Browsing by Author "Fawole, A. O ."

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    Analysis of alcohol policy in Nigeria: multi-sectoral action and the integration of the WHO “best-buy” interventions
    (Springer Nature, 2019) Adebayo, A. M.; Oluwasola, T. A. O.; Oluwasanu, M. M.; Fawole, A. O .
    Background: Harmful alcohol use is a modifiable risk factor contributing to the increasing burden of non-communicable diseases and deaths and the implementation of policies focused on primary prevention is pivotal to address this challenge. Policies with actions targeting the harmful use of alcohol have been developed in Nigeria. This study is an in-depth analysis of alcohol-related policies in Nigeria and the utilization of WHO Best Buy interventions (BBIs) and multi-sectoral action (MSA) in the formulation of these policies. Methods: A descriptive case study design and the Walt and Gilson framework of policy analysis was utilized for the research. Components of the study included a scoping review consisting of electronic search of Google and three online databases (Google Scholar, Science Direct and PubMed) to identify articles and policy documents with no language and date restrictions. Government institution provided documents which were not online. Thirteen policy documents, reports or articles relevant to the policy formulation process were identified. Other components of the study included interviews with 44 key informants (Bureaucrats and Policy Makers) using a pretested guide. The qualitative data were coded and analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Findings revealed that policy actions to address harmful alcohol use are proposed in the 2007 Federal Road Safety Act, the Non-communicable Diseases Prevention and Control Policy and the Strategic Plan of Action. Only one of the best buy interventions, (restricted access to alcohol) is proposed in these policies. Multi-sectoral action for the formulation of alcohol-related policy was low and several relevant sectors with critical roles in policy implementation were not involved in the formulation process. Overall, alcohol currently has no holistic, health-sector led policy document to regulate the marketing, promotion of alcohol and accessibility. A major barrier is the low government budgetary allocation to support the process. Conclusions: Nigeria has few alcohol-related policies with weak multi-sectoral action. Funding constraint remains a major threat to the implementation and enforcement of proposed policy actions.
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    Ensuring health security for Nigerians by 2050: closing the equity gaps in reproductive health
    (BioMed Central, 2019) Adebay, A. M.; Oluwasola, T. A. O.; Oluwasanu, M. M.; Fawole, A. O .
    "Background: Reproductive health is a key foundation for strategies to address health security. It constitutes a vital element in the vision to achieve improved health, quality of life and well-being of individuals and families and the realisation of national economic goals. Developing a blue print for health security in reproductive health matters may contribute to closing the equity gaps in Nigeria by the year 2050. Methods: Gaps in reproductive health were identified through situation analysis of selected reproductive health indices. SWOT analysis was also conducted to outline areas of strengths and opportunities, in addition to weaknesses and threats. Key reproductive health indicators were forecasted for 2050. Results: Despite all efforts, gaps still exist in the country’s reproductive health indices including maternal, perinatal, contraceptive, abortion and gynaecological. Most pregnancy-related deaths are linked largely to preventable causes. If unaddressed, these challenges would undermine gains from previous interventions and responses from governmental and non-governmental organizations and pose serious threats to the nation’s health security. Conclusions: The country must be committed to reproductive health agenda that is focused on the International Conference on Population and Development goal in its bid to achieve health security by the year 2050. Due considerations must be accorded to emerging reproductive health issues like men’s reproductive health and their involvement intheir partners’ reproductive health, and the reproductive health needs of the aged, people with disabilities and those in humanitarian settings. Further in achieving health security for Nigerians by the year 2050, the principles underlying the reproductive health policy of the country must be upheld. These include equity, right based approach, gender and age responsiveness, cultural sensitivity and continuum of care amongst others.