Browsing by Author "Ariyo, O. A."

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    Rural-urban differentials in lifestyle and food security of older persons in Ibadan, Nigeria
    (Food basket foundation, 2015) Ariyo, O. A.; Adepoju, O. T.; Fadupin, G. T.
    Healthy lifestyle and good nutrition are essential to promote active ageing. Knowledge of rural-urban differentials in lifestyle and food security is essential to design community-driven programmes. This study was aimed at assessing rural-urban differences in lifestyle and food security of older people in Ibadan, Nigeria. This comparative cross-sectional survey involved 346 respondents from two urban (168) and two rural (178) Local Government Areas of Ibadan. A three-stage sampling technique was used to select communities, households and respondents respectively. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographic and lifestyle profile. Lifestyle index was assessed using a 7-point scale categorized as good (≥5) or poor (<5). Food security was assessed using a 27-point scale classified as food secure (≤1), food insecure without hunger (2-7) and food insecure with hunger (8-27). Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression at p<0.05. Mean age of respondents was 68.9±4.7 and 69.7±4.4 years in urban and rural areas respectively. Prevalence of heavy alcohol intake (16.1%, 16.9%) and irregular physical activity (1.8%, 9.6%) were lower in urban than rural areas. Current smoking was three times higher (13.5%) in rural than urban areas (4.8%). Food insecurity with hunger was nine-times higher in rural (16.9%) than urban areas (1.8%) while food insecurity without hunger was 17.4% and 7.1% in rural and urban areas respectively. The key predictors of food insecurity were age, income, smoking and alcohol intake in urban areas; and gender, marital status, education and smoking in rural areas. Food security and healthy lifestyle characterized by moderate alcohol intake and low prevalence of smoking among older people in Ibadan are high. Food insecurity and poor lifestyle typified by poor physical activity and low fruits and vegetable intakes were higher in rural than urban areas. Interventions to improve physical activity and intakes of fruits and vegetables should be targeted at older people particularly those in rural areas.