Browsing by Author "Olaleye, O. A."

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    Hepatitis B and C in doctors and dentists in Nigeria
    (Oxford University Press, 1997) Olubuyide, I. O.; Ola, S. O.; Aliyu, B.; Dosumu, O. O.; Arotiba, J. T; Olaleye, O. A.; Odaibo, G. N.; Odemuyiwa, S. O.; Olawuyi, F.
    "We surveyed a random sample (n=75) of doctors and dentists at University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. They were offered anonymous testing for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) and to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) by enzyme immunoassay. The results suggest a high prevelance of hepatitis B virus (HBV) with a high potential of transmissibility, as well as a high prevalence of HCV infection. The majority of the doctors and dentist use universal precaution for protection against viral hepatitis on <50% of the occasion when they carry out procedures on their patients. Infection with HBV was associated with type of specialty (surgeaon, dentists) and lack of HBV vaccination (p<0.05). After logistic regression, these factors, were independently associated. with HBV infection (p<0.05). Sixty (80%) had not hepatitis received prior HBV vaccination. Unvaccinated personnel were more likely to be surgeons, dentists, <37 years of age, and have fewer years of professional activity (p<0.05). After logistic regression, only fewer years of professional activity remained independently associated with lack of vaccination (p<0.05). To reduce the occupational exposure of doctors and dentists use universal precaution must be rigorously adhered to when the doctors and dentists carry out procedures on their procedures on their patients, and all health-care workers should be vaccinated with HBV vaccine and the HCV vaccine, when it becomes available."
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    Hepatitis B and C virus and hepatocellular carcinoma
    (1997) Olubuyide, I. O.; Aliyu, B.; Olaleye, O. A.; Ola, S. O.; Olawuyi, F.; Malabu, U. H.; Odemuyiwa, S. O.; Odaibo, G. N.; Cook, G. C.
    "Antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) was detected in 18.7% of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma ma (HCC)a nd in 10.9% of controls (P<0.001).The corresponding prevalences of hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg] were 59.3% and 50.0%(P<0.001). Using paticnts with non-hepatic disease as controls stepwise logistics regression analysis indicated that both anti-HCV (odds ratio 6-88%; 9.5% confidence interval [CI] 1.63-9-77) and HBsAg (odds ratio 6.46; 95% Cl 1.68-18:13) were independent risk factors for HCC. Calculation of the incremental odds ratio indicated no interaction between hepatitis B virus {HBV) and HCV. Blood transfusion was a significant risk factor for acquiring HCV infection with odds ratios of 5.48 (95% CI 1.07-29.0) and 2.86 (95%. CI 1.31-22.72) for HCC cases and controls, respectively. The mean age HCC cases with HBsAg and anti-HCV was lower than that of HCC patients with anti-HCV alone (p<0.01). It is concluded that there is a high rate of HBV infection, and a low rate of HCV infection, among Nigerian patients with HCC. However, HBV and HCV are independent risk factors for the developement of HCC, with HBV having an effect more rapidly. Screening of blood products for transfusion might minimize the risk of HCV transmission."