10% obese. The prevalence of osteopaenia and osteoporosis were 46.6% and 31.9% respectively, while 19.6% had normal bone mineral density (BMD). Osteoporosis was significantly higher in those aged above 40 years (p= 0.00001), the females (p= 0.022), the single (p=0.028) and the underweight (p=0.0001). There was no significant difference in BMD of those with or without protease inhibitor containing medications as well as treatment naïve patients. Conclusion: A high prevalence of abnormal bone mineral density was found in HIV positive patients in Nigeria. Patient age above 40 years and a body mass index class of underweight were significant associated factors. Routine bone mineral density assessment is recommended as an adjunct in the evaluation of HIV positive patients in Nigeria.
Prevalence of abnormal bone mineral density in HIV_postive patients in Ibadan, Nigeria
(2013) Alonge, T. O.; Okoje-Adesomoju, V. N.; Atalabi, O. M.; Obamuyide, H. A.; Adewole, I. F.
"Background:There have been reports of high rate of abnormal bone mineral densities (BMD) among people living with HIV. Following the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy (CART) into Nigeria, the country is now home to increasing population of HIV positive patients. There is paucity of data about osteoporosis/osteopaenia and bone mineral density in this population. Aim and objectives:The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and determinants of osteopaenia/osteoporosis in a cohort of HIV-positive patients in Nigeria. Patients and methods:The BMD of a group of patients attending the outpatient clinic of the University of Ibadan, Nigeria was assessed using a DXA machine. The relationship of bone mineral density to body weight, CART status, protease inhibitor use, and gender was investigated. Their CD4 counts and viral load were also estimated. RESULTS:A total of 1005 patients participated with a mean age of 41.3 ± 10 years. There were 724 females (72.0%) and 29.7% were single. The median length of diagnosis was 2 years (Range 1-18 years). The Median CD4 count was 371cells/ml and Median viral load was 200 copies/ml. Of this sample, 785 (78.1%) were on CART with 99 (12.6%) on protease inhibitor. The mean body mass index (BMI) was 23.7±4.7 with 9.2% underweight and 10% obese. The prevalence of osteopaenia and osteoporosis were 46.6% and 31.9% respectively, while 19.6% had normal bone mineral density (BMD). Osteoporosis was significantly higher in those aged above 40 years (p= 0.00001), the females (p= 0.022), the single (p=0.028) and the underweight (p=0.0001). There was no significant difference in BMD of those with or without protease inhibitor containing medications as well as treatment naïve patients.CONCLUSION:A high prevalence of abnormal bone mineral density was found in HIV positive patients in Nigeria. Patient age above 40 years and a body mass index class of underweight were significant associated factors. Routine bone mineral density assessment is recommended as an adjunct in the evaluation of HIV positive patients in Nigeria."