Browsing by Author "Ikuomola, A. D."

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Child labour in Fostering Practices: A study of Surulere Local Government Area lagos State, Nigeria
(Medwell Journals, 2010) Okunola, R. A.; Ikuomola, A. D.
Many studies in Nigeria have been carried out to examine the trend and outcome of fostering practices and child labour independently but such have generally overlooked the issue of child labour in fostering practices. The study therefore, attempts to examine the existence of child labour in fostering practices: through a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods, the study exposes how children are being used as economic support by foster parents and the exploitation of the socialization process which sees research as part of the upbringing of a child. This is explicated through the increasing level of poverty in cities and rural areas which have necessitated the act of child labour in fostering practices. Major findings from the study revealed that child labour is on the increase and the effects were negative on the children. Findings were linked to the downturn of the economy which prompted child labour as a coping strategy. Among the sampled respondents, the effect of the economic activities on their education was negative. The need for househelp, economic crises and schooling were major reasons sustaining fostering practices vis-a-vis child labour. Biological parents influence had minimal effect on foster parents control over the economic activities they engaged the foster children which was also observed to be gender based. On the whole, child labour was viewed as important irrespective of the menance of child labour. Based on these findings, the study suggested that there is need for government as well as civil society groups' intervention to alleviate the problem of child labour in fostering practices.
Corporate Establishments preferences and the guest for overseas qualification by Nigerian university students
(2009-12) Okunola, R. A.; Ikuomola, A. D.
This study examines corporate establishment demand as the quest for foreign education in Nigeria and seeks to expose the motivation behind the rush abroad for foreign education; explicated by the increasing level of university seekers within and outside Nigeria. A combination of quantitative and qualitative research methodology was adopted for this study. Major findings revealed that employers of labour demand for foreign certificates holders over national certificates holders. Among the sampled respondents, the effect of certificates acquired abroad on the nation’s industries has declined. It was also observed that free-tuition institutions have increased students rush to study abroad irrespective of the courses being offered. Based on these findings, it is suggested that there is the need for government to reform the Nigerian educational system; to eliminate the discrimination on employment based on foreign degrees, as well as families to reorient their wards on courses being offered abroad.
Crime and Violence as a barrier to Gender Equality in Nigeria politics.
(2011) Ikuomola, A. D.; Okunola, R. A.
Electioneering in Nigeria has been characterised by violence, electoral irregularities and various criminal activities. However the continuous campaign for women to be actively involved in the democratic process has yielded little compare to the increasing number of women heading key positions in other domain. This paper therefore seeks to examine fear of crime and electoral violence in Nigeria as major factors mainstreaming women out of politics. Specifically the study investigates factors endangering women from politics, the trend and pattern of women’s participation in election over the last decade among forty-five (45) key women leaders in the informal economy. The study is anchored on Kanter’s Glass Ceiling theory which explains women's roles in leadership. Collection and interpretation of data for this study were basically qualitative, involving the use of interviews and content analysis. The study recommends a constitutional approach that will stipulate a reasonable, minimum and special security placement for women in every government with little or no cost.
Criminality: illegal logging of woods in Nigeria’s criminality: illegal Logging of woods in Nigeria’s
(2016-05) Ikuomola, A. D.; Okunola, R. A.; Akindutire, A. F.
The problems facing the rich forest belts in Nigeria have become so intense in relation to the unemployment dilemma ravaging most youths in several urban and rural settlements as well as the wide-ranging negative impacts on environmental crime in South-West Nigeria. This study examines the dynamics of forest exploitation, youth adaptability and survival strategies in the nation’s forest belt. Data collected for the study was basically qualitative, among a hundred and twenty-five (125) respondents in Ondo-Edo forest belts. It was discovered that a strong network of syndicates often (local and foreign) capitalized on the prevailing surge of unemployment in the country to lure young, unemployed and able-bodied men and women into criminal survival strategies and environmental crime of illegal logging of precious woods (Iroko, Mahogany and Obeche). The study concludes that illegal activities of unemployed youths should be curtailed by providing agro based industries in the forest belt as well as adequate security to stop the illegal and indiscriminate logging of woods by local and foreign syndicates.
Deviant behaviors in library use: a case study of three universities in Nigeria
(2014) Ikuomola, A. D.; Okunola, R. A.; Fabunmi, S. O.
Research on library deviance in Nigeria has largely relied on librarians’ accounts, which often portray students as “deviants” and libraries as “victims”. However, a holistic account should incorporate narratives from both students and librarians in the analysis of deviant behaviors in library utilization. Some common trends of deviance and the implication on library utility in selected universities were discovered through observations and interviews. The study reveals a gap in the security of students’ personal belongings, inadequate electricity supply, and a wide range of deviant behaviors associated with the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the library. The impact of these lapses thus put much pressure on both librarians and student users. The study recommends proper funding of libraries to enable the adoption of a 21st Century Library Model, which guarantees a variety of spatial and safety arrangements in curbing the menace of deviants in library utilization.
Festival of curses: a traditional crime control method in Edo State –Nigeria
(2012) Okunola, R. A.; Ikuomola, A. D.
Festivals and ceremonies are part and parcel of African culture, usually in all its pump, merriment and pageantry. However, with the increasing wave of criminal activities in Nigeria especially in Edo state, festivals and ceremonies are being redefined and conceptualized in practice. Only recently a new festival ‘Festival of Curses’ was brought to the fore in combating crime in Edo state. The study therefore seeks to explain the festival as a traditional mechanism in crime control, the nature of the festival, the factors that led to its emergence in the 21st century, the level of acceptance and its impact in reducing criminal activities in the State. The study employed principally secondary literature and in-depth interviews among a cross section of the Bini. Major findings revealed that immediately after the festival of curses, a lot of criminals in the state besieged the Bini Monarch’s Palace to confess their atrocities; and pleaded for forgiveness. There was an overwhelming acceptance of the festival irrespective of the people’s religious affiliations to Christianity and Islam as a result of the potency and sudden drop in crime during the period. The study concludes that the festival should be taken as a mechanism of crime control and policing in Nigeria.
Historical analysis of touts as a deviant subgroup in Lagos State-Nigeria
(2009) Ikuomola, A. D.; Okunola, R. A.; Heap, S.
Over the years, Lagos State has been faced with a cyclical crescendo of unemployed deviant subgroup mainly youths; known as 'Area Boys or Touts' whose activities usually revolves round the transportation corridors of motor parks and bus stops for survival. Though, many scholars have limited their existence to the period of economic recession and the introduction of Structural Adjustment Programmes (SAP) in the 1980s with little or no emphasis on the historical dimension of their growth and development during the period of colonisation. This study traces the emergence of touts to the colonial era and traditional practices of neighbouring communities and states around Lagos under various names like Alikali boys, Boma boys, and jaguda boys which later metamorphose into the present day touts in Lagos state's motor parks and bus stops. Through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions among 150 randomly selected area boys, the study revealed the economic benefits and patronage of touts by Nigerian Politicians and government officials were major factors fostering their continuous existence. The study concludes that so long as area boys/touts serve as a pool from which National Union of Road Transport Workers (NURTW); Road Transport Employee Association of Nigeria (RTEAN) and Politicians employ their staff and bodyguards, it will be difficult if not impossible to eradicate touts from Lagos environment.
Issues in Nigerian security and policing
(John Archers Publishers Limited, Ibadan for the Department of History, University of Ibadan, 2013) Okunola, R. A.; Ikuomola, A. D.; Adekunbi, K. A.
Oil producing communities' initiatives and the dynamics of conflict and peace building in Niger Delta
(2012) Ikuomola, A. D.; Okunola, R. A.
Local initiatives in the dynamics of conflict and peacebuilding are germane in understanding the actions and inactions of a people towards their plights and sustainable development. This study therefore adopts a qualitative methodology in investigating local communities’ initiative in the unending conflicts and peacebuilding processes in Nigeria, using Gokana, Onelga, and Etche communities in Rivers State as case study. Major findings revealed that the roles and networks of key indigenous institutions such as elder’s council, ruling houses, mothers of the land, traditional healers and witch-doctors were vital in directing the affairs of the communities. However, they were often sidelined by government and the multinational corporations. This reality has continuously hindered the development of the region. Similarly, the use of technocrats, educated elites and the relative neglect of local leaders in negotiating peace were discovered as a missing link in the quest for peace and sustainable development in the region. Lastly, the study recommends that peacebuilding and development initiatives should take a bottom-top approach and be devoid of politics for a realistic sustainable development.
Perception of the activities of Touts in Mushin and Oshodi Neighbourhoods
(2011-03) Okunola, R. A.; Ikuomola, A. D.; Akindutire, A. F.
This study examines the activities of touts from the perceptions of Oshodi and Mushin residents and seeks to expose the factors necessitating the increasing involvement of youths in the obnoxious trade, as well as the security implication of touting in Lagos neighbourhood. A combination of quantitative and qualitative research methodology was adopted for this study. Major findings revealed touting as a survival strategy, linked to the rising level of unemployment, poverty, lack of education and parental care; and the perceived success of senior touts in the transportation corridors as motivating factors enhancing the activities of youths as touts in the two communities. Contrary to the researcher's expectations and major studies, residents highlighted the contributions of touts in neighbourhood security and crime control through the Odua People's Congress (OPC) and other local vigilante groups. A situation 65 percent of interviewed respondents attributed to the low crime rate in the two neighbourhoods. Based on these findings, the study recommends that governmental policies on employment should make provisions among others for unskilled, uneducated and energetic youths in urban development, as well as in neighbourhood security.
Ritualism (dis)order: street carnivals, transgression and excesses in Nigeria
(2014) Ikuomola, A. D.; Okunola, R. A.; Akindutire, A. F.
Carnival as an annual event has transcended numerous culture. A number of studies have principally investigated the intended economic, entertainment and/or leisure components of carnivals; neglecting the unintended social, moralistic and behavioural consequences it has on society. This study therefore examines the social vices associated with street carnivals in selected neighbourhoods. Major narratives revealed that nudity, sex, gambling, fanaticism, hooliganism, alcohol and drug abuse were major reoccurring challenges facing street carnivals in Lagos. It was also observed that the concentration of youths on weekends around football viewing centres (FVCs) contributed to the high wave of violence during carnivals. Similarly, the impact of globalisation and acculturation of foreign ideas and behaviours into street carnival was described as negative on youth and adolescent. Data for the study were collected through observations and in-depth interviews with residents and organizers of street carnivals in Lagos State, Nigeria.
The socio-economic implication of climatic change, desert encroachment and communal conflicts in Northern Nigeria
(2010) Okunola, R. A.; Ikuomola, A. D.
The economic activities in Nigeria clearly show that over 60 percent of the population are engaged in agriculture for their livelihoods directly or indirectly. However overtime especially in the last decade, a dwindling state of agriculture and the decreasing number of farming population mostly in Northern Nigeria, known for the production of over 70 percent of the food crops in the country and other West African countries call for concern. Recent geographical survey has attributed these happenings to desert encroachment into farmlands caused by the changes in climatic conditions. In view of these, this study therefore seeks to observe the adjustment and coping strategies of individuals in the affected communities, it examines the communal conflicts among the people and government interventions in reducing the problems associated with climatic change. The study employed principally qualitative methodology: in-depth interviews, observations and focus group discussions, among a cross section of 1200 households drawn randomly and via a snowballing sampling method in four states (Sokoto, Zamfara, Kano and Borno), in Northern Nigeria. Major findings from the study showed that desert encroachment on farmlands is forcing a lot of youths to migrate and seek non-agricultural employment in urban centres, as well as deviant survival strategies such as crime and prostitutions. It was also observed, that as desert encroaches farmlands, community disputes and conflicts over fertile lands increased, and the problem of internally displaced persons were inevitable. Lastly, government interventions were claimed by 70 percent of the respondents to be non existent, slow and limited to economic compensations in some communities. This study concludes and recommends among other things, the need for government, the farming population, and the scientific communities to help in averting desert encroachment and the emanating conflict from climate change.
Unobtrusive methods in social research
(2016) Okunola, R. A.; Ikuomola, A. D.
Urban space and the proliferation of illegal and substandard Crèche facilities in Nigeria
(2016-06) Ikuomola, A. D.; Okunola, R. A.
There are growing concerns on the proliferation of illegal schools across the world but with less attention given to pre-school facilities which are often not categorised as schools. With abundant evidences in Nigeria, that most of these preschools metamorphose into schools, this study examines the proliferation of illegal and substandard crèche facilities in selected suburbs in Lagos State, Nigeria. Drawing on qualitative data collected from fifteen (15) proprietors and operators of crèche facilities, twenty-four (24) families with children in attendant, it was discovered that crèches were conceived as an informal business, seen as an extension of the home front. Thus the need for registration and formalisation of crèche facilities was deemed not necessary. Similarly, narratives of parents’ unwillingness to pay standard crèche fees and the unreliability of nannies accounted for the status quo. Neighbourhood location, proximity, and cost were other primary correlates for the continuous patronage of illegal and substandard crèches. The study concluded that economic concerns rather than adequate and proper wellbeing of infants cum children were major factors fostering the proliferation and patronage of illegal crèches in Nigerian urban space. There is an urgent need for the state and local councils to enact laws prohibiting substandard and illegal crèches in city centres.
Womanhood and the media: Nigeria and the Arab World.
(Medwell Journals, 2011) Ikuomola, A. D.; Okunola, R. A.
The concept of womanhood and mass media continues to undergo tremendous transformation especially in Africa and particular in Nigeria. Some of the most influencial factors responsible for this change among other things include economic, socio-cultural and political dynamics. This study, examines women and the media with examples from Nigeria and the Arab world; some facts and figures about women, media and the inherent implications. The researcher conclude that in the coming years, the number of women in media in Nigeria and Africa will undoubtedly grow, just as more men will become interested in writing on softer issues, presently associated with women alongside the stereotype.