Browsing by Author "Arogundade, F. A."

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3

Association between Perfluoroalkyl substance exposure and renal function in children with CKD enrolled in H3Africa Kidney Disease Research Network
(Elsevier Inc., 2019) Sood, S.; Ojo, A. O.; Adu, D.; Kannan, K.; Ghassabian, A.; Koshy, T.; Vento, S. M.; Pehrson, L. J.; Gilbert, J. F.; Arogundade, F. A.; Ademola, A. D.; Salako, B. O.; Raji, Y.; Osafo, C.; Antwi, S.; Trachtman, H.; Trasande, L.
Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension in Nigeria
(Nigerian Association of Nephrology, 2020) Kadiri, S.; Arogundade, F. A.; Arije, A.; Omotoso, A.; Onwubere, B.; Aderibigbe, A.; Isah, A.; Mbakwem, A.; Salako, B.; Isezuo, S.; Ogun, S.; Sani, M.; Ulasi, I.; Familoni, O.; Ogbera, A.; Ogah, O.; Ademola, A. D.; Opadeyi, A.; Asinobi, A.
Background: Hypertension, defined as blood pressure > 140/90 mmHg, has assumed greater public health importance in Nigeria in the last 2 decades. Many reports put the adult prevalence rates at 20-40%, with some major ones specifically reporting 27.8% and 28.9%. Low detection and reporting rates, inadequate investigation and treatment rates all combine to increase the burden. The guidelines provide updated information. Recommendations: The traditional risk factors, with the addition of high income and education status, are highlighted. Recommendations regarding the use of devices and the setting, including home and ambulatory, in the measurement of the blood pressure, are updated. The importance of total cardiovascular risk assessment and risk stratification, employed in initiating and guiding therapy, is emphasized. Lifestyle modifications are prescribed for all; they are described with estimates of BP responses and with a greater reference to local conditions. Attention is drawn to the early use of medicine therapy in those with high CV risk and multi-medicine therapy in those with BP > 160/100 mmHg. The use of single pill combinations, wherever feasible, is recommended, and the prediction is made of most patients eventually requiring multi-medicine therapy. Considerations of cost, availability, tolerance and patient-specific factors influence the choice of medicines, and although any of the several medicine classes could be used for initial therapy, thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics and calcium channel blockers are recommended for single or dual-medicine therapy. Alternatively, any of these and any of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, angiotensin receptor blocker, centrally acting agent, beta-blocker or alphablocker could be used for combination therapy. Effective and recommended combinations and a list of the commonly available medicines in Nigeria are listed. Aspirin for secondary prevention and statin therapy should be used as required. The goal of treatment is commonly <140/90 mmHg, but could be lower in patients with diabetes, chronic kidney disease. Patient counselling, follow-up and treatment monitoring are emphasised. Outlines of treatment in special groups or situations including diabetes, chronic kidney disease, haemoglobinopathies, HIV-infection, paediatric patients, patients with sexual dysfunction, resistant hypertension, hypertension emergency, community control and prevention are provided.
HIV Viremia Is associated With APOL1 Variants and Reduced JC-Viruria
(Frontiers Media SA, 2021) Kruzel-Davila, E.; Sankofi, B. M.; Amos-Abanyie, E. K.; Ghansah, A.; Nyarko, A.; Agyemang, S.; Awandare, G. A.; Szwarcwort-Cohen, M.; Reiner-Benaim, A.; Hijazi, B.; Ulasi, I.; Raji, Y. R.; Boima, V.; Osafo, C.; Adabayeri, V. M.; Matekole, M.; Olanrewaju, T. O.; Ajayi, S.; Mamven, M.; Antwi, S. |; Ademola, A. D.; Plange-Rhule, J.; Arogundade, F. A.; Akyaw, P. A.; Winkler, C. A.; Salako, B. L.; Ojo, A.; Skorecki, K.; Adu, D.
Variants in the Apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) gene (G1-rs60910145, rs73885319, G2-rs71785313) are common in Africans and in individuals of recent African ancestry and are associated with an increased risk of non-diabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD) and in particular of HIV associated nephropathy (HIVAN). In light of the significantly increased risk of HIVAN in carriers of two APOL1 risk alleles, a role in HIV infectivity has been postulated in the mechanism of APOL1 associated kidney disease. Herein, we aim to explore the association between HIV viremia and APOL1 genotype. In addition, we investigated interaction between BK and JC viruria, CKD and HIV viremia. A total of 199 persons living with HIV/AIDS (comprising 82 CKD cases and 117 controls) from among the participants in the ongoing Human Heredity and Health in Africa (H3Africa) Kidney Disease Research Network case control study have been recruited. The two APOL1 renal risk alleles (RRA) genotypes were associated with a higher risk of CKD (OR 12.6, 95% CI 3.89–40.8, p < 0.0001). Even a single APOL1 RRA was associated with CKD risk (OR 4.42, 95% CI 1.49–13.15, p = 0.007). The 2 APOL1 RRA genotypes were associated with an increased probability of having HIV viremia (OR 2.37 95% CI 1.0–5.63, p = 0.05). HIV viremia was associated with increased CKD risk (OR 7.45, 95% CI 1.66–33.35, P = 0.009) and with a significant reduction of JC virus urine shedding (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.12–0.98, p = 0.046). In contrast to prior studies, JC viruria was not associated with CKD but was restricted in patients with HIV viremia, regardless of CKD status. These findings suggest a role of APOL1 variants in HIV infectivity and emphasize that JC viruria can serve as biomarker for innate immune system activation.