Browsing by Author "Ola-Davies, O. E."

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Acute sodium arsenite-induced hematological and biochemical changes in wistar rats: protective effects of ethanol extract of ageratum conyzoides
(Wolters Kluwer - Medknow Publications, 2016) Ola-Davies, O. E.; Akinrinde, A. S.
Background: Ageratum conyzoides L. (Asteraceae) is an annual herbaceous plant used in folklore medicine for the treatment of a wide range of diseases. Objective: To investigate the protective effect of the ethanol leaf extract of A. conyzoides (EEAC) against hematological, serum biochemical and histological alterations induced by Sodium arsenite administration to Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups of five rats each. Group I received propylene glycol and Group II rats were given the (EEAC, 100 mg/kg b.w.) orally for 7 days. Group III were given a single oral dose of sodium arsenite (NaAsO2, 2.5 mg/kg b.w.). Animals in Group IV were pretreated with 100 mg/kg EEAC for 7 days followed by a single oral dose of sodium arsenite. Results: Arsenic exposure resulted in significant reductions (P < 0.05) in values of packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin concentration (Hb) and red blood cell (RBC) count, and elevation in total white blood cell (WBC) count with insignificant reductions in serum total protein, albumin, and globulin levels. Alterations in aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transferase, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma glutamyl transferase activities, as well as in serum levels of urea, creatinine, glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels, were not statistically significant. EEAC significantly restored (P < 0.05) the PCV, Hb, RBC, and WBC as well as serum albumin, globulin, and total protein to normal values. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that EEAC possess strong potentials to protect against toxicities induced by sodium arsenite.
Acute Sodium Arsenite‑induced hematological and biochemical changes in Wistar rats: protective effects of Ethanol extract of Ageratum conyzoides
(Wolters Kluwer - Medknow, 2016) Ola-Davies, O. E.; Akinrinde, S. A.
Background: Ageratum conyzoides L. (Asteraceae) is an annual herbaceous plant used in folklore medicine for the treatment of a wide range of diseases. Objective: To investigate the protective effect of the ethanol leaf extract of A. conyzoides (EEAC) against hematological, serum biochemical and histological alterations induced by Sodium arsenite administration to Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups of five rats each. Group I received propylene glycol and Group II rats were given the (EEAC, 100 mg/kg b.w.) orally for 7 days. Group III were given a single oral dose of sodium arsenite (NaAsO2, 2.5 mg/kg b.w.). Animals in Group IV were pretreated with 100 mg/kg EEAC for 7 days followed by a single oral dose of sodium arsenite. Results: Arsenic exposure resulted in significant reductions (P < 0.05) in values of packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin concentration (Hb) and red blood cell (RBC) count, and elevation in total white blood cell (WBC) count with insignificant reductions in serum total protein, albumin, and globulin levels. Alterations in aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transferase, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma glutamyl transferase activities, as well as in serum levels of urea, creatinine, glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels, were not statistically significant. EEAC significantly restored (P < 0.05) the PCV, Hb, RBC, and WBC as well as serum albumin, globulin, and total protein to normal values. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that EEAC possess strong potentials to protect against toxicities induced by sodium arsenite.
Acute Sodium Arsenite‑induced hematological and biochemical changes in Wistar rats: protective effects of Ethanol extract of Ageratum conyzoides
(Wolters Kluwer - Medknow, 2016) Ola-Davies, O. E.; Akinrinde, S. A.
Background: Ageratum conyzoides L. (Asteraceae) is an annual herbaceous plant used in folklore medicine for the treatment of a wide range of diseases. Objective: To investigate the protective effect of the ethanol leaf extract of A. conyzoides (EEAC) against hematological, serum biochemical and histological alterations induced by Sodium arsenite administration to Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups of five rats each. Group I received propylene glycol and Group II rats were given the (EEAC, 100 mg/kg b.w.) orally for 7 days. Group III were given a single oral dose of sodium arsenite (NaAsO2, 2.5 mg/kg b.w.). Animals in Group IV were pretreated with 100 mg/kg EEAC for 7 days followed by a single oral dose of sodium arsenite. Results: Arsenic exposure resulted in significant reductions (P < 0.05) in values of packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin concentration (Hb) and red blood cell (RBC) count, and elevation in total white blood cell (WBC) count with insignificant reductions in serum total protein, albumin, and globulin levels. Alterations in aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transferase, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma glutamyl transferase activities, as well as in serum levels of urea, creatinine, glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels, were not statistically significant. EEAC significantly restored (P < 0.05) the PCV, Hb, RBC, and WBC as well as serum albumin, globulin, and total protein to normal values. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that EEAC possess strong potentials to protect against toxicities induced by sodium arsenite.
Acute Sodium Arsenite‑induced hematological and biochemical changes in Wistar rats: protective effects of Ethanol extract of Ageratum conyzoides
(Wolters Kluwer - Medknow, 2016) Ola-Davies, O. E.; Akinrinde, S. A.
Background: Ageratum conyzoides L. (Asteraceae) is an annual herbaceous plant used in folklore medicine for the treatment of a wide range of diseases. Objective: To investigate the protective effect of the ethanol leaf extract of A. conyzoides (EEAC) against hematological, serum biochemical and histological alterations induced by Sodium arsenite administration to Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups of five rats each. Group I received propylene glycol and Group II rats were given the (EEAC, 100 mg/kg b.w.) orally for 7 days. Group III were given a single oral dose of sodium arsenite (NaAsO2, 2.5 mg/kg b.w.). Animals in Group IV were pretreated with 100 mg/kg EEAC for 7 days followed by a single oral dose of sodium arsenite. Results: Arsenic exposure resulted in significant reductions (P < 0.05) in values of packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin concentration (Hb) and red blood cell (RBC) count, and elevation in total white blood cell (WBC) count with insignificant reductions in serum total protein, albumin, and globulin levels. Alterations in aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transferase, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma glutamyl transferase activities, as well as in serum levels of urea, creatinine, glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels, were not statistically significant. EEAC significantly restored (P < 0.05) the PCV, Hb, RBC, and WBC as well as serum albumin, globulin, and total protein to normal values. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that EEAC possess strong potentials to protect against toxicities induced by sodium arsenite.
Acute Sodium Arsenite‑induced hematological and biochemical changes in Wistar rats: protective effects of Ethanol extract of Ageratum conyzoides
(Wolters Kluwer - Medknow, 2016) Ola-Davies, O. E.; Akinrinde, S. A.
Background: Ageratum conyzoides L. (Asteraceae) is an annual herbaceous plant used in folklore medicine for the treatment of a wide range of diseases. Objective: To investigate the protective effect of the ethanol leaf extract of A. conyzoides (EEAC) against hematological, serum biochemical and histological alterations induced by Sodium arsenite administration to Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups of five rats each. Group I received propylene glycol and Group II rats were given the (EEAC, 100 mg/kg b.w.) orally for 7 days. Group III were given a single oral dose of sodium arsenite (NaAsO2, 2.5 mg/kg b.w.). Animals in Group IV were pretreated with 100 mg/kg EEAC for 7 days followed by a single oral dose of sodium arsenite. Results: Arsenic exposure resulted in significant reductions (P < 0.05) in values of packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin concentration (Hb) and red blood cell (RBC) count, and elevation in total white blood cell (WBC) count with insignificant reductions in serum total protein, albumin, and globulin levels. Alterations in aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transferase, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma glutamyl transferase activities, as well as in serum levels of urea, creatinine, glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels, were not statistically significant. EEAC significantly restored (P < 0.05) the PCV, Hb, RBC, and WBC as well as serum albumin, globulin, and total protein to normal values. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that EEAC possess strong potentials to protect against toxicities induced by sodium arsenite.
Acute Sodium Arsenite‑induced hematological and biochemical changes in Wistar rats: protective effects of Ethanol extract of Ageratum conyzoides
(Wolters Kluwer - Medknow, 2016) Ola-Davies, O. E.; Akinrinde, S. A.
Background: Ageratum conyzoides L. (Asteraceae) is an annual herbaceous plant used in folklore medicine for the treatment of a wide range of diseases. Objective: To investigate the protective effect of the ethanol leaf extract of A. conyzoides (EEAC) against hematological, serum biochemical and histological alterations induced by Sodium arsenite administration to Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups of five rats each. Group I received propylene glycol and Group II rats were given the (EEAC, 100 mg/kg b.w.) orally for 7 days. Group III were given a single oral dose of sodium arsenite (NaAsO2, 2.5 mg/kg b.w.). Animals in Group IV were pretreated with 100 mg/kg EEAC for 7 days followed by a single oral dose of sodium arsenite. Results: Arsenic exposure resulted in significant reductions (P < 0.05) in values of packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin concentration (Hb) and red blood cell (RBC) count, and elevation in total white blood cell (WBC) count with insignificant reductions in serum total protein, albumin, and globulin levels. Alterations in aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transferase, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma glutamyl transferase activities, as well as in serum levels of urea, creatinine, glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels, were not statistically significant. EEAC significantly restored (P < 0.05) the PCV, Hb, RBC, and WBC as well as serum albumin, globulin, and total protein to normal values. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that EEAC possess strong potentials to protect against toxicities induced by sodium arsenite.
Acute Sodium Arsenite‑induced hematological and biochemical changes in Wistar rats: protective effects of Ethanol extract of Ageratum conyzoides
(Wolters Kluwer - Medknow, 2016) Ola-Davies, O. E.; Akinrinde, S. A.
Background: Ageratum conyzoides L. (Asteraceae) is an annual herbaceous plant used in folklore medicine for the treatment of a wide range of diseases. Objective: To investigate the protective effect of the ethanol leaf extract of A. conyzoides (EEAC) against hematological, serum biochemical and histological alterations induced by Sodium arsenite administration to Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups of five rats each. Group I received propylene glycol and Group II rats were given the (EEAC, 100 mg/kg b.w.) orally for 7 days. Group III were given a single oral dose of sodium arsenite (NaAsO2, 2.5 mg/kg b.w.). Animals in Group IV were pretreated with 100 mg/kg EEAC for 7 days followed by a single oral dose of sodium arsenite. Results: Arsenic exposure resulted in significant reductions (P < 0.05) in values of packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin concentration (Hb) and red blood cell (RBC) count, and elevation in total white blood cell (WBC) count with insignificant reductions in serum total protein, albumin, and globulin levels. Alterations in aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transferase, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma glutamyl transferase activities, as well as in serum levels of urea, creatinine, glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels, were not statistically significant. EEAC significantly restored (P < 0.05) the PCV, Hb, RBC, and WBC as well as serum albumin, globulin, and total protein to normal values. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that EEAC possess strong potentials to protect against toxicities induced by sodium arsenite.
Ameliorating effect of guava (Psidium guajava) extract on adriamycin induced reproductive toxicities
(University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy In Kosice - The Slovak Republic, 2015) Ola-Davies, O. E.; Oloye, A. A.; Oyeyemi, M. O.
This study was undertaken to investigate the protective effects of guava extract on Adriamycin induced reproductive toxicities. For this purpose, thirty adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 treatment groups. Group 1, the control, was administered distilled water while group 2 was treated with Adriamycin (ADR)(30 mg.m–2) alone. Groups 3, 4 and 5 were administered combinations of 30 mg.m–2 (ADR) and graded doses (125 mg.kg–1; 250 mg.kg–1; 500 mg.kg–1, respectively) of guava extract. Group 6 was treated with the extract (500 mg.kg–1) alone. The treatments were done for seven days with water and feed provided ad libitum. The effects of these treatments on the reproductive characteristics of the male Wistar rats were thereafter investigated. The results showed that the control group (1) had a significantly higher sperm count (96.25 ± 3.84 × 106 cells.ml–1) and motility (80.00 ± 4.08 %) compared to the other treatment groups (P < 0.05). Group 3 had a significantly lower sperm count (40.00 ± 0.00 × 106 cells.ml–1) compared with the group 4 (67.33 ± 4.81 × 106 cells.ml–1) and 6 (62.60 ± 3.09 × 106 cells.ml–1). Group 5 had the lowest percentage livability (50 %), which was significant when compared with the control group, but not significant compared with the other treatment groups (P < 0.05). Groups 3, 5 and 6 had over 20 % sperm cell abnormalities. Most prominent of the abnormalities in groups 3 and 5 were curved tails and curved mid pieces in group 6. This work showed that guava extract at 250 mg.kg–1 is safe and gave protective cover to ADR induced reproductive toxicities.
Ameliorative effect of gallic acid in doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity in wistar rats through antioxidant defense system
(Taylor & Francis, 2017-07) Omobowale, T. O.; Oyagbemi, A. A.; Ajufo, U. E.; Adejumobi, A. O.; Ola-Davies, O. E.; Adedapo, A. A.; Yakubu, M. A.
Hepatotoxicity has been found to be one of the main side effects associated with doxorubicin (Dox) administration in cancer therapy. The aim of the present study was to examine the ameliorative effect of gallic acid (GA) in Dox-induced hepatotoxicity. Sixty male Wistar rats of 10 rats per group were used in this study and were randomly divided into 6 experimental groups (A–F). Rats in Group A served as the control group and received distilled water orally for 7 days; Group B was given Dox at 15 mg/kg bodyweight intraperitoneally (IP) on Day 8. Group Cwas given GA at 60 mg/kg body weight orally for 7 days + Dox at 15 mg/kg IP on Day 8. Group D was given GA at 120 mg/kg body weight orally for 7 days +Dox at 15 mg/kg IP on day 8. Rats in Groups E and F were administered GA alone at 60 and 120 mg/kg bodyweight orally for 7 days, respectively. Dox administration led to a significant reduction in hepatic reduced glutathione and nonprotein thiol (NPT) together with significant increase in hepatic malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide generation, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activity; hepatic glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase activity were significantly inhibited in Dox-treated rats. The serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase, and total bilirubin concentrations were significantly elevated following Dox administration. Pretreatment with GA ameliorated Dox-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress. The results suggest that GA may offer protection against hepatic damage in Dox cancer chemotherapy.
Ameliorative effect of gallic acid on doxorubicin-induced cardiac dysfunction in rats
(De Gruyter, 2017) Omobowale, T. O.; Oyagbemi, A. A.; Folasire, A. F.; Ajibade, T. O.; Asentiga, E. R.; Adejumobi, O. A.; Ola-Davies, O. E.; Oyetola, O.; James, G.; Adedapo, A. A.; Yakubu, M. A.
Background: The use of doxorubicin (DOX) as an antineoplastic agent has been greatly limited because of the myriad of toxic sequelae associated with it. The aim of this study was to assess the protective effects of gallic acid (GA) on DOX-induced cardiac toxicity in rats. Methods: Sixty male rats (Wistar strain) were used in this study. They were divided into six groups (A–F) each containing 10 animals. Group A was the control. Rats in Groups B, C, and D were treated with DOX at the dosage of 15 mg/kg body weight i.p. Prior to this treatment, rats in Groups C and D had been treated orally with GA for 7 days at the dosage of 60 and 120 mg/kg, respectively. Animals from Groups E and F received only 60 and 120 mg/kg GA, respectively, which were administered orally for 7 days. Results: The exposure of rats to DOX led to a significant (p 0.05) decrease in the cardiac antioxidant defence system and elevation of creatine kinase myocardial band and lactate dehydrogenase. The electrocardiography results showed a significant decrease in heart rate, QRS, and QT-segment prolongation. GA alone improved the antioxidant defence system. Conclusions: The GA pretreatment significantly alleviated GA-associated ECG abnormalities, restored the antioxidant status and prevented cardiac damage.
Ameliorative effects of chloroform fraction of cocos nucifera L. husk fiber against cisplatin-induced toxicity in rats
(Wolters Kluwer - Medknow Publications, 2015) Adaramoye, O. A.; Azeez, A. F.; Ola-Davies, O. E.
Background: Cisplatin (Cis) is used in the treatment of solid tumors and is known to elicit serious side effects. Objective: The present study investigated the protective effects of chloroform fraction of Cocos nucifera husk fiber (CFCN) against Cis‑induced organs’ damage and chromosomal defect in rats. Quercetin (QUE), standard antioxidant, served as positive control. Materials and Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were assigned into six groups and treated with corn oil (control), Cis alone, Cis + CFCN, CFCN alone, Cis + QUE, and QUE alone. QUE and CFCN were given at 50 and 200 mg/kg/day, respectively, by oral gavage for 7 days before the rats were exposed to a single dose of Cis (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) at the last 36 h of study. Results: Administration of Cis alone caused a significant (P < 0.05) increase in the levels of serum creatinine and urea by 72% and 70%, respectively, when compared with the control. The activity of serum aspartate aminotransferase was significantly (P < 0.05) increased while alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase were insignificantly (P > 0.05) affected in Cis‑treated rats. Furthermore, the activities of hepatic and renal catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione S‑transferase, glutathione peroxidase, and levels of reduced glutathione were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in Cis‑treated rats with concomitant elevation of malondialdehyde. Cis exposure increased the frequency of micro nucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (mPCE) by 92%. Pretreatment with CFCN inhibited lipid peroxidation, enhanced the activities of some antioxidative enzymes and reduced the frequency of mPCE. Conclusions: Chloroform fraction of CFCN may protect against organs damage by Cis. Further studies are required to determine the component of the plant responsible for this activity.
Anticlastogenic properties of methanolic extract of cnestis ferruginea leaves
(Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, LAUTECH, Ogbomoso, Nigeria, 2006) Badmus, J. A.; Odunola, O. A.; Ola-Davies, O. E.; Adisa, R. A.
The inhibitory activity of methanolic extract of Cnestis ferruginea was investigated in hone marrow cells of mice using micronucleus assay. The mice were fed with the extracts at two different concentrations (100 and 200mg/kg body weight) white control mice were fed with corn oil for six days ad libitum. On the seventh day the mice were administered a single dose of sodium arsenile (2.5mg/kg) and sacrificed after 24hrs. Bone marrow smear were prepared for Observation of claslogenic effect. Results show micronuclei formation in the polychroniatic erythrocyte (PCEs) in the Sodium arsenite treated mice. Claslogenecity induced by sodium arsenile was significantly reduced in mice pretreated with the extract al 100mg/kg body weight while more significant reduction was noted at 200mg/kg body weight. The result indicates a dose dependent relationship of the inhibitory activity of the extract against sodium arsenile induced clastogenecity.
Chemoprevention of aflatoxin B1-induced genotoxicity and hepatic oxidative damage in rats by kolaviron, a natural biflavonoid of garcinia kola seeds
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2005) Farombi, E. O.; Adepoju, B. F.; Ola-Davies, O. E.; Emerole, G. O.
The chemopreventive effects of kolaviron, a natural antioxidant biflavonoid from the seeds of Garcinia kola, on aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced genotoxicity and hepatic oxidative damage was investigated in rats. Kolavironmadministered orally at a dose of 200 mg/kg once a day for the first 2 weeks and then 100 mg/kg twice a day for the last 4 weeks of AFB1 (2 mg/kg, single dose, intraperitoneal) treatment reduced the AFB1-increased activities of aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT) and gamma glutamyltransferase (c-GT) by 62%, 56% and 72% respectively. Malondialdehyde (MDA) formation and lipid hydroperoxide (LHP) accumulation were observed in the livers of AFB1-treated rats. Kolaviron significantly reduced the AFB1-induced MDA and LHP formation. Vitamins C and E were protective in reducing the increase in the activities of AST, ALT and c-GT as well as lipid peroxidation caused by AFB1 (P < 0.01). Administration of rats with kolaviron alone resulted in significant elevation in the activities of glutathione S-transferase, uridyl glucuronosyl transferase and NADH:quinone oxidoreductase by 2.45-, 1.62- and 1.38-folds respectively. In addition, kolaviron attenuated the AFB1-mediated decrease in the activities of these enzymes (P < 0.01). Pretreatment of rats with kolaviron, vitamins C and E alone did not exert genotoxicity assessed by the formation of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) (P> 0.05). Co-treatment of rats intraperitoneally with kolaviron (500 mg/kg) 30 min before and 30 min after AFB1 (1 mg/kg) administration inhibited the induction of MNPCEs by AFB1 (P < 0.001) after 72 h. While vitamin C was effective in reducing AFB1- induced MNPCEs formation, vitamin E did not elicit any antigenotoxic response. These results indicate kolaviron as effective chemopreventive agent against AFB1-induced genotoxicity and hepatic oxidative stress. Thus kolaviron may qualify for clinical trial in combating the menace of aflatoxicosis in endemic areas of aflatoxin contamination of foods.
Cobalt chloride exposure dose dependently induced hepatotoxicity through enhancement of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)/B- cell associated protein X (BAX) signaling and genotoxicity in wistar rats
(Wiley, 2017-02) Awoyemi, O. V.; Okotie, U. J.; Oyagbemi, A. A.; Omobowale, T. O.; Asenuga, E. R.; Ola-Davies, O. E.; Ogunpolu, B. S.
Cobalt chloride (CoCl2) is one of the many environmental contaminants, used in numerous industrial sectors. It is a pollutant with deadly toxicological consequences both in developing and developed countries. We investigated toxicological impact of CoCl2 on hepatic antioxidant status, apoptosis, and genotoxicity. Forty Wistar rats were divided into four groups, 10 rats per group: Group 1 served as control and received clean tap water orally; Group 2 received CoCl2 solution (150 mg/L); Group 3 received CoCl2 solution (300 mg/L); and Group 4 received CoCl2 (600 mg/L) in drinking water for 7 days, respectively. Exposure of rats to CoCl2 led to a significant decline in hepatic antioxidant enzymes together with significant increase in markers of oxidative stress. Immunohistochemistry revealed dose-dependent increase in cyclooxygenase-2 and BAX expressions together with increased frequency of Micronucleated Polychromatic Erythrocytes. Combining all, CoCl2 administration led to hepatic damage through induction of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.
Concentration-dependent inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by organophosphate poisoning in dogs: a biochemical and electrocardiographic study
(Society of Toxicology, India, 2016) Ola-Davies, O. E.; Oyagbemi, A. A.; Omobowale, T. O.
Organophosphate poisoning (OP) is one of the most common poisonings in developing countries. In this study, twenty-four dogs in four groups of six each were used. Control group bathed with water only, group B with 16% Coumaphos (recommended), groups C and D with times 10 and 20 of 16% Coumaphos, respectively. Blood was collected from cephalic vein for biochemical assays. Electrocardiographic parameters were assessed from a Lead-II electrocardiogram. There was a significant increase (p<0.05) in total cholesterol in group B and D compared to the control. LDL-cholesterol decreased significantly (p<0.05) in all groups compared to the control. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) reduced (p<0.05) significantly across all the groups and even after 36 hours of exposure. However, the activity of the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was not affected following exposure to OP. The serum reduced glutathione (GSH) fell in a concentration dependent manner in all animals exposed to OP. Coumaphos exposure led to a significant (p<0.05) increase in serum MDA in a concentration dependent manner after 36 hours post exposure. The serum nitric oxide (NO) and MPO content increased (p<0.05) significantly following exposure to different concentrations of Coumaphos. The activity of Acetyl cholinesterase (AchE) fell significantly from the normal concentration of the OP down to the highest concentration. The activity of serum creatine phosphokinase (CK) increased (p<0.05) significantly in groups C and D compared to the control and recommended concentration. Electrocardiographic abnormalities recorded included low-voltage R-waves, first degree heart block, significant increased (p<0.05) heart rate (HR) and shortened QT interval compared to the control and recommended concentrations. Taking together, coumaphos poisoning caused an inhibition of AchE and significant potentially fatal arrrhythmais via induction of oxidative stress.
Effect of aqueous extract of spondias mombin on the spermiogram of wistar rats
(2011) Oloye, A. A.; Oyeyemi, M. O.; Ola-Davies, O. E.; Innamah, O. A.
Twenty-five male rats were divided into four groups (A-E) and treated for twenty-one days with aqueous leaf extract of Spondias mombin which is a fruit tree whose leaf extract is commonly consumed as local remedies in traditional medicine practice. Graded dosages of the extracts were assigned to the groups as follows: 200mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg for groups B, C, D and E, respectively. Group A rats which serve as control were given distilled water. Thereafter, spermiogram (mass activity, progress motility, live-dead and morphology) was evaluated. Rats treated with aqueous extracts of spondias mombin at 600 mg/kg body weight has the highest (p<0.05) spermatozoa concentration of 40.51x106 cells/ml. compared with other groups A, B, C and E which had 21.48 x 106, 29.58 x 106, 35.81 x 106/ml, respectively. At dosage of 800 mg/kg highest (p<0.05) sperm motility of 70 ± 4.81% was observed. Compared with other groups A, B, C and D which had 65.0 ± 0.00, 65.5 ± 6.71 and 68.0 ± 2.89%, respectively. The percentage average livability of the control group and of those given 200 mg/kg BW, 70 ± 23.45 and 70 ± 23.09, respectively, were lower than those from group C (77.5 ± 15.55), D (87.5 ± 17.68) and E (80.0 ± 17.32) with group D having the highest average percentage livability. Coiled tail was the predominant abnormality in group A, B and E consisting 40.3%, 24.3% and 30.0% of the total abnormalities, respectively. The work recommended aqueous extract of spondias mombin at concentration of 600mg/ml for of fertility enhancement in male animals.
The effect of aqueous leaf extract of telfaria occidentalis on isolated guinea pig ileum
(Biomedical Communications Group, Ibadan, Nigeria, 2001-01) Dina, O. A.; Saba, A. B.; Akhiromen, I. O.; Adedapo, A. A.; Ola-Davies, O. E.
The effect of aqueous extract of Telfaria occidentalis was studied in vitro on the guinea pig ileum. The extract elicited a dose dependent contractions of the ileum. These responses were blocked by 5 x 10 M mepyramine and 5 x 10-M.atropine, suggesting that it has both histominergic and cholinergic properties. The usefulness of the plant as potent naturally available purgative is presented in this study.
Effect of exposure and withdrawal on lead-induced toxicity and oxidative stress in cardiac tissues of rats
(Society of Toxicology, India, 2016) Omobowale, T. O.; Oyagbemi, A. A.; Akinrinde, A. S.; Ola-Davies, O. E.; Saba, A. B.; Olukayode, O. J.; Adeolu, A. A.
Lead poisoning continues to pose a serious health challenge and more significantly so in developing countries with ineffective waste disposal systems. Recent efforts at solving lead poisoning issues have seen entire towns being resettled from lead-contaminated areas. This study was designed to investigate whether withdrawal of lead exposure results in a resolution of toxic effects of lead in cardiac tissues. Adult male Wistar rats were exposed orally to lead acetate (PbA) at doses of 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/ml for 6-week duration, after which one-half was sacrificed and the remaining left for a further 6 weeks without lead treatment. Exposure of rats to PbA produced significant decline (P < 0.05) in the activities of antioxidant parameters, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), and reduced glutathione (GSH), whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration was significantly elevated. Animals from the withdrawal period exhibited a similar pattern of alterations, with a significant (P < 0.05) reduction in GSH, GPx, and SOD and a significant elevation in MDA and H2O2 concentrations. However, GST activity was elevated, whereas CAT activity remained unaltered in the withdrawal period. The results of this study showed that cardiotoxicity indicated by induction of oxidative stress and reduction in antioxidant parameters failed to resolve upon withdrawal of lead exposure in male rats during the period of study.
Effect of successive ejaculations on the spermiogram of West African dwarf goats (Capra hircus L.)
(Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, 2000) Oyeyemi, M. O.; Akusu, M. O.; Ola-Davies, O. E.
Twenty healthy adult male (bucks) West African dwarf goats (WADG) aged between 2 to 4 years and with a mass of from 16 to 20 kg were used in this study. They were randomly assigned into four groups of five bucks per group. In group A, semen was collected once a week for a period of eight weeks, while in group B semen was collected twice a week for a period of eight weeks, once a day for 21 days in group C, and twice daily at an interval of five hours for 21 days in group D. Live body masses, height at withers, scrotal length and scrotal circumference were not affected by successive ejaculations. The ejaculate volume decreased as the frequency of ejaculations increased, although the decrease was not significant (Group A 0.44±0.07, B 0.41±0.08, C 0.38±0.07 and D 0.36±0.08 ml) while the ejaculate colour was either milky or creamy. Mass sperm movement showed swirling waves and scored 4 in all groups, while the percentage progressive motility ranged between 88.7±3.10 and 94.54±3.00%. Percentage of live spermatozoa (Group A 96.57±2.40, B 96.24±2.53, C 96.10±2.28 and D 96.10±2.50%) was not affected by successive ejaculations although a decrease in sperm concentration was observed as the number of successive ejaculations increased. There was a significant increase (P<0.05) in abnormal spermatozoa as frequency of ejaculation increased.
Effects of melatonin on intestinal fluid absorption in the domestic chicken (gallus domesticus)
(Biomedical Communications Group, Ibadan, Nigeria, 2000) Sanni, A. A.; Oke, O. A.; Saba, A. B.; Ola-Davies, O. E.; Durotoye, L. A.