Browsing by Author "Ebokaiwe, A. P."

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Nigerian Bonny Light crude oil disrupts antioxidant systems in testes and sperm of Rats
(Springer Science, 2010) Farombi, E. O. || || || ||; Adedara, I. A.; Ebokaiwe, A. P.; Teberen, R.; Ehwerhemuepha, T.
Nigerian Bonny light crude oil (BLCO) is commonly used by the local population in folklore medicine
Nigerian bonny light crude oil induces endocrine disruption in male rats
(Informa Healthcare USA,, 2013) Adedara, I. A.; Ebokaiwe, A. P.; Mathur, P. P.; Farombi, E. O.
Exposure to Nigerian bonny light crude oil (BLCO) in the southern part of Nigeria has been reported to be associated with reproductive toxicity, but there is paucity of information on its interference with steroidogenesis. This study investigated the influence of BLCO on testicular steroidogenesis and plasma levels of hormones from the pituitary and thyroid components of the brain–pituitary–testicular axis. Adult male Wistar rats were orally treated with BLCO dissolved in corn oil at 0, 200 and 800 mg/kg for 7 days. Immunoblot analysis revealed that BLCO exposure suppressed steroid acute regulatory protein and androgen-binding protein expression with concomitant decrease in 3b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) and 17bhydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities. BLCO exposure significantly decreased plasma concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin and intratesticular testosterone, but elevated thyrotropin, triiodothyronine and thyroxine above the control values. The data presented herein indicate that undue exposure to BLCO has an inhibitory effect on testicular steroidogenesis. The underlying mechanisms for BLCO-induced testicular dysfunction may involve its disruptive effect on the brain–pituitary–testicular axis. These observations highlight the potential risk to public health for a population where, unfortunately, oil spillages occur frequently.
Sperm functional parameters and erythrocytes oxidant–antioxidant imbalance during municipal landfill leachate treatment withdrawal in rats
(Elsevier B.V., 2014) Adedara, I. A.; Lawal, T. A.; Adesina, A. A.; Oyebiyi, O. O.; Ebokaiwe, A. P.; Farombi, E. O.
Adequate information on how leachates affect hematological and reproductive functions is necessary to help in linking causality with predictable response. The present study investigated the effects of Olushosun municipal landfill leachate (OMLL) exposure and withdrawal on sperm characteristics and erythrocytes oxidant–antioxidant balance in rats. Adult male Wistar rats were exposed to 0%, 12.5% and 25% OMLL in drinking water for 28 days. One half of the rats in each group were sacrificed on day 29 while the remaining one-half stayed an additional 28 days without treatment. OMLL exposure significantly decreased sperm functional parameters, disrupted antioxidant systems with concomitant elevation in hydrogen peroxide and malondial dehyde levels in erythrocytes and sperm. Following withdrawal of treatment, OMLL-mediated decrease in sperm count and daily sperm production were reversed to near control. However, erythrocytes and sperm oxidative damage, increased sperm abnormalities, decreased epididymis weight, sperm progressive motility and testicular sperm number persisted and were consistent with results obtained from rats sacrificed immediately after OMLL treatment. Collectively, OMLL-induced irreversible oxidative damage to erythrocytes and sperm in rats within the time course of investigation. These findings highlight potential adverse effects of OMLL on individuals unduly exposed to leachates contaminated substances.
Tissues distribution of heavy metals and erythrocytes antioxidant status in rats exposed to Nigerian bonny light crude oil
(Sage Publishers, 2011) Adedara, I. A.; Ebokaiwe, A. P.; Farombi, E. O.
The harmful effects of folkloric uses of Nigerian bonny light crude oil (BLCO) in ailments management may outweigh the expected beneficial effects. We investigated the levels of heavy metal concentrations in the tissues as well as the effect of BLCO on the antioxidant status of erythrocytes of rats after oral exposure to 0, 200 and 800 mg/kg BLCO for 7 days. Analysis of heavy metal concentrations in BLCO showed that Zn > Fe > Pb > Cu > Ni. The trend of accumulation of the metals in the tissues is blood—Fe > Pb >Zn whereas Cu and Ni levels were not affected; Liver—Ni > Zn > Fe > Cu > Pb and Testes—Ni > Cu > Pb > Zn > Fe. The order of concentration of the metals in the tissues is as follows: iron—blood > liver > testes; zinc—liver > blood > testes; lead—blood > liver > testes; copper—testes > liver > blood; nickel—liver > testes > blood. Activities of the antioxidant enzymes of erythrocytes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner with significant elevation in hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde levels, whereas glutathione level was not significantly decreased in BLCO-treated animals. Collectively, the results showed that BLCO induces oxidative damage to erythrocytes of rats.