Browsing by Author "Ayede, A. I."

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Acute kidney injury among paediatric emergency room admissions in a tertiary hospital in South West Nigeria: a cohort study
(Oxford University Press, 2019) Ademola, A. D.; Asinobi, A. O.; Ekpe-Adewuyi, E.; Ayede, A. I.; Ajayi, S. O.; Raji, Y. R.; Salako, B. L.; James, M.; Zappitelli, M.; Samuel, S. M.
Background. Epidemiological data on paediatric acute kidney injury (AKI) in sub-Saharan Africa are limited and largely retrospective. We performed a prospective study of AKI among patients admitted through the emergency room. Methods. Children admitted to the post-neonatal emergency room of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria between February 2016 and January 2017 were studied. AKI was defined by Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes serum creatinine criteria. AKI ascertainment relied on serum creatinine measurements carried out in routine care by post admission Day 1. We compared in-hospital mortality by post-admission Day 7 for patients with and without AKI (no-AKI). Results. Of the 1344 children admitted to the emergency room, 331 were included in the study. AKI occurred in 112 patients (33.8%) with a median age of 3.1 years [interquartile range (IQR) 0.9–9.4] and was Stage 3 in 50.5% of the cases. The no-AKI group had a median age of 1.8 (IQR 0.7–5.8) years. The underlying diagnoses in patients with AKI were sepsis (33.0%), malaria (12.5%) and primary renal disorders (13.4%). Twenty-four of the patients with AKI underwent dialysis: haemodialysis in 20 and peritoneal dialysis in 4. By Day 7 of admission, 7 of 98 (7.1%) patients in the AKI group had died compared with 5 of 175 (2.9%) patients in the no-AKI group [odds ratio 2.6 (95% confidence interval 0.8–8.5)]. Outcome data were not available for 58 (17.5%) patients. Conclusions. AKI is common among paediatric emergency room admissions in a tertiary care hospital in sub-Saharan Africa. It is associated with high mortality risk that may be worse in settings without dialysis.
Congenital anomalies in Ibadan, Nigeria
(Spectrum Books. Publisher, Ibadan Nigeria, 2016) Ayede, A. I.; Adeleye, A. O.; Olusanya, A. A.; Ademola, A. D.; Olayemi, O.; Ogbole, G. I.; Akinmoladun, J. A.; Agunloye, A. M.; Akinrinoye, O. O.; Takure, A. O.; Oyewole, O. B.; Oluwatosin, O. M.; Omokhodion, S. I.
Background: There is a need for a multidisciplinary database that can be used as a potential source for developing a protocol and a guideline for a possible nationwide prospective surveillance of congenital anomalies in Nigeria. Methods: This five-year cross-sectional retrospective survey of data from January 2009 to December 2013 was done at the University College Hospital, Ibadan. Data were collected from the admission records on the wards in 8 specialty units with the most workable documented clinical records of congenital anomalies in their care using a predesigned proforma. Proportions of congenital anomalies were determined based on systemic classification of the anomalies and the descriptive terms used were according to the ICD_10-chapter XVIII_RCPCH extension. Result: The total number of patients with congenital anomalies whose records were obtained from the ward registers was 1311, there were 75 (5.7%) missing case notes while information was obtained on 1236 (94.3%) patients. There were a total of 1479 anomalies with multiple anomalies seen in 16.1% of the patients. The male/female ratio was 2:1 and multiple births as well as positive family history of birth defects were seen in about 2.4% and 2.2% of cases respectively. Prenatal diagnosis of the anomalies was documented in only 11 cases (0.9%). Only about one in five cases presented within the neonatal period, and defects of the abdominal wall as well as the cranial-facial-orbital regions were the most prevalent. Next were those in the cardiovascular, spinal column, anorectal and genital, as well as musculoskeletal systems. Conclusion: The size and pan-systemic profiles of the birth defects documented in this study calls for further action on this all-important cause of childhood mortality and significant life-long morbidity in our country.
Ophthalmic congenital anomalies: spectrum and systemic associations in a Nigerian tertiary hospital
(2017) Olusanya, B. A.; Ayede, A. I.; Adeleye, A. O.; Olusanya, A. A.; Lawal, T. A.; Baiyeroju, A. M.; Ogunkunle, O. O.; Joel-Medewase, V. I.; Adebayo, B. E.; Akinrinoye, O. O.; Ashubu, O. F.; Omokhodion, S. I.
Background: To document the pattern of ophthalmic congenital anomalies and their associated systemic anomalies in Nigeria’s foremost university teaching hospital. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study conducted at the University College Hospital, Ibadan from January 2009 to December 2013. Clinic and ward registers of various departments and units in the hospital were reviewed to identify children with any structural abnormality, present at birth, which involved the eye and/or its adnexae. Results: Two hundred and forty eight children with 259 ophthalmic congenital anomalies were studied. The median age was 1.2 years with an interquartile range of 4.6 years. The male to female ratio was 1.27:1. Congenital cataract was found in 109 (44%) patients; 40 (15.4%) children had congenital glaucoma, and whole globe anomalies were observed in 18 (6.9%) children. Eighteen (7.9%) children had a family history of congenital anomalies. Associated systemic congenital anomalies were seen in 32 (12.9%) patients with the most common being cardiovascular anomalies in 13 (5.2%) patients. Children who had congenital cataracts were more likely to have multiple associated systemic anomalies (p<0.005). All the children who had associated cardiovascular anomalies had congenital cataracts (p= 0.001). Conclusion: The commonest ophthalmic congenital anomaly presenting for tertiary care in Ibadan is congenital cataract. Cardiovascular anomalies are the commonest systemic association of ophthalmic congenital anomalies. There is an urgent need for the establishment of a registry for congenital anomalies with effective screening and active surveillance within the Nigerian health system.
Ophthalmic congenital anomalies: spectrum and systemic associations in a Nigerian tertiary hospital
(2017) Olusanya, B. A.; Ayede, A. I.; Adeleye, A. O.; Olusanya, A. A.; Lawal, T. A.; Baiyeroju, A. M.; Ogunkunle, O. O.; Joel-Medewase, V. I.; Adebayo, B. E.; Akinrinoye, O. O.; Ashubu, O. F.; Omokhodion, S. I.
Background: To document the pattern of ophthalmic congenital anomalies and their associated systemic anomalies in Nigeria’s foremost university teaching hospital. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study conducted at the University College Hospital, Ibadan from January 2009 to December 2013. Clinic and ward registers of various departments and units in the hospital were reviewed to identify children with any structural abnormality, present at birth, which involved the eye and/or its adnexae. Results: Two hundred and forty eight children with 259 ophthalmic congenital anomalies were studied. The median age was 1.2 years with an interquartile range of 4.6 years. The male to female ratio was 1.27:1. Congenital cataract was found in 109 (44%) patients; 40 (15.4%) children had congenital glaucoma, and whole globe anomalies were observed in 18 (6.9%) children. Eighteen (7.9%) children had a family history of congenital anomalies. Associated systemic congenital anomalies were seen in 32 (12.9%) patients with the most common being cardiovascular anomalies in 13 (5.2%) patients. Children who had congenital cataracts were more likely to have multiple associated systemic anomalies (p<0.005). All the children who had associated cardiovascular anomalies had congenital cataracts (p= 0.001). Conclusion: The commonest ophthalmic congenital anomaly presenting for tertiary care in Ibadan is congenital cataract. Cardiovascular anomalies are the commonest systemic association of ophthalmic congenital anomalies. There is an urgent need for the establishment of a registry for congenital anomalies with effective screening and active surveillance within the Nigerian health system.
Retinopathy of prematurity in a tertiary facility: an initial report of a screening programme
(Paediatric Association of Nigeria, 2020) Olusanya, B. A.; Oluleye, T. S.; Tongo, O. O.; Ugalahi, M. O.; Babalola, Y. O.; Ayede, A. I.; Baiyeroju, A. M.
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening in Nigeria is at a nascent stage and at the moment there are no National guidelines for ROP screening in Nigeria. Thus it is desirable for screening programs to report findings amongst screened preterm infants in order to facilitate the development of national ROP screening criteria and guidelines. The aim of this report is to describe the frequency, severity and risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) among preterm and very low-birth-weight babies screened within the first year of initiating an ROP screening program at a Nigerian tertiary facility. Methods: A cross-sectional study of infants born at less than 34 weeks gestational age; or with birth weight less than 1500g between May 2016 and May 2017. ROP screening examinations were performed by ophthalmologists with the use of an indirect ophthalmoscope, after pupillary dilation, in collaboration with the neonatology team. Information on gestational age at birth, birth weight, oxygen therapy and presence of other risk factors were recorded and analyzed. Results: A total of 74 infants were screened during the period. There were 36 (48.6%) males. Mean gestational age at birth was 29.6 (±2.35) weeks. Mean birth weight was 1.26 (±0.27) kg with a range of 800 to 1950g. ROP was detected in 9 (12.2%) infants. Two (22.2%) of these had Threshold ROP. There was no significant difference between the mean birth weight and mean gestational age of the infants who had ROP compared to those without ROP. The two infants with Threshold ROP were treated with intravitreal Bevazicumab and had regression of ROP. Conclusion: Retinopathy of prematurity was diagnosed in at risk infants in this facility. There is, therefore, a need to establish ROP screening programs in all neonatal units across the country. In addition, established programs need to evaluate their screening criteria with a view towards developing country-specific screening guidelines.