Browsing by Author "Oluwasola, T. A."

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Automated ABR screening for hearing loss and its clinical determinants among newborns with hyperbilirubinaemia in National Hospital, Abuja.
(2023) Oyinwola, O. I.; Muktar-Yola, M.; Olusesi, A. D.; Oluwasola, T. A.
Background: Severe neonatal hyperbilinubinemia is a known risk factor for sensorineural hearing Loss which is usually undiagnosed in our environment until school age due to a lack of routine screening programs Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted between August 2020 and February 2021 employed a universal sampling of consecutive eligible, participants after their mothers' consent. Hearing screening was conducted using an automated auditory brainstem response (AABR) device (Otoport OAE + ABR*). The proportion of AABR screening failure was assessed while associated clinical risk factors were determined using logistic regression. Statistical significance was set at 5% for all comparative analyses. Results: One hundred and sixty newborns below 28 days of age, delivered at 34 weeks gestation and above, who had jaundice were recruited. The prevalence of screening AABR failure in at least one ear was 26.2% Significant risk factors for AABR screening failure in addition to extreme and hazardous hyperbilirubinemia were acute bilirubin encephalopathy (ABE) (Odds Ratio (OR) =4.44, 95% CI = 3.19-6.17), birth weight below 2500 g (OR = 3.16, 95% CI = 1.48-6.77), dull tympanic membrane (TM) (OR = 5.94, 95% .36-14.92) and exchange blood transfusion OR -= 4.84, 95% CI CI = 1.87-12.58). Conclusion and Recommendations: The prevalence of AABR screening failure was high, and a dull TM was its strongest predictor among late preterm and term neonates with hyperbilirubinemia. Otoscopy should be included in the care of newborn with hyperbilirubinemia and screening programs established to mitigate hearing loss among high-risk neonates in Abuja.
Chlamydia trachomatis infection among pelvic inflammatory disease patients attending the gynaecology clinic of a private tertiary hospital in Ogun State, Nigeria.
(2024) Ajani, T. A.; Elikwu, C. J.; Makanjuola, O. B.; Okangba, C. C.; Oluwasola, T. A.; Anaedobe, C. G.
Background: Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is one of the very serious complications arising from sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and Chlamydia trachomatis has been implicated as one of the commonest causes of STI. Considering the adverse sequelae of PID, there is a need for locally relevant data which will guide preventive and therapeutic efforts. Detection of a combination of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin A (IgA) has been described as an indicator of an actively chronic infection Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection by the use of IgA and IgG and evaluate the associated risk factors among females that presented with Pelvic inflammatory disease at the gynaecology clinic of Babcock University Teaching Hospital. Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria. (BUTH) Materials and Methods: This was a hospital–based, case-controlled study involving 44 patients diagnosed with PID and 44 age-matched controls at the gynaecology clinic of BUTHI. Interviewer-administered questionnaires were used to obtain information on socio-demographic characteristics, and risk factors for PID, from consenting participants. Blood samples were collected from each participant and analysed, using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, for Chlamydia trachomatis type specific for IgA and IgG. Analysis was done by SPSS, IBM version 23.0 Results: Both IgG and IgA were present in 15 cases (34.1%) as compared to none of the controls. The difference between Chlamydia IgG, IgA and (IgG+IgA) among the cases and the controls were statistically significant. Majority of the participants positive for the immunoglobulins were aged 25 years or younger (11, 73.3%), number of lifetime sex partners and age of first sexual intercourse being 18 years or younger were statistically associated with Chlamydia trachomatis causing PID. Conclusion: Chlamydia trachomatis remains an important causative pathogen of PID and more prevalent among the young people. Screening is advocated among the young in resource limited countries.
Determinants and outcomes of preterm births in Nigerian tertiary facilities.
(2024) Fajolu, I. B.; Dedeke, I. O. F.; Oluwasola, T. A.; Oyeneyin, L.; Imam, Z.; Ogundare, E.; Campbell, I.; Akinkunmi, B.; Ayegbusi, E. O.; Agelebe, E.; Adefemi, A. K.; Awonuga, D.; Jagun, O.; Salau, Q.; Kuti, B.; Tongo, O. O.; Adebayo, T.; Adebanjo-Aina, D.; Adenuga, E.; Adewumi, I.; Lavin, T.; Tukur, T.; Adesina, O.
Objective: To describe the incidence, and sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with preterm birth and perinatal mortality in Nigeria. Design: Secondary analysis of data collected through the Maternal Perinatal Database for Quality, Equity and Dignity (MPD-4-QED) Programme. Setting: Data from births in 54 referral-level hospitals across Nigeria between 1 September 2019 and 31 August 2020. Population: A total of 69 698 births. Methods: Multilevel modelling was used to determine the factors associated with preterm birth and perinatal mortality. Outcome measures: Preterm birth and preterm perinatal mortality. Results: Of 62 383 live births, 9547 were preterm (153 per 1000 live births). Maternal age (<20 years – adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.52, 95% CI 1.36–1.71; >35 years – aOR 1.23, 95% CI 1.16–1.30), no formal education (aOR 1.68, 95% CI 1.54–1.84), partner not gainfully employed (aOR 1.94, 95% CI 1.61–2.34) and no antenatal care (aOR 2.62, 95% CI 2.42–2.84) were associated with preterm births. Early neonatal mortality for preterm neonates was 47.2 per 1000 preterm live births (451/9547). Father's occupation (manual labour aOR 1.52, 95% CI 1.20–1.93), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (aOR 1.37, 95% CI 1.02–1.83), no antenatal care (aOR 2.74, 95% CI 2.04–3.67), earlier gestation (28 to <32 weeks – aOR 2.94, 95% CI 2.15–4.10; 32 to <34 weeks – aOR 1.80, 95% CI 1.3–2.44) and birthweight <1000 g (aOR 21.35, 95% CI 12.54–36.33) were associated with preterm perinatal mortality. Conclusions: Preterm birth and perinatal mortality in Nigeria are high. Efforts should be made to enhance access to quality health care during pregnancy, delivery and the neonatal period, and improve the parental socio-economic status.
Improving treatment outcome for cervical cancer using 2-point assessment of quality of life among Nigerian women: a protocol for a multi-centre study.
(2023) Umemmuo, M. U.; Eleje, G. U.; Oluwasola, T. A.; Ezeanochie, M.; Usman, H. A.; Galadanchi, J. S.; Agbanu, C. M.; Rabiu, A.
Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women globally, with quality of life (QOL) being a major concern for patients with cervical cancer, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This is largely due to the advanced nature of the disease at presentation. Although there are a higher number of studies focusing on the QOL of high-income countries, the QOL of cervical cancer patients in LMICs is not available. The aim of this study is to evaluate QOL among women with cervical cancer in Nigeria using a 2-point assessment. Methods: A multi-center prospective cohort study will be conducted in 6 tertiary health facilities randomly selected from the 6 geopolitical zones of Nigeria and consisting of a 2-point assessment of the QOL of participants at the time of diagnosis of cervical cancer and after treatment. Women who were recently diagnosed with histologically confirmed cervical cancer (treatment naïve) will be included. QOL will be assessed using Quality of Life Questionnaire domains (EORTC QLQ30) as developed by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). In addition to the QOL assessment, relevant and clinicopathological variables will be obtained using a self-structured data extraction sheet designed for this study. All data will be anonymized and will be analyzed using SPSS version 25. Levels of QOL will be calculated using EORTC QLQ30. Ethical approval was obtained from National Health Research Ethics Committee (NHREC/01/01/2007-08/11/2021). Discussion : In view of the paucity of data on QOL in LMICs like Nigeria, where most women with cervical cancer present with advanced disease, this research was designed to help in formulating evidence-based interventions to improve the QOL and treatment outcomes provided to women with cervical cancer in Nigeria and other LMICs. The study is expected to fill these knowledge gaps.