Browsing by Author "Atalabi, O. M."

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Accidental ingestion of a drawing pin a case of an unusal foreign body in the Oesphagus
(2001) Agunloye, A. M.; Atalabi, O. M.; Obajimi, M. O.
Bilateral tardus-parvus waveform in kidneys secondary to mid-aortic syndrome in a hypertensive child
(2008) Atalabi, O. M.; Lee, E. Y.
Case report-Abdominal cocoon
(WAJM, 2001-10-12) Irabor, D. O; Atalabi, O. M.
Abdominal cocoon is a rare cause of acute intestinal obstruction seen almost exclusively in young adolecent females. Almost all cases are diagosed at surgery and cured by excising the fibrous cocoon. This case although diagnosed accidentally too was treated conservatively successfully.
Clinicoradiologic and sonographic patterns of metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma
(2006) Otegbayo, J. A.; Atalabi, O. M.; Yakubu, A.
Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage, when little remedy could be offered. There is a need for relatively affordable, available and non- invasive tests for diagonsis, staging and detection of metastasis among individuals at risk. A clinical, chest radiographic (CXR) and abdominal ultrasonographic examination was carried out to detect and evaluate the pattern of metastasis among 53 untreated patients. One patients had clinical paraparesis with no outward evidence of metastasis. CXR revealed lund metastasis in 11(20.8%), with multifocal deposit in one. Two (3.8%) patients had perihilar lymphadenopathy and consolidation, respectively, while 18 (34%) patients had elevated right hemidiaphragm and four (7.5%) had pleural effusion. One right hemidiaphragm and four (7.5%) had pleural effusion. One had right basal pneumonitis, multiple cavitatory lesions in the lungs fields and soft-tissue wasting. No abnormality was seen in 17 (32.1%) cases. Abdominal ultrasonograph showed probe tenderness in 22(41.5%), hepatomegaly in 49(92.5%), with 33(62.3%) of these having nodularities of varying sizes. The spleen was enlarged in 10(18.9%) cases, with para-aortic lymphadenopathy. Portal hepatic lymphadenopathy was demostrated in two (3.8%) cases, while pleural effusion was detected in seven (13.2%). Metastasis is common in HCC at presentation, the lung is the commonest site of spread. Clinically visible metastasis appears uncommon in HCC.
Computed tomography and childhood seizure disorder in Ibadan
(2004-04-06) Obajimi, M. O; Fatunde, O. J.; Ogunseyinde, A. O.; Omigbodun, O. O.; Atalabi, O. M.; Joel, R. U.
Background: Computed Tomography (CT) is an important tool for neuroimaging, it offers an opportunity to investigate structural lesion as a cause of seizures with little morbidity. This study is designed to evaluate its's applicability in children with epileptic seizures. Method: It is a descriptive study of the CT scans of the 103 consecutive children who were referred to the CT suite of the University College Hospital on account of seizure disorders over a 5 year period (1997-2001). Results: Only 103 (4.6%) of the subjects who had cranial scans done in five years were children with seizures disorders. The CT scans were abnormal in 53 (51.5%). Hydrocephalus was the most common finding in 14(13.6%). Cerebral atrophy and infarct were reported in 10.6% and 8.7% respectively. the outlined cranial fractures found in 6.8% were all depressed. A high incidence (74.4%) of abnormal scans was reported in the children with partial seizures. Thirty-three (62.3%) of the abnormal scans were amenable to surgery. The presence of neurologic deficit increased the yiled of abnormal CT features. Conclusion: CT scans are extreme value in the screening and difinitive evaluation of seizures in children. It is advocated for excluding treatable conditions and monitoring progression of the disorder.
Computerized tomography scan and head injury: the experience in a tertiary hospitl in nigeria. A cross sectional study
(Academic Journals, 2015) Akanji, O. A.; Akinola, R. A.; Balogun, B. O.; Akano, A. O.; Atalabi, O. M.; Akinkunmi, M. A. N.; Gbolahan, O. G.; Awosanya, G. O. G.
Trauma is the leading cause of death in all age groups, and head trauma is the cause of death in more than 50% of cases. Head injury reduces the level of physical and mental health of a community, ultimately increasing the socioeconomic burden. In our resource limited country, skull x ray was the main mode of investigating head trauma until recently when computerized tomography (CT) scans became the modality of choice in the initial work up of patients. In this study, we sought to document the various post traumatic CT scan findings following head injury in a tertiary hospital in Lagos and determine the sociodemograhic and radiological characterostic such patients. This was a descriptive, prospective, cross- sectional study of the CT scan findings of 400 cases with acute head trauma, from June 2010 to October 2011. The mean age of the participants was 32.7+ 18.2 years with a male to female ratio of 2.5:1. Majority, 65.5% of the study subjects had positive CT findings while the remaining, 34.5% had normal CT findinfs. Raod traffic accident(RTA) was found to be the most common cause of head injury, occuring in 69% cases, especially in the 21 to 30 years age group. Cerebral contusions, 35.5% and skull fractures, 34.3% were the most common lesions found while foreign body, 1.5% were the least. This study confirmed the versatility of CT scan in detecting both intracranial and extra cranial lesions in patients with head injury from RTA, which is the most common cause, while the most frequent lesion was cerebral constusion.
Cranial computerrized tomography in the evaluaaton of stroke patients in Ibadan
(2003-12) Ogunseyinde, A. O; Atalabi, O. M.
206 patients clinically diagnosed as stroke/cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) were investigated using computerized tomography (CT) scan. 19 patients(9%) had normal scan, while 20(9.7%) patients had other lesions including atrophy and tumours. Of the 167 (18.1%) patients proven to have suffered a cerebro-vascular accidents (CVA/ stroke), 73(43.7%) were haemorrhagic, 92(55.1%) were infarcts; and left side when it is heaemorrhagic than infarct (16.7%;38.3). The parietal and frontal lobes were affected when lesions occur in single site while caudate nucleus, putamen and ventricles are commonly affected when lesion is in more that 2 sites. The occipital lobe i.e. posterior cerebral artery territory is infrequently involved.
Dermatofibroma of the foot mimicking neurofibroma radiologically
(2006) Agunloye, A. M.; Atalabi, O. M.; Obajimi, M. O.; Adeyinka, A. O.
Do abnormal findings on hystero-salphingographic examination correlate with intensity of procedure associated pain?
(Women's Health and Action Research Center, 2014) Atalabi, O. M.; Osinaike, B. B.
"The aim of this study is to determine if the intensity and nature of pain during Hystero-Salphingography could give a clue to the presence of abnormal finding/so Eighty-two patients were recruited over a six-month period. Procedural pain was assessed using the numeric rating scale. Mean age was 33.2 ± 4.9 years. The median pain score in patients with normal findings was 6.0 but 7.0, 8.0. and 8.5 in those with right tubal blockade, uterine fibroids and left tubal blockade respectively. No statistical difference in the absolute pain score between patients with normal and abnormal findings, Pain scores in patients with I and 2 abnormalities were 7.0 and 7.5, and the number of abnormalities did not affect pain score (P = 0.3). The presence or absence of pain during HSG may not be a suitable way of determining the presence or absence of abnormal HSG finding "
Early endoscopic realignment of traumatic anterior and posterior urethral disruptions under caudal anaesthesia- a 5-year review
(Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Int J Clin Pract., 2010-01) Olapade-Olaopa, E. O.; Atalabi, O. M.; Adekanye, A. O.; Adebayo, S. A.,; Onawola, K. A.
Objective: We recently described early rigid retrograde endoscopic realignment of the disrupted urethra under caudal anaesthesia in the outpatient setting. This retrospective study was performed to evaluate our medium-term results. Patints and methods: A retrospective review of patients who had early rigid retrograde endoscopic realignment of traumatic urethral disruptions in our institution over a 5 -year period was done and relevant data extracted was analyzed. Results: Fourteen acutely ruptured urethras (10 psoterior and four anterior) were endoscopically realigned early in the study period. Nine (90%) of the posterior disruptions occured at bulbo-membranous urethra (distal to the external sphincter mechanism). Thirteen of the rupted urethras (93%) were successfully realigned (nine posterior and four anterior) and postoperative clean intermitten self-callibration (CIC) was instituted in 10 patients. The mean follow-up period was 36.6 months (range 18-54 months). The meanoperating time and the median hospital stay were 22min(range8-68min) and 3 days (range 1-10 days), respectively, and were shorter in patients with injuries of the anterior urethra than those with potent and continent. Two patients required additional procedures (direct vision internal urethrotomy or urethral dilation) and one patient has remianed on CIC. i.e. a stricture rate of 21%. Conclusion: Early retrograde endoscopic realignment under caudal analgesia is sutiable and cost-effective for patients with acute traumatic urethral disruptions and has good meduim-term results. In additon, an early psot-operative regimen of CIC significantly reduced stricture-formation in our series.
Essential radiology for trauma in a primary health care setting
(2016) Atalabi, O. M.
Estimation of the risk of cancer associated with pediatric cranial computed tomography
(ScienceDomain, 2015) Atalabi, O. M.; Akiniade, B. I.; Adekanmi, A. J
Background: The role of computed tomography (CT) in the medical diagnosis of diseases has greatly expanded, desipte the potential risk of cancer following exposures to ionising radiation (x-ray) from this modality. This risk is partially of great concerns in children, who are more radiosensitive and have many years to manifest radiation effect than adults. Aims: To estimate risk of cancer induction from pediatric cranial CT. Materials and methods: A total of 203 patients, who were refered from various pediatric clinics and wards for cranial CT in a teaching hospital in the south western Nigeria between the year 2011 and 2013 were considered. All patients were grouped into four age (year) groups: less than 1, 1-5,5-10 and 10-15. A mathematical method was used to estimate the risk of cancer from the effective dose (ED) calculated from volume computed tomography dose index (CTDlvol), dose length product (DLP) and statndard conversion factor. Results: The range of CTDlvol (MGy) recieved by all patients was 10-250mGy while majority of the patients recieved 50-100. The range of DLP (mGy.cm) recieved by all patients and majority of the patient 500-5000 and 2001-2500 respectively. The risk estimated with respect to patients' age showed that patient was 1-25 and 5-10 respectively. The risk estimated with respect to patients' age showed that patient in the group 1-5years have the highest risk of cancer induction while risk based on gender showed on significant difference. Conclusion: Over 60% of pediatric patiens received more than the recommended values of CTDlvol, DLP and ED from cranial CT.Urgent steps must be taken to ensure compliant with international recommended precaution for does reduction in pediatric medical imaging.
Evaluation of renal blood flow using doppler sonography in children with acute-falciparum malaria in south-western Nigeria
(ScienceDomain, 2015) Adekanmi, A. J.; Atalabi, O. M.; Orimadegun, A. E.; Afolabi, N. B.
Background: Renal blood flow evaluation during malaria illness is rarely done despite the high incidence of kidney injury from malaria and availability of doppler ultrasound scanners in malaria endemic areas. Aims: This study is to evaluate the renal blood flow changes using doppler ultrasonography among uncomplicated and complicated malaria subsets of pediatric patient with laboratory evidence of malaria parasitemia and without background clinical and laboratory evidence of renal impairment. And to compare these with parameter of age matched healthy pediatric control. Study Design: This was a prospective case control study of renal doppler indicies in children with acute malaria. Place of study: The study was conducted among pediatric patients presenting at the children outpatient clinics, emergency and pediatric wards of the University College Hospital(UCH), Ibadan Nigeria. Methodology: Doppler indicies of 602 kidneys were evaluated among 85 uncomplicated (UM), 85 complicated malaria (CM) children that presented within 24 hours and follow up scans on days 3 and 5 of thier illness. These were compared with that of 131 healthy children (control). Results: The main renal artery diameter of the CM group was 0.41+ 0.07mm, UM=0.48+0.09mm and 0.53+ 0.11mm (p=<0.001) in the control group. The main renal vein diameter were0.59+0.11mm and 0.48+0.10mm and 0.63+0.15mm (P=<0.000) among the CM, UM and the control group respectively. The PSV and EDV were slightly lower in the malaria groups than in the control group. PSV=49.01+18.21 cm/s in the UM and CM=50.71+19.68 cm/s. The control group PSV was 56.95 + 15.47 cm/s. AT was however significantly lower in the two malaria subgroups than in the control. (UM=47.70+18.28 cm/s CM=52.33+21.06 cm/s and control=75.20+27.66 cm/s respectively (p=< 0.000). The intrarenal S/D in UM was 2.73+ 0.49 and the CM group S/D was 3.05+ 0.65 and control =2.62+ 0.47 (P=0.04). Slightly lower but statistically insignificant mean values were seen in the RI and PI. Conclusion: The main renal arterial and vein diameters ans the intra renal vessel AT are significantly reduced during acute falciparum malaria illness. The intra-renal PSV and EDV are likely to be lower in acute falciparum malaria than in the normal healthy children. The intra-renal S/D are significantly higher in the UM and CM. Also, the PI and RI are likely to be higher in the malaria groups. The AT and S/D both showed inverse and direct relationship respectively as malaria severity worsens. We propose that renal doppler ultrasound can be used to monitor renal status and should be included in the management of children with acute malaria infection more so in malaria endemic area.
Experience with sonogram-guided hydrostatic reduction of intussusception children in South-West Nigeria
(The West African College of Surgeons, 2013) Ogundoyin, O. O.; Atalabi, O. M.; Lawal, T. A.; Olulana, D. I.
"Background Intussusception is a common cause of intestinal obstruction in young children. The diagnosis and treatment of intussusception has evolved over the years with ultrasound being the first choice imaging technique and a major player in the non-operative reduction of intussusception owing to its advantage of reduced morbidity and non-exposure to ionizing radiation when compared to other modalities of treatment.Aim & Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of ultrasound guided hydrostatic reduction in the management of intussusception in children and assess the predictors of reducibility.Methods: A prospective study of all infants and children who presented with uncomplicated intussusception was conducted between January, 2005 and September, 2013. The diagnosis of intussusception was made clinically and this was confirmed by an abdominal ultrasonography. Ultrasound guided hydrostatic reduction of intussusception was performed on the selected patients after they were adequately resuscitated. Failed was abandoned in favour of operative reduction in some patients. Data collected included the age of the patient, duration of symptoms and the outcomes of the procedure and these were analyzed. Results: Eighty-four patients with intussusception were treated over this period, 36(42,9%) patients were found suitable for hydrostatic reduction of intussusception. Twenty-four(66.7%) patients presented within 48 hours of onset of symptoms. Twenty-one(58.3%) patients had successful hydrostatic reduction of intussusceptions while 15 (41.7%) patients had failed reduction. The procedure was successful in majority (58%) of the patients age of 1 year and one of the three (33%) patients older than one year. Hydrostatic reduction of intussusceptions was successful in 14 out of 24 patients (58.3%) who presented within 48 hours of onset of symptoms. Conclusion: Hydrostatic reduction of intussusception under ultrasound guidance is an effective and use conservative method of management in carefidly selected children with intussusception. Overall, this modality treatment is cost effective and could readily be used for patients in resource poor environment. It also monitors the reduction process and visualizes the components of the intussusception including the lead points. "
Factors influencing the pratcie of hydrostatic reduction of intussusception amongst radiologists in a developing country
(2009) Lawal, T. A.; Atalabi, O. M.; Adekanmi, A. J.; Ogundoyin, O. O
Background: Intussesception is a mojor cuase of intestinal obstruction in children and can be treated operatively or non-operatively. Surgery is associated with mortality rates, in dveloping countries of 8.5% to 18%. Hydrostatic reduction is a cost effective treatment that can lower the mortality rate in resource poor settings. However, the teachnique is not widely performed inspite of the advantages. Objectives: We reviewed factors influencing the current practice of hydrostatic reduction of intussusception by radiologists in Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A survey of radiologists was conducted using structured self adminsitered questionnaires. Strenght of assocition between the practice of hydrostatic reduction and variables related to the workforce was evaluated using Fisher's exact test. Result: Fifty-one participants were studied. Three (18.8%) hospitals have at least one consultant radiologist focusing on pediatric surgeon or more. Hydrostatic reduction is practiced in hospitals with a radiologist with interest in pediatric radiology, (p=0.002). Lack of expertise was given as the main reason why hte other hospitals have not commenced the procedure.
Image gently .One size does not fit all
(Book Builders. Editors Africa. 2 Awosika Avenue, Bodija, Ibadan, Nigeria, 2010-07) Atalabi, O. M.
Low field MR imaging of sellar and parasellar lesions: Experience in a developing country hospital
(2011) Ogbole, G. I; Adeyinka, O. A.; Okolo, C. A.; Ogun, A. O.; Atalabi, O. M.
Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), an advancement which followed computed tomography (CT) is expensive and inaccessible in most dveloping countries. However it is the procedure of choice in evaluating sellar and parasellar lessions. Its major advantages are its superior soft tissue contrast differentiation, its capacity for multiplanar imaging and nonexistence of ionising radiation. Its use is relatively new in Nigeria, a developing economy in Africa. Since its introduction in 2005, it has been utilised extensively for neuroimaging at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan; a large hospital is south-western Nigeria. Objective: To review the role and pattern of low field MR imaging in sellar and parasellar lesions presenting to a tertiary care centre in Nigeria. Methods: All 62 patients with clinically suspected sellar and parasellar masses, referred to the department of Radiology, UCH Ibadan for MRI between December 2006 and January 2010 were retrospectively analysed. The examinations were performed using an open 0.2T permanent magnet MR unit. T1W, T2W,T2/ FLAIR, TOF and T1W post gadolinium DTPA sequences of the sellar region were obtained. Result: Of the 62 patients, there were 27 males and 35 females. The modal age group was 40-49 years with a mean age of 39.94 years (±16.65years). Twenty-four cases (38.7%) had histological daignosis, of which 20(83.3%) were consitent with initial MRI diagnosis. Pituitary adenomas were the commonest (58.06%) lesions of the sellar and parasellar regions. Others include parasellar meningiomas, cranipharyngiomas, and gaint aneurysms. Headache and visual impariment were the major presenting features and showed no significant correlation with tumor size. Conclusion: The use of low filed MRI in the diagnostic evalauation of patients with suspected sellar or parasellar lesions in developing countries of low economic resource is commendable as it provides beneficial outcomes in management.
The lumbosacral radiographs in the initial screening of low back pain- is one view enough?
(2011-07-09) Atalabi, O. M.; Ogunlade, S. O.; Agunloye, A. A.
Background: Radiological imaging is mandatory, when investigating patients with low back pain (LBP). A minimum of three plain radiographic views of lumbosacral spine are routinely requested for by the attending clinicians. Objective: The study therefore carried out to determine if only one view will be sufficient in the initial screening of patients with low back pain. Material and Methods: The antero-posterior (AP) and lateral plain radiographs of patients referred to the radiology department on account of low back pains in an eighteen month period (June 2007 to Novermber 2008) were reported by two certified radiologists. The findings were subjected to statistical analysis. The kappa agreement for two independent reports was between 0.602 and 0.908. Results: The radiographs for 638 patients were reviewed. 365 (57.2%) were females and 273(42.8%) were males. The age ranged from 20 years to 85 years with a mean of 56.4 years. Within the age group of 20-69 years, females were found to significanlty present earlier than with LBP (P<0.041). The AP view had a significantly higher rate of reported normal findings that the lateral view (p<0.000). Osteophytic outgrowth was the commonest finding in both views although the rate of detection was higher on the lateral view, as with the other abnormal findings. Conclusion: This study shows that the lateral radiographs show significantly more findings than AP on plain radiographs. It is therefore recommended that lateral radiograph is adequate in the initial screening of patients with low back pain.
Misconception about ultrasound among Nigeiran women attending specialist and tertiary health institutions in Ibadan
(2012-08) Adekanmi, A. J; Morhason-Bello, I. O; Atalabi, O. M.; Adedokun, B. O.; Adeniji-Sofoluwe, A. A.; Marinho, A. O.
Background: In women health, ultasound is well established as a safe tool, and it is often the first imaging modality employed in the, screening, investigation and treatment of conditions in obstetrics and gynaecology. However, women's misconceptions about health issues, aetiology and treatment of diseases conditions may have negetive impact on thier health care seeking behaviour. Client's perspective of diagnosis including investigation process is therefore crucial in health care. This study aimed at finding out the misconceptions expressed by clients about ultrasound, and the potential predictors associated with this attitude among women in Nigeria. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among 3137 women who presented for transabdominal ultrasound scan between August and November 2010 in two referral hospitals in Nigeria. Data were obtained using a questionnaire. Descriptive and multivariate analysis was performed applying logistic regression analysis; predictors of misconceptions expressed by clients about ultrasoung, and misconception among women in Nigeria were identified using SPSS statistics (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL) version 17 software. Results: The mean age of the women was 33.8 years (standard deviation=7.0), with 88.8% currently married. More than half of the respondents had tertiary education (56.6%), followed by secondary school education (34.5%), primary education(7.8%) and no formal education (1.1%). There were 59 women who held the misconception that ultrasound was dangerous to health accounting for 1.9% of the study population. The reasons given by this group of women included; 'ultrasound can kill or destroys the body cells'(35.6%); 'it can cause cancer' (15.3%); 'the radiation is only dangerous to some organs of the body' (6.8%); 'it can harm or deform the fetus'(6.7%); 'it is only dangerous when exposure is frequent'(5.1%) and 'only dangerous when handled by unskilled medical personnel' (1.7%). Conclusion: This study provides insight to the wide range of issues about clients' perception and misconception regarding ultrasound safety. These issues have to be addressed to improve better compliance and patronage about ultrasound scans in Nigeria. We suggest that robust conseling sessions is imperative to address all the views and possible concerns of clients to improve better service delivery.
Normal sonographic dimensions for liver, spleen and kidneys in healthy South West Nigerian children-a pilot study
(West African College of Physicians and the West African College of Surgeons., 2015) Umeh, E.A; deniji-Sofoluwe, T. A.; Adekanmi, A. J.; Atalabi, O. M.
Ultrasonography measurement of abdominal organ dimensions in children of all ages is utilized in the monitoring of abdominal organ growth pattern, diagonosis and follow-up of patients with a variety of diseases.Base line references values are necessary to determine from the m=normal in pathological states. These values are well established in the developed countries but local reference levels are sparse in this environment. This is a descriptive prospective pilot study done at Ibadan, Nigeria. One hundred and twenty-nine clinically healthy nursery and primary school children, aged between 3 and 10 years consisting of 74 females and 55 males were recruited into the study. Consent was sought from the school authorities and more importanantly from the parents/care givers through letters written through the school authorities. Those pupils whose parents/ care givers gave consent were included in the study. The age of each child was documented in months. Height was measured in meters using a measuring tape with child standing against a vertical wall. Weight was also measured using a ZT standing weighing scale. EAch child underwent abdominal ultrasound evaluation and measurement of liver, spleen and renal diamenters. These parameters were recorded on a prepared data sheet.