Browsing by Author "Idowu, O."

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Features of residency training and psychological distress among residents in a Nigerian teaching hospital
(AOSIS (Pty) Ltd, 2014) Esan, O.B.; Adeoye, A.; Onakoya, P.; Opeodu, O.; Owonikoko, K.; Olulana, D.; Bello, M.; Adeyemo, A.; Onigbogi, L.; Idowu, O.; Akute, T.
Background. Resident doctors at University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria, made a series of complaints about inadequate consultant supervision, lack of structure in the training programme and excessive workload. These complaints led to an evaluation of residency training. Objective. To investigate perceptions of the residency training programme and levels of psychological distress among residents. Methods. All 250 resident doctors at UCH were invited to complete questionnaires about their residency training and general health as part of a cross-sectional study. Data were analysed using SPSS 16. Results. A total of 128 residents (51.2%) responded to the questionnaire. Of the respondents, 72% rated their consultant supervision as good and 82.6% rated support from nurses as good; 61.8% had <5 hours of research or private study per week. There was evidence of psychological distress in 48.4% of the respondents, and there was a significant association between psychological distress and the intensity of work (p<0.01) Conclusion. The residency training programme at UCH appears to prioritise service provision over research and education activities. Residents who report high workloads also have high levels of psychological distress. Tackling these issues could improve overall satisfaction with residency training and reduce complaints.
Nigerian surgical outcomes – Report of a 7-day prospective cohort study and external validation of the African surgical outcomes study surgical risk calculator
(Elsevier Ltd., 2019) Osinaike, B.; Ayandipo, O.; Onyeka, T.; Alagbe-Briggs, O.; Mohammed, A.; Oyedepo, O.; Nuhu, A.; Asudoh, F.; Akanmu, O.; Nwokorie, C.; Mohammed, A.; Edubiol, M.; Izuoram, K.; Mohammed, R.; Nweze, O.; Efu, M.; Eguma, S.; Jasper, A.; Ewah, R.; Akhideno, I.; Nnaji, C.; Adov, S.; Ogboli-Nwasor, E.; Atiku, M.; Salisu, I.; Adinoyi, Y.|; Aguz, E.; Desalu, I.; Samuel, L.; Olorode, Y.; Fatungase, O.; Akinwonmia, O.; Faponle, F.; Idowu, O.; Isamade, E.; Aliyu, A.; Buba, S.; Hamza, G.; Onajin-Obembe, B.; Amanor-Boadu, S.
Background: Surgical outcomes study for individual nations remains important because of international differences in patterns of surgical disease. We aimed to contribute to data on post-operative complications, critical care admissions and mortality following elective surgery in Nigeria and also validate the African Surgical Outcomes Study (ASOS) surgical risk calculator in our adult patient cohort. Materials and methods: We conducted a 7-day, national prospective observational cohort study in consented consecutive patients undergoing elective surgery with a planned overnight hospital stay following elective surgery during a seven-day study period. The outcome measures were in-hospital postoperative complications, critical care admissions and in-hospital mortality censored at 30 days. Also, we identified variables which significantly contributed to higher ASOS surgical risk score. External validation was performed using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) for discrimination assessment and Hosmer–Lemeshow test for calibration. Results: A total of 1,425 patients from 79 hospitals participated in the study. Postoperative complications occurred in 264(18.5%, 95% CI 16.6–20.6), 20(7.6%) of whom were admitted into the ICU and 16(6.0%) did not survive. Total ICU admission was 57 (4%), with mortality rate of 23.5% following planned admission and overall in-hospital death was 22(1.5%, 95% CI 0.9–2.2). All prognostic factors in the ASOS risk calculator were significantly associated with higher ASOS score and the scoring system showed moderate discrimination (0⋅73, 95% CI 0.62–0.83). Hosmer–Lemeshow χ2 test revealed scale was well calibrated in the validation cohort. Conclusion: NiSOS validates the findings of ASOS and the ability of the ASOS surgical risk calculator to predict risk of developing severe postoperative complications and mortality. We identified failure-to-rescue as a problem in Nigeria. Furthermore, this study has provided policy makers with benchmarks that can be used to monitor programmes aimed at reducing the morbidity and mortality after elective surgery. We recommend the adoption of the ASOS surgical risk calculator as a tool for risk stratification preoperatively for elective surgery.
The paradigm of community-based participatory epizootiology: a review
(Faculty of Veterinary medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 2005) Babalobi, O. O.; Idowu, O.
Community-based participatory approach has been used for decades in rural sociology and the humanities in the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of development and intervention projects Community-based medical and health education paradigm has become the accepted standard for undergraduate medical education worldwide since its evolution in the sixties. Its application to veterinary medicine is a recent phenomenon, but is now largely and effectively entrenched in veterinary epidemiology education and practice in last and Central Africa, as well .is other third world countries. Within the ongoing Pan African Programme for the Control of Epizootics (PACE) in 32 African countries, the Community-based Animal Health and Participatory Epidemiology (CAPE) Unit actively promotes the participators approaches in pastoral areas of the Greater Horn of Africa region. This paper discusses the application of community-based participatory techniques to epizootiology and seeks to promote its use in Nigeria
Understanding the performance of a pan-African intervention to reduce postoperative mortality: a mixed-methods process evaluation of the ASOS-2 trial
(Elsevier, 2021) Vickery, N.; Stephens, T.; Toit, L. D.; Straaten, D. V.; Pearse, R.; Torborg, A.; Rolt, L.; Puchert, M.; Martin, G.; Biccard, B. B.; Osinaike, B. B.; Ogunbode, O. O.; Idowu, O.; Lawal, T. A.; Ogundiran, T. O.; Shittu, O. B.; Ayandipo, O. O
Background: The African Surgical OutcomeS-2 (ASOS-2) trial tested an enhanced postoperative surveillance intervention to reduce postoperative mortality in Africa. We undertook a concurrent evaluation to understand the process of intervention delivery. Methods: Mixed-methods process evaluation, including field notes, interviews, and post-trial questionnaire responses. Qualitative analysis used the framework method with subsequent creation of comparative case studies, grouping hospitals by intervention fidelity. A post-trial questionnaire was developed using initial qualitative analyses. Categorical variables were summarised as count (%) and continuous variables as median (inter-quartile range [IQR]). Odds ratios (OR) were used to rank influences by impact on fidelity. Results: The dataset included eight in-depth case studies, and 96 questionnaire responses (response rate 67%) plus intervention fidelity data for each trial site. Overall, 57% (n¼55/96) of hospitals achieved intervention delivery using an inclusive definition of fidelity. Delivery of the ASOS-2 interventions and data collection presented a significant burden to the investigators, outstripping limited resources. The influences most associated with fidelity were: surgical staff enthusiasm for the trial (OR¼3.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3e7.0); nursing management support of the trial (OR¼2.6; 95% CI, 1.1e6.5); performance of a dummy run (OR¼2.6; 95% CI, 1.1e6.1); nursing colleagues seeing the value of the intervention(s) (OR¼2.1; 95% CI, 0.9e5.7); and site investigators’ belief in the effectiveness of the intervention (OR¼3.2; 95% CI, 1.2e9.4). Conclusions: ASOS-2 has proved that coordinated interventional research across Africa is possible, but delivering the ASOS-2 interventions was a major challenge for many investigators. Future improvement science efforts must include better planning for intervention delivery, additional support to investigators, and promotion of strong inter-professional teamwork.