Browsing by Author "Anetor, J. I."

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Cadmium level in pregnancy, influence on neonatal birth weight and possible amelioration by some essential trace elements
(2013) Ikeh-Tawari, E. P.; Anetor, J. I.; Charles-Davies, M. A.
Cadmium (Cd) is currently of great concern in rapidly industrializing countries‑India, China. Their products consumed especially due to increase demand in many developing countries like Nigeria can result in adverse effects. Cd is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant and toxicant and humans are continually exposed to the toxic effects of Cd primarily through food as well as from environmental pollution through industrial activities. Maternal exposure to Cd has been associated with the delivery of low‑birth weight babies and an increase incidence of spontaneous abortion. Cd a toxic metal can displace zinc (Zn) an essential element necessary for normal fetal development and growth. With this consideration, 160 subjects comprising of 125 pregnant and 35 non‑pregnant subjects as controls were recruited for this study. The pregnant subjects were classified according to the three trimesters of pregnancy as followed; 35, 35, and 55 from the first to the third trimesters respectively. The third trimester subjects were followed‑up until after delivery where neonatal parameters (birth weight, head circumference, and length) of babies were measured. 32 (58%) of the women delivered babies with normal birth weight, 19 women (35%) delivered babies with low‑birth weight while four women (7%) delivered babies with high‑ birth weight. Subject who delivered low‑birth weight babies had significantly higher Cd concentration and lower Zn concentration and body mass index when compared with those with normal weight babies. These results suggest that Cd indeed has some toxic effects on neonatal birth weight.
Endocrine disruptors-arsenic, cadmium and lead in pre and postmenopausal black women with breast cancer
(University College Hospital, Ibadan, 2017) Ajayi, O. O.; Charles-Davies, M. A.; Anetor, J. I.; Ademola, A. F.
Background: The involvement of toxic metals in adiposity has been suggested to be contributory to the high incidence of breast cancer, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. This study is aimed at evaluating serum arsenic, cadmium and lead in relation to adiposity and blood pressure in Nigerian women with breast cancer. Methodology: The study comprised 85 women newly diagnosed with breast cancer pre-therapy (cases) matched with 84 apparently healthy women without breast cancer (controls) according to age and menstrual phase. Arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) levels were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Blood pressure and anthropometry were determined by standard methods. Data analysed by Student’s t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient were considered statistically significant at p<0.05. Results: Cd and Pb levels were significantly higher in cases, compared with controls (p<0.05). Waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), weight, height, waist hip ratio (WHR), waist height ratio (WHtR) were significantly higher in cases compared with controls (p<0.05). Cadmium positively correlated with diastolic blood pressure while FT4 inversely correlated with arsenic in the cases (p<0.05). Conclusion: Observations in this study suggest the involvement of these toxic metals in adiposity which could be involved in breast carcinogenesis.
In search of an antidote for a poisoned world
(Ibadan University Press, 2016) Anetor, J. I.
Serum polychlorinated biphenyls and bisphenol-A levels in Nigerian women with breast cancer
(2014-06) Ajayi, O.; Charles-Davies, M. A.; Anetor, J. I.; Ademola, A. F.
Endocrine disruptors (EDs)-polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and bisphenol-A (BPA) have been associated with increased risk of breast cancer (B.Ca). In Nigeria, there is increase in breast cancer incidence. This has been attributed to increased use and exposure to EDs. Although, several studies have been done on breast cancer, there is paucity of information on the serum levels of these EDs in Nigerian women. This study therefore aims at determining the serum levels of PCBs and BPA in breast cancer patients.Eighty women aged 18-70 years were recruited with informed consent after institutional ethical approval. They were 40 participants with breast cancer pre-treatment (cases) matched with 40 apparently healthy women (controls). They were recruited from a tertiary hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria. Demographic indices: age, age at menarche (AM), age at menopause (AMP) and anthropometric indices: height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-height ratio (WHT) were obtained from the pre-test questionnaire administered and standard methods respectively.10 ml of venous blood was collected from each participant and sera obtained were analyzed for PCB and BPA. These were determined by High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Data were analyzed using Student t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient, p was significant at <0.05.Results showed increases in the height, weight, WC, HC, WHR, WHT, PCB and BPA serum levels in cases compared with controls. Positive correlations were observed among WC and WHR, WHT, HC; HC and WHT; WHR and WHT in both cases and controls. However, positive correlations among height, weight, WC and WHR; BMI and weight were observed in cases only. Weight correlated negatively with age at menarche (AM) only in controls. The differences and correlations were statistically significant (p<0.05).Mechanisms involving PCB, BPA and adiposity may be involved in breast cancer aetiology. Reduction of environmental pollution and dietary modulation may be helpful.