Browsing by Author "Okorie,T.G"
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Item Bioaccumulation of arsenic and uranium in two fish species ( clarias lazera and Tilapia zilli ) from alaro stream in Ibadan, Nigeria(2014) Tyokumbu,E.T; Okorie,T.G; Umma,B.SStudies were carried out on the bioaccumulation of arsenic (As) and uranium (U) in the organs of two fish species (Clarias lazera and Tilapia zilli) from Alaro stream in Ibadan, Nigeria. Fish were collected from the entire Alaro stream downstream of the industrial effluent outfall for six months from July to December using cast and gill nets. Dissections were carried out to remove the gills, fins, gut, liver, bones and muscle for acid digestion. Samples were analyzed using the inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) with quality assurance of the results obtained using bovine liver standard reference material (SRM) from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).The results show that As and U levels in the fish organs exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline limit and other international standards. This indicates that fish caught in Alaro stream is unfit for human consumption since it contains the carcinogens: arsenic and uranium. It is recommended that the polluted stream should be monitored, treated and controlled for food security and other human uses of the streamItem Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals (Arsenic, Cadmium and Lead) in the Fish Lates niloticus from Alaro hydroecosystem, Ibadan(2015) Tyokumbur,E.T; Okorie,T.GA study was carried out on the bioaccumulation of heavy metals (Arsenic, Cadmium and Lead) in the fish Lates niloticus from Alaro hydroecosystem, Ibadan. Fish were sampled and collected between January and December 2003 which was representative of dry and rainy season. Liver, muscle, gills, bones, gut and fins were acid-digested and analyzed for arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) using the inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS).Quality assurance of the results was assured through the use of bovine liver from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) as Standard Reference Material (SRM). The range of heavy metals As, Cd and Pb in the fish organs were 0.000-0.201ppm, 0.000-0.342ppm and 0.00-14.12ppm respectively. The mean concentration of As in all the fish organs exceeded World Health Organization (WHO) guideline while that of Cd concentration in the fin (0.049ppm) was below the WHO guideline and all the other organs exceeded it. For Pb, all the organs exceeded the WHO recommended guideline limit of 1ppm. Hence, this study shows that Alaro stream is impacted by grossly polluted effluents rich in heavy metals and therefore fish (L.niloticus) caught from it is unfit for human consumption due to public health threats associated with their toxicityItem Heavy metal concentration (Copper, Manganese and Nickel) in the fish Sarotherodon melanotheron from Alaro stream in Ibadan(2014) Tyokumbur,E.T; Okorie,T.GAn assessment was carried out on the heavy metal concentration in the organs of the fish Sarotherodon melanotheron from Alaro stream in Ibadan. Fish were collected between January to December 2003 representing both the dry and rainy seasons. Muscle, liver, bone, gills, gut and fins were analyzed for copper (Cu), manganese (Mn) and nickel (Ni) using the inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS).Quality assurance of the results was ensured through the use of bovine liver from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) as a standard reference material. The range of Cu, Mn and Ni in the fish organs was 4.24-77.79ppm, 13.8-96.5ppm and 0.04-0.92ppm respectively. Mean concentration of Mn in all the organs exceeded the FEPA (Federal Environmental Protection Agency) guideline limits set for it while that of Ni concentration in the muscle was below the WHO standard while all the other organs exceeded it. The heavy metal Cu, apart from the muscle, bone and gills, all the other organs exceeded the WHO recommended limit standard. The study shows that Alaro stream is polluted and fish (S.melanotheron) caught from it is unfit for human consumption due to public health consequences posed in the high concentration of the heavy metals Cu, Mn and Ni.Item Trace metal accumulation in the organs of the fish Sarotherodon galilaeus from Alaro stream in Ibadan, Nigeria(2014) Tyokumbur,E.T; Umma,B.S; Okorie,T.GTrace metal accumulation in the organs of the fish Sarotherodon galilaeus from Alaro stream in Ibadan was assessed. A total of 25 fishes were caught in the sampling of Alaro stream. Dissections were carried out using dissecting set to remove the gills, fins, gut (intestine), liver, bones and muscle. Acid digestion was carried out after drying and pulverization of the fish organs. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) was used for the trace metal analyses while bovine liver standard reference material (SRM) from the National Institute of Standards (NIST) was used for quality assurance of the results. This study shows that mean concentration of the following trace metals As, Cd, Cu and Pb in S.galilaeus from the Alaro stream in Ibadan exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline limits set for most of the organs. This means that Alaro stream is polluted and fish (S.galilaeus) caught from the stream is unfit for human consumption due to the public health consequences posed in consuming such food.Item Trace metal accumulation in the organs of the fish Sarotherodon galilaeus from Alaro stream in Ibadan, Nigeria(2014) Tyokumbur,E.T; Umma,B.S; Okorie,T.GTrace metal accumulation in the organs of the fish Sarotherodon galilaeus from Alaro stream in Ibadan was assessed. A total of 25 fishes were caught in the sampling of Alaro stream. Dissections were carried out using dissecting set to remove the gills, fins, gut (intestine), liver, bones and muscle. Acid digestion was carried out after drying and pulverization of the fish organs. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) was used for the trace metal analyses while bovine liver standard reference material (SRM) from the National Institute of Standards (NIST) was used for quality assurance of the results. This study shows that mean concentration of the following trace metals As, Cd, Cu and Pb in S.galilaeus from the Alaro stream in Ibadan exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline limits set for most of the organs. This means that Alaro stream is polluted and fish (S.galilaeus) caught from the stream is unfit for human consumption due to the public health consequences posed in consuming such food.Item Trace metal accumulation in the organs of the fish Sarotherodon galilaeus from Alaro stream in Ibadan, Nigeria(2014) Tyokumbur,E.T; Umma,B.S; Okorie,T.GTrace metal accumulation in the organs of the fish Sarotherodon galilaeus from Alaro stream in Ibadan was assessed. A total of 25 fishes were caught in the sampling of Alaro stream. Dissections were carried out using dissecting set to remove the gills, fins, gut (intestine), liver, bones and muscle. Acid digestion was carried out after drying and pulverization of the fish organs. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) was used for the trace metal analyses while bovine liver standard reference material (SRM) from the National Institute of Standards (NIST) was used for quality assurance of the results. This study shows that mean concentration of the following trace metals As, Cd, Cu and Pb in S.galilaeus from the Alaro stream in Ibadan exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline limits set for most of the organs. This means that Alaro stream is polluted and fish (S.galilaeus) caught from the stream is unfit for human consumption due to the public health consequences posed in consuming such food.Item Trace metal concentration in freshwater fish organs of Heterotis niloticus from Alaro stream in Ibadan, Nigeria(2014) Tyokumbur,E.T; Umma,B.S; Okorie,T.GTrace metal concentration in freshwater fish organs of Heterotis niloticus from Alaro stream in Ibadan was assessed. Trace metals analyzed were arsenic (As), selenium (Se), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) due to their impacts on human health. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) was used for the analyses of the fish samples while the standard reference material (SRM) for quality assurance was bovine liver from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).Results show that the mean concentration of As, Se and Pb exceeded the World Health Organization guideline limits and other international standards, while only the muscle and gut did not exceed for Cd. The range of the As in the organs was 0.000-0.963ppm, while the mean concentration was 0.028-0.184ppm with the lowest in the bones and the highest in the gut. The range of the Se in the fish organs was 0.06-1.53ppm, while the highest mean concentration was 1.38ppm in the gills and the lowest was 0.11ppm in the fins. The range of Pb in the organs of H.niloticus was 0.00-14.12ppm, while the highest mean concentration was in the liver and the lowest was in the fins. The study shows that consumption of H.niloticus from Alaro stream is a health risk that must be avoided. It is recommended that a biomonitoring programme be established for regularly monitoring Alaro stream that is impacted by untreated industrial effluents