Browsing by Author "Ezeanochie, M."

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An assessment of ovarian cancer histologic types across the African Diaspora
(2021) George, S. H. L.; Omotoso, A.; Pinto, A.; Mustapha, A.; Sanchez-Covarrubias, A. P.; Umar, U. A.; Umar, A. B.; Oluwasola, T. A. O.; Okolo, C. A.; Anthony, U. U.; Ukekw, F. I.; Bakari, M. A.; Dahiru, A. M. C.; Abdullahi, H. I.; Abimiku, B. A.; Abdurrahman, A.; Usman, A.; Ahmed, S. A.; Usman, H. A.; Kabir, A.; Eleje, G. U.; Chiemeka, M. E.; Nzeribe, E.; Nweke, I.; Kadas, S. A.; Suleiman, D. E.; Ekanem, E.; Uche, U. M.; Paul, J.; Agwu, U. M.; Edegbe, F. O.; Anorlu, R. I.; Banjo, A.; Ajenifuja, K. O.; Fawole, A. A.; Kazeem, I. O. O.; Magaji, F.; Silas, O.; Athanasius, B. P.; Tamunomie, N. K.; Abudu, E. B. K.; Ango, I. G.; Abdullahi K.; Lawal, I.; Kabir, S. A.; Ekanem, V.; Ezeanochie, M.; Yahaya, U. R.; Castillo, M. N.; Bahall, V.; Chatrani, V.; Brambury, I.; Bowe, S.; Halliday, D.; Bruney, G.; Butler, R.; Ragin, C.; Odedina, F.; Chamala, S.; Schlumbrecht, M.; Audu, B.
Objective: Ovarian cancer in Black women is common in many West African countries but is relatively rare in North America. Black women have worse survival outcomes when compared to White women. Ovarian cancer histotype, diagnosis, and age at presentation are known prognostic factors for outcome. We sought to conduct a preliminary comparative assessment of these factors across the African diaspora. Methods: Patients diagnosed with ovarian cancer (all histologies) between June 2016- December 2019 in Departments of Pathology at 25 participating sites in Nigeria were identified. Comparative population-based data, inclusive of Caribbean-born Blacks (CBB) and US-born Blacks (USB), were additionally captured from the International Agency for Research on Cancer and Florida Cancer Data Systems. Histology, country of birth, and age at diagnosis data were collected and evaluated across the three subgroups: USB, CBB and Nigerians. Statistical analyses were done using chi-square and student’s t-test with significance set at p<0.05. Results: Nigerians had the highest proportion of germ cell tumor (GCT, 11.5%) and sexcord stromal (SCST, 16.2%) ovarian cancers relative to CBB and USB (p=0.001). CBB (79.4%) and USB (77.3%) women were diagnosed with a larger proportion of serous ovarian cancer than Nigerians (60.4%) (p<0.0001). Nigerians were diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancers at the youngest age (51.7± 12.8 years) relative to USB (58.9 ± 15.0) and CBB (59.0± 13.0,p<0.001). Black women [CBB (25.2 ± 15.0), Nigerians (29.5 ± 15.1), and USB (33.9 ± 17.9)] were diagnosed with GCT younger than White women (35.4 ± 20.5, p=0.011). Black women [Nigerians (47.5 ± 15.9), USB (50.9 ± 18.3) and CBB (50.9 ± 18.3)] were also diagnosed with SCST younger than White women (55.6 ± 16.5, p<0.01). Conclusion: There is significant variation in age of diagnosis and distribution of ovarian cancer histotype/diagnosis across the African diaspora. The etiology of these findings requires further investigation.
Improving treatment outcome for cervical cancer using 2-point assessment of quality of life among Nigerian women: a protocol for a multi-centre study.
(2023) Umemmuo, M. U.; Eleje, G. U.; Oluwasola, T. A.; Ezeanochie, M.; Usman, H. A.; Galadanchi, J. S.; Agbanu, C. M.; Rabiu, A.
Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women globally, with quality of life (QOL) being a major concern for patients with cervical cancer, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This is largely due to the advanced nature of the disease at presentation. Although there are a higher number of studies focusing on the QOL of high-income countries, the QOL of cervical cancer patients in LMICs is not available. The aim of this study is to evaluate QOL among women with cervical cancer in Nigeria using a 2-point assessment. Methods: A multi-center prospective cohort study will be conducted in 6 tertiary health facilities randomly selected from the 6 geopolitical zones of Nigeria and consisting of a 2-point assessment of the QOL of participants at the time of diagnosis of cervical cancer and after treatment. Women who were recently diagnosed with histologically confirmed cervical cancer (treatment naïve) will be included. QOL will be assessed using Quality of Life Questionnaire domains (EORTC QLQ30) as developed by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). In addition to the QOL assessment, relevant and clinicopathological variables will be obtained using a self-structured data extraction sheet designed for this study. All data will be anonymized and will be analyzed using SPSS version 25. Levels of QOL will be calculated using EORTC QLQ30. Ethical approval was obtained from National Health Research Ethics Committee (NHREC/01/01/2007-08/11/2021). Discussion : In view of the paucity of data on QOL in LMICs like Nigeria, where most women with cervical cancer present with advanced disease, this research was designed to help in formulating evidence-based interventions to improve the QOL and treatment outcomes provided to women with cervical cancer in Nigeria and other LMICs. The study is expected to fill these knowledge gaps.
Society of obstetrics and gynecologOkapani, A.y of Nigeria – clinical practice guidelines: guidelines for the prevention of cervical cancer
(Wolters Kluwer - Medknow, 2019) Ezechi, O. C.; Okusanya, B. O.; Aimakhu, C. O.; Adesina, O. A.; Ohihoin, A. G.; Usman, H. A.; Umeora, O. U.; Akinola, R. I.; Anorlu, R.; Sagay, S. A.; Audu, B.; Fasubaa, O.; Oguntayo, B. A.; Awolude, O. A.; Ezeanochie, M.; Fawole, A.; Ijaiya, M.; Onyebuchi, A.; Dattijo, L.; Osagie, O. E.; Fabanwo, A.; Iketbuson, F.; Fawole, A. O.; Afolabi, B.; Agbogoroma, C.; Sadauki, H.; Okapani, A.; Yakasai, Y.; Muthir, J.; Okonta, P.
Clinical practice guidelines have been developed by professional societies globally. Each guideline although based on published scientific evidence reflected each country’s socioeconomic peculiarities and unique medical environment. The Society of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Nigerian has published guidelines in other clinical areas; however, this is the first edition of practice guidelines for the prevention of cervical cancer. The Guidelines Committee was established in 2015 and decided to develop the first edition of this guideline following Delphi pool conducted among members which selected cervical cancer prevention as the subject that guideline is urgently needed. These guidelines cover strategies for cervical cancer prevention, screening, and management of test results. The committee developed the draft guideline during a 2‑day workshop with technical input from Cochrane Nigeria and Dr. Chris Maske, Lancet Laboratories, South Africa. The recommendations for each specific area were developed by the consensus, and they are summarized here, along with the details. The objective of these practice guidelines is to establish standard policies on issues in clinical practice related to the prevention of cervical cancer.