Browsing by Author "Ogunshe, A. A. O."

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Clinical efficacy and health implications of inconsistency in different production batches of antimycotic drugs in a developing country
(2011-03) Ogunshe, A. A. O.; Adepoju, A. A.; Oladimeji, M. E.
Objective: This study aimed at evaluating the in vitro efficacy and health implications of inconsistencies in different production batches of antimycotic drugs. Materials and Methods: In vitro susceptibility profiles of 36 Candida spp. – C. albicans (19.4%), C. glabrata (30.6%), C. tropicalis (33.3%), and C. pseudotropicalis (16.7%) – obtained from human endocervical and high vaginal swabs (ECS/HVS) to two different batches (B1 and B2) of six antimycotic drugs (clotrimazole, doxycycline, iconazole, itraconazole, metronidazole and nystatin) was determined using modified agar well-diffusion method. Results: None of the Candida strains had entirely the same (100%) susceptibility / resistance profiles in both batches of corresponding antimycotic drugs; while, different multiple antifungal susceptibility (MAS) rates were also recorded in batches 1 and 2 for corresponding antifungals. Only 14.3%, 27.3%, 16.7–33.3%, and 8.3–25.0% of C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. pseudotropicalis, and C. tropicalis strains, respectively, had similar susceptibility/resistance profiles toward coressponding antifungal agents in both batches; while up to 57.1% of C. albicans, 45.5% of C. glabrata, 66.7% of C. pseudotropicalis, and 50.0% of C. tropicalis strains were susceptible to one batch of antifungals but resistant to corresponding antifungals in the second batch. As high as about 71.4% (C. albicans), 73.0% (C. glabrata), 50.0% (C. pseudotropicalis), and 66.74% (C. tropicalis) strains had differences of ≥10.0 mm among corresponding antimycotic agents. Conclusions: Candida strains exhibited different in vitro susceptibility / resistance patterns toward two batches of corresponding antimycotic agents, which has clinical implications on the efficacy of the drugs and treatment of patients. The findings of the present study will be of benefit in providing additional information in support of submission for drug registration to the appropriate regulatory agencies.
Haematinic potencies of the aqueous crude extracts of ficus mucoso and senna occidentalis in rabbits
(Ibadan Biomedical Communications Group, 2009) Adedapo, A. A.; Ayodele, A. E.; Ogunshe, A. A. O.; Oyeyemi, M. O.; Idowu, S. O.; Ola-Davies, O. E.; Ademola, I. O.
A total of 20 domestic rabbits divided into 4 groups of 5 animals per group were used in this study to assess the haematinic potencies of the aqueous crude extracts of Ficus mucoso and Senna occidentalis and this was then compared with that of a proprietary haematinic, Haematopan B12®. Group A animals (control) were not bled but those in groups B, C and D were bled to induce anaemia. Group B animals were treated with Haematopan B12®, a commercially prepared haematinic, and groups C and D were treated with the aqueous crude extracts of Senna occidentalis (Linn) Link and Ficus mucoso Welw. ex Ficalho respectively. The post-haemorrhage treatment haematologic values were obtained at given intervals (7 days) and compared with the pre-haemorrhagic values earlier obtained. The study showed that all the experimental animals showed accelerated recovery since these animals had excellent response in terms of white blood cell (WBC) and its differentials, red blood cell (RBC) count, packed cell volume (PCV) and haemoglobin (Hb) concentration. Thus the extracts of Ficus mucoso and Senna occidentalis have comparative haematinic potencies as Haematopan B12®
Haematinic potencies of the aqueous crude extracts of ficus mucoso and senna occidentalis in rabbits
(2009) Adedapo, A. A.; Ayodele, A. E.; Ogunshe, A. A. O.; Oyeyemi, M.O.; Idowu, S. O.; Ola -Davies, O. E.; Ademola, I. O.
A total of 20 domestic rabbits divided into 4 groups of 5 animals per group were used in this study to assess the haematinic potencies of the aqueous crude extracts of Ficus mucoso and Senna occidentalis and this was then compared with that of a proprietary haematinic, Haematopan B12®. Group A animals (control) were not bled but those in groups B, C and D were bled to induce anaemia. Group B animals were treated with Haematopan B12®, a commercially prepared haematinic, and groups C and D were treated with the aqueous crude extracts of Senna occidentalis (Linn) Link and Ficus mucoso Welw. ex Ficalho respectively. The post-haemorrhage treatment haematologic values were obtained at given intervals (7 days) and compared with the pre-haemorrhagic values earlier obtained. The study showed that all the experimental animals showed accelerated recovery since these animals had excellent response in terms of white blood cell (WBC) and its differentials, red blood cell (RBC) count, packed cell volume (PCV) and haemoglobin (Hb) concentration. Thus the extracts of Ficus mucoso and Senna occidentalis have comparative haematinic potencies as Haematopan B12®.
Microbial studies on Aisa a potential indigenous laboratory fermented food condiment from Albizia saman (Jacq.)F. Mull
(Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2005) Ogunshe, A. A. O.; Ayodele, A. E.; Okonko, I.O.
A total of 134 bacterial isolates characterized as Bacillus cereus var. mycoides, B. coagulans, B. licheniformis, B. megaterium, B. pumilus, B. subtilis, Staphylococcus cereus and S. saprophyticus were isolated from fermenting Albizia saman seeds during the laboratory production of aisa, a potential food seasoning condiment. Bacillus species were the most predominant species and produced the highest ammoniacal smell characteristic of typical indigenous fermented food condiments. There was a general increase in the microbial population throughout the fermentation period. The pH of the fermenting mash was between 6.5-8.2. The physical observation of the fermented mash was dark brown in appearance with creamish mucilaginous slime, moulding the fermented cotyledons together. Process optimization of the fermenting aisa mash indicated optimal fermentation temperature of 45°-50°C, optimal pH of 6.9-8.2, while the fermented mash with pawpaw leaves gave the most accepted product as compared to banana leaves, local leaves and almond leaves. Consumers gave 74.0%-96.0% preference to aisa as an alternative to iru and ogiri, the most popular indigenous fermented food condiments in Nigeria. In comparison with the laboratory fermented samples, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes and Proteus mirabilis were isolated in addition to the Bacillus and Staphylococcus species in the traditionally fermented aisa samples. Fermentation of Albizia saman seeds for 5-7 days gave the best organoleptic parameters of aisa even after 3 months of storage at ambient temperature and 6 months storage at 4°C in the refrigerator.
The morphology and preliminary phytochemistry of albizia saman (jacq.) F. mull
(Klobex Academic Publishers, 2003-12) Ayodele, A. E.; Ibidun, D. K.; Ogunshe, A. A. O.
The morphology and phytochemistry of Albizia saman have been investigated. The leaflets are elliptic to oblong with attenuate to obtuse bases. The leaf apex is obtuse while the surface is glabrous with an entire margin. Epidermal cells are irregular to polygonal with straight to curved anticlinal walls on the adaxial surface. On the abaxial surface, the cells are polygonal with straight to slightly curved anticlinal walls. The leaves are hypostomatic with nnomocytic stomata. Trichomes are simple, unscriate and restricted to the abaxial surface of the leaf. Pollen grains arc large and stibprolate occurring either as monads occasionally or as polyads in most cases. Photochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides and saponins in the leaf.