Browsing by Author "Chatterji, S."

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Pre-marital predictors of marital violence in the WHO World mental health (WMH) surveys
(Springer, 2019) Stokes, C. M.; Alonso, J.; Andrade, L. H.; Atwoli, L.; Cardoso, G.; Chiu, W. T.; Dinolova, R. V.; Gureje, O.; Karam, A. M.; Karam, G.; Kessler, R. C.; Chatterji, S.; King, A.; Lee, S.; Mneimneh, Z.; Oladeji, B. D.; Petukhova, M.; Rapsey, C.; Sampson, N. A.; Scott, K.; Street, A.; Viana, M. C.; Williams, M. A.; Bossarte, R. M.
Purpose Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a pervasive public health problem. Existing research has focused on reports from victims and few studies have considered pre-marital factors. The main objective of this study was to identify pre-marital predictors of IPV in the current marriage using information obtained from husbands and wives. Methods Data from were obtained from married heterosexual couples in six countries. Potential predictors included demographic and relationship characteristics, adverse childhood experiences, dating violence, and psychiatric disorders. Reports of IPV and other characteristics from husbands and wives were considered independently and in relation to spousal reports. Results Overall, 14.4% of women were victims of IPV in the current marriage. Analyses identified ten significant variables including age at first marriage (husband), education, relative number of previous marriages (wife), history of one or more categories of childhood adversity (husband or wife), history of dating violence (husband or wife), early initiation of sexual intercourse (husband or wife), and four combinations of internalizing and externalizing disorders. The final model was moderately predictive of marital violence, with the 5% of women accounting for 18.6% of all cases of marital IPV. Conclusions Results from this study advance understanding of pre-marital predictors of IPV within current marriages, including the importance of considering differences in the experiences of partners prior to marriage and may provide a foundation for more targeted primary prevention efforts.
Profile and determinants of successful aging in the Ibadan study of aging
(2014) Gureje, O.; Oladeji, B. D.; Abiona, T.; Chatterji, S.
OBJECTIVES: To determine the profile and determinants of successful aging in a developing country characterized by low life expectancy and where successful agers may represent a unique group. DESIGN: Community-based cohort study. SETTING: Eight contiguous states in the Yoruba-speaking region of Nigeria. PARTICIPANTS: A multistage clustered sampling of households was used to select a representative sample of individuals (N = 2,149) aged 65 and older at baseline. Nine hundred thirty were successfully followed for an average of 64 months between August 2003 and December 2009. MEASUREMENTS: Lifestyle and behavioral factors were assessed at baseline. Successful aging, defined using each of three models (absence of chronic health conditions, functional independence, and satisfaction with life), was assessed at follow-up. RESULTS: Between 16% and 75% of respondents could be classified as successful agers using one of the three models while 7.5% could be so classified using a combination of all the models. Correlations between the three models were small, ranging from 0.08 to 0.15. Different features predicted their outcomes, suggesting that they represent relatively independent trajectories of aging. Whichever model was used, more men than women tended to be classified as aging successfully. Men who aged successfully, using a combination of all the three models, were more likely never to have smoked (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 4.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.55–14.46) and to report, at baseline, having contacts with friends (aOR = 4.2, 95% CI = 1.0–18.76) or participating in community activities (aOR = 16.0, 95% CI = 1.23–204.40). In women, there was a nonlinear trend for younger age at baseline to predict this outcome. CONCLUSION: Modifiable social and lifestyle factors predicted successful aging in this population, suggesting that health promotion targeting behavior change may lead to tangible benefits for health and well-being in old age.