Browsing by Author "Oladokun, R."

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Acceptability of child adoption as management option for infertility in Nigeria: evidence from focus group discussions
(2009) Oladokun, A.; Arulogun, O.; Oladokun, R.; Morhason-Bello, I. O; Bamgboye, E. A.; Adewole, I. F.; Ojengbede, O. A.
Infertility remains a global health challenge with devastating psycho-social consequences in many African communities. Adoption that may serve as an alternative strategy for the affected couples is not widely practiced. This study was conceptualized to assess the acceptability of child adoption as a management option by Nigerians. Twelve focus group discussions were held involving three communities stratified into inner core, transitory and peripheral, within Ibadan metropolis, South-Western Nigeria from May to July 2008. The participants were purposively selected based on gender and age group. The barriers mentioned were cultural practices, stigmatization, financial implications, and procedural bottle-necks. Measures suggested to curb these negative attitudes were advocacy, community mobilization and enactment of supportive law that will protect all parties involved
Baseline chest radiograhic features among antiretroviral therapy naïve human immuno-deficiency virus positive children in a pediatric care program
(2012-01-12) Atalabi, O. M; Oladokun, R.; Adedokun, B,; Obajimi, M. O.; Osinusi, K.
Background: Pulmonary diseases are commonly seen in children with HIV infection, and their etiology is often unclear. The radiological appearances of these conditions are often non-specific. Conventional radiographs play an important role in the management of chest conditions especially in resource poor settings. Objective: This retrospective study was carried out to determine the chest radiographic pattern in children with HIV infection. Materials and Methods: The baseline chest X-ray of 150 HIV-positive but antiretroviral drug naïve children were analyzed between July 2008 and December 2009 at the University College Hospital in Ibadan, south-west Nigeria. All children were screened for tuberculosis (TB) by one or combination of mantoux, acid-fast Bacilli (AFB) sputum, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The CD4 count was also taken as part of baseline laboratory test. Chi-squared test was used to determine association between the pattern of chest X-ray findings, and sex, age, and CD4 counts. Results: The mean age of the study group was 51.6 months, with children older than 5 years dominating and there was no statistical difference in the sex distribution. A total of 115 children (76.7%) had abnormal chest X-ray, with lymphadenopathy accounting for 45.3% followed by parenchymal lesions with 37.3%, miliary shadows, and cavities accounted for 6.7% and 2.6%, respectively. Cavities were found to be common in patient who tested positive to AFB than AFB-negative patients. Other findings like reticulonodular or diffuse patterns, lymphadenopathy, pleural effusion, or soft tissue swelling were also commoner in the AFB-positive patients. The CD4 count was available for 42% of the patient and there was no significant association between the chest radiographic changes and the CD4 count. Conclusion: Definitive diagnosis of pulmonary disease might be difficult based on chest X-ray alone, however, chest X-ray is a basic radiological test and almost the easiest to perform in both resource poor or rich setting and it is still recommended that routine chest X-ray should remain part of investigation of HIV-positive children to serve as adjunct to other investigations in early detection of TB.
Blueprint for health security in Nigeria by 2050: infectious diseases perspective
(University College Hospital, University of Ibadan, 2019) Adekanmbi, O.; Fowotade, A.; Ogunbosi, B.; Oladokun, R.
Background: Infectious Diseases remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Nigeria. Notably, natural and socio-cultural differences across Nigeria account for significant differences in types of infectious diseases that occur in different parts of the country. The communicable nature of infectious diseases either from person to person or via vectors has made it difficult to eradicate or even stem the tide of these diseases. HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria in particular are well established and enduring contributors to the infectious disease burden in Nigeria and this is very likely to continue to be the case in the foreseeable future. Method: Literature from PubMed and Google was extracted using the keywords; Health Security, Year 2050 and Infectious Diseases Results: In more recent times in Nigeria, the problem of emerging and re-emerging infections, often of epidemic importance as well as antimicrobial resistance also add to the infectious disease burden and compete for the already inadequate resources available to battle infectious disease. Many infectious diseases can be prevented by simple, effective and relatively low-cost interventions. Such interventions need to be emphasized to maximize cost-effectiveness of any resources expended. Nigeria’s young, trainable, potential healthcare workforce and existing infrastructure such as the primary healthcare system, disease surveillance systems and widespread mobile phone use need to be strengthened arid leveraged for a good approach to infectious disease control. Conclusion: As Nigeria’s population is set to double by 2050, health security from an infectious disease standpoint will require policy change to support continuous training and re-training all cadres of healthcare workers to respond specifically to the problems that are fed back from the population while being fully aware of predictable (corruption, inadequate financing) and unpredictable (disease outbreaks, climate change, microbial mutation) factors that can serve as a hindrance.