Browsing by Author "Fadina, O. O."

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Bacterial Degradation of Contaminated Soil using Organic Manure
(2018) Fadina, O. O.; Solaja, O; Abiodun, A; Adetoyi, H.
Soil contamination is the presence in soil of unwanted impure materials from human activities. Many techniques of remediation of contaminated soils have been developed such as physical, chemical, photo degradation etc. Biological treatments offer the best environmental friendly method for remediating hydrocarbons and other contaminated soils because it utilized the capability of the indigenious micro-organisms in the environment to break down the hydrocarbons and heavy metals into innocuous substances. This study investigated the abilities of bacterial isolated, identified from organic manure and determine the total petroleum hydrocarbon degradative potentials. 2kg of soil was thoroughly mixed with 200ml and 400ml of spent oil to give 5% and 10% (w/w) each of organic manure ,poultry litter(PL),cow dung(CD) and mixed poultry litter and cow dung(MPLCD) was individually introduced into each spent oil contaminated soil and the rate of biodegradation was observed for a period of 12weeks.The percentage of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) loss was significantly higher in the soil contaminated with 5% spent oil amended with MPLCD(40.46%) followed by PL (35.53%) and CD(27.70%) while 32.42% loss only was recorded in the soil contaminated with 10% spent oil and amended with MPLCD while PL was 30.04% and 25.60% for CD. The hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria isolated band identified includes Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Microccus and Staphyloccus. The amendment spent oil contaminated soil with organic manure enhances the rate of degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon. These additives can best be suited to remove or neutralize the contaminants in the soil
Degradation of Spent Oil Contaminated Soil Using Fungi from Organic Manure
(2019) Fadina, O. O.; Solaja, O; Abiodun, A; Adetoyi, H
Soil is the key component of natural ecosystem because environmental sustainability depends largely on a sustainable soil ecosystem. Microbial breakdown of hydrocarbon pollutants is generally a very slow proceed, but it could be optimum biodegradation can only occur if the right environmental condition such as pH, temperature, nutrients and relevant microbial consortia are present, as well as the pollution of petroleum hydrocarbons caused a major change in the physical and chemical properties of the soil. The aim of this study is to determine the total petroleum Hydrocarbon degradative potentials of the intrinsic microbes. Two kilograms (2kg) of soil was thoroughly mixed with 200ml and 400ml of spent oil to give 5% and 10% contamination levels and a set of control was kept at 0%, 10%(w/w) each of the organic manure from poultry litter (PL), Cow dung (CD), and the mixed poultry litter and cow dung (MPLCD) was individually introduced into each spent oil contaminated soil and the rate of biodegradation was monitored for a period of 12 weeks. The percentage of total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) loss was significantly higher in the soil contaminated with MPLCD (40.46%) followed by PL (35.53%) and CD (27.70%) while 32.42% loss only was recorded in the soil contaminated with 10% spent oil and amended with MPLCD while PL was 30.04% and 25.60% for CD. The hydrocarbon-initializing fungi isolated and identified include Aspergillus spp. and Penicillium spp. The amendment of spent oil contaminated soil with organic manure can significantly enhance the rate of biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbon. These activities can be used to remove or neutralize the contaminants of the soil, by petroleum hydrocarbon
Heavy Metal Levels in Beans (Vigna unguiculata) in Selected Markets in Ibadan, Nigeria
(2018) Adepoju, F. A; Adepoju, A. F; Fadina, O. O.
Aim: Beans play a significant role in human diet especially in developing nations like Nigeria which happens to be the largest producer and consumer of beans in the world. To ensure food safety, heavy metal levels need to be monitored on regular basis to control human exposure through dietary intake. Methodology: 72 Samples of brown beans (Oloyin and Drum) were obtained from three different markets in Ibadan, Nigeria. The markets were Ayeye Market. Bodija Market and Oja-Oba Market. Powdered samples were digested with nitric acid. Extract from the digest were analyzed for Lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd) using Buck Scientific Atomic Absorption Spectrometer. Results: Concentration of Cd and Pb ranged from 0.00 to 0.01 mg/kg and 0.00 to 1.52 mk/kg respectively. The results of this research indicated levels of Cadmium and Lead within safe limit, hence human health is not at danger. Conclusion: Efforts need to be made in total elimination of heavy metal in the beans because human health is at risk due to the effects of their bioaccumulation in the body
Oil spillage and agriculture: effects of spent lubricating oil on soil nutrients and yield of soybeans {glycine max L. merril)
(1998) Fadina, O. O.; Mbotig, Mbotig
The toxicological effects of spent lubricating oil on Iwo Varieties of soybeans TGX I485-ID and TGX I448-2E Were investigated. Soil Chemical analysis before Planting and After harvest Revealed that there were variable decrease in the levels of Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Zinc (Zn), Copper, (Cu), Nickel (Ni) and Manganese (Mn) with Increasing level of oil contamination. However, the Amount of Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mn), lron (Fe) and Cadmium (Cd) was found to have increased In the soil after harvest. Lead (Pb) and Chromium (Cr) were not detected in the contaminated and uncontaminated soils. Spent lubricating oil was found to cause delayed germination, reduced growth and yield Parameters In both varieties of soybeans; and with increasing level of oil contamination, the toxicity of the oil to soybeans were more pronounced
The potentials of farmers’ indigenous knowledge for the control of plant diseases.
(2000) Fadina, O. O.; Ogunyemi, S.
For the whole world to achieve the most desired sclf-sufficiency in food production, plant protection technologies must continuously be developed and used in food production process to battle against prevailing insect pests and diseases, weeds, vertebrate pests and menace of birds. These technologies must reach the primary producers who must be able to use them effectively and efficiently. However, a host of technologies have been developed which arc actually not being used by resource poor farmers who still produce the bulk of food in the developing countries. In Nigeria for example, Olayidc et al (1980) reported that 98% of the food consumed is produced by small-scale farmers who cannot afford Capital and input intensive crop protection approach. Strategies must therefore be developed to make sure that plant protection technologies be developed from farmers indigenous knowledge and selected modern technologies.
Sustainable agriculture: women and pesticides
(2000) Opeolu ., B. O; Fadina, O. O.
All over the World, women are the primary producers of food for their families and extended communities. In sub-Saharan Africa, more than half of the farm labour force consists of women yet they have little or no knowledge of the hazards of pesticides that are often applied at the various stages of crop production. Numerous studies on pesticides related poisoning have been reported on many male farmers but relatively fewer studies have been conducted on women because of their subordinate position in the society. At the superficial level, it is believed that women do not spray pesticides, but they are exposed lo pesticides during the washing of sprayers and clothing. and the processing and consumption of treated crops. Women are particularly vulnerable because of the aggravating conditions like poverty, ignorance, malnutrition that are caused by their subordinate rotes In the society. Pesticides are known to cause breast cancer, infertilely, spontaneous abortion, still - birth and birth defects in exposed women. To achieve sustainable agriculture, it is therefore important that women indigenous knowledge and skills are used for the development of less hazardous crop production practices.