Browsing by Author "Nuhu, A."

Filter results by typing the first few letters
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Haematological parameter among drug resistant tuberculosis patients in Ibadan
    (Makerere University Medical School (Uganda), 2024-03) Adewole, P. D.; Ogundipe, T. D.; Alabi, O. S.; Nuhu, A.
    Background: Haematological abnormalities are common among tuberculosis patients but there is dearth of information on their value as prognostic markers in Multidrug resistant tuberculosis patients. This study examined the association between complete blood count variables and drug resistant tuberculosis. Materials and methods: Nighty (90) consenting adults comprising 30 Drug Resistant Tuberculosis patients (DR-TB), 30 Drug susceptible tuberculosis patients (DS-TB) and 30 healthy participants were recruited in this study. Ethical approval was obtained from Oyo State Ministry of Health Institutional Review Board while patients' demographic data were collected using structured questionnaire. Five milliliters (5mL) of blood samples were collected in EDTA bottle. Haematological parameters were analysed using impedance technique and Mindary-BG5380 5-part automated system. Result: The mean hemoglobin levels were significantly lower in DR-TB patients (11.70 ± 2.73 g/dL) than in DS-TB patients (8.33 ± 9.56 fL), with a mean difference of -3.37 ± 12.29 g/dL. The mean MCH and MCHC levels were also slightly lower in DR-TB patients (26.17 ± 3.44 pg and 30.41 ± 1.92 g/dL, respectively), but the differences were not statistically significant. The WBC count was similar in both groups (8.20 ± 3.80 × 109 /L and 8.45 ± 3.63 × 109 /L, respectively). Conclusion: The mean hemoglobin levels were significantly lower in DR-TB patients than in DS-TB patients which may be due to the increased inflammation associated with DR-TB. The WBC count was similar in both groups, suggesting that the immune system is responding similarly to the infection in both DR-TB and DS-TB patients. Recommendation: In the meantime, healthcare providers should be aware of these potential differences and use them to inform their diagnosis and treatment of patients with tuberculosis. Keyword: Haematological parameters; drug resistant tuberculosis; Ibadan. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v24i1.3 Cite as: Adewole PD, Ogundipe TD, Alabi SO, Nuhu A. Haematological parameter among drug resistant tuberculosis patients in Ibadan. Afri Health Sci, 24 (1). 10-15. https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v24i1.3 cases worldwide are resistant to at least one anti-TB drug. The emergence of drug resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) In the year 2021, 450,000 cases of multidrug-resistant TB
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Nigerian surgical outcomes – Report of a 7-day prospective cohort study and external validation of the African surgical outcomes study surgical risk calculator
    (Elsevier Ltd., 2019) Osinaike, B.; Ayandipo, O.; Onyeka, T.; Alagbe-Briggs, O.; Mohammed, A.; Oyedepo, O.; Nuhu, A.; Asudoh, F.; Akanmu, O.; Nwokorie, C.; Mohammed, A.; Edubiol, M.; Izuoram, K.; Mohammed, R.; Nweze, O.; Efu, M.; Eguma, S.; Jasper, A.; Ewah, R.; Akhideno, I.; Nnaji, C.; Adov, S.; Ogboli-Nwasor, E.; Atiku, M.; Salisu, I.; Adinoyi, Y.|; Aguz, E.; Desalu, I.; Samuel, L.; Olorode, Y.; Fatungase, O.; Akinwonmia, O.; Faponle, F.; Idowu, O.; Isamade, E.; Aliyu, A.; Buba, S.; Hamza, G.; Onajin-Obembe, B.; Amanor-Boadu, S.
    Background: Surgical outcomes study for individual nations remains important because of international differences in patterns of surgical disease. We aimed to contribute to data on post-operative complications, critical care admissions and mortality following elective surgery in Nigeria and also validate the African Surgical Outcomes Study (ASOS) surgical risk calculator in our adult patient cohort. Materials and methods: We conducted a 7-day, national prospective observational cohort study in consented consecutive patients undergoing elective surgery with a planned overnight hospital stay following elective surgery during a seven-day study period. The outcome measures were in-hospital postoperative complications, critical care admissions and in-hospital mortality censored at 30 days. Also, we identified variables which significantly contributed to higher ASOS surgical risk score. External validation was performed using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) for discrimination assessment and Hosmer–Lemeshow test for calibration. Results: A total of 1,425 patients from 79 hospitals participated in the study. Postoperative complications occurred in 264(18.5%, 95% CI 16.6–20.6), 20(7.6%) of whom were admitted into the ICU and 16(6.0%) did not survive. Total ICU admission was 57 (4%), with mortality rate of 23.5% following planned admission and overall in-hospital death was 22(1.5%, 95% CI 0.9–2.2). All prognostic factors in the ASOS risk calculator were significantly associated with higher ASOS score and the scoring system showed moderate discrimination (0⋅73, 95% CI 0.62–0.83). Hosmer–Lemeshow χ2 test revealed scale was well calibrated in the validation cohort. Conclusion: NiSOS validates the findings of ASOS and the ability of the ASOS surgical risk calculator to predict risk of developing severe postoperative complications and mortality. We identified failure-to-rescue as a problem in Nigeria. Furthermore, this study has provided policy makers with benchmarks that can be used to monitor programmes aimed at reducing the morbidity and mortality after elective surgery. We recommend the adoption of the ASOS surgical risk calculator as a tool for risk stratification preoperatively for elective surgery.