Browsing by Author "Oluwatosin O.M"

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Pattern of Bacterial Pathogens In Burn Wound Infections In Ibadan, Nigeria
(2004) Kehinde A.O; Ademola S.A; Okesola A.O; Oluwatosin O.M; Bakare R.A.
A retrospective study of 85 patients with burn wound infections was carried out in University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria, between April 1998 and March 2001. A total number of 85 specimens consisting of 35 wound swabs (41.2%) and 50 wound biopsies (58.8%) were processed during the period. Burn wound infections were significantly more frequent in children and adolescents (5-20 yr) than in adults (p < 0.05). Klebsiella species was the pathogen most commonly isolated, constituting 34.4%. This was closely followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (29.0%) and Staphylococcus aureus (26.8%). The rate of isolation of Gram-negative organisms was more than twice that of Gram-positive organisms. More than 75% of the Gram negative isolates were resistant to gentamicin, a commonly used antibiotic for Gram-negative infections, but sensitive to ceftazidime and pefloxacin. Gram-positive isolates were predominantly Staphylococcus aureus sensitive to azithromycin and pef- loxacin. This study highlights the predominant bacterial pathogens and their antimicrobial profile among infected burn wounds in our centre.
Pattern of presentation of pressure ulcers in traumatic spinal cord injured patients in university college hospital, ibadan.
(2011) Lyun A.O; Malomo A.O; Oluwatosin O.M; Ademola A.S; Shokunbi M.T.
The neurosurgery division in University College Hospital (U.C.H.) admits approximately one traumatic spinal cord injured (SCI) patient per week, most of whom stay a minimum of 42 days on admission. A common complication in these patients is the development of pressure ulcers, which contributes to a longer hospital stay and increased hospital expenses. The purpose of this study was to investigate the pattern of presentation of pressure ulcers in patients on admission and to propose policies or protocols to reduce the incidence. It is a prospective study of traumatic SCI patients managed on the neurosurgery ward from January 2003 to June 2004. The data was analysed using descriptive' statistics. Sixty-seven patients were studied. The average hospital stay was 73 days. Thirteen (20%) of the patients were admitted with pressure ulcers, 32 (47-7%) developed it after admission. As much as 87-5% of pressure ulcers seen in the course of this study which occurred on admission in U.C.H. was in the first week of admission, 6-25% in the second week and the remaining 6-25% in the third week. Pressure ulcers were distributed as follows; 69% (42) in the sacral region, 18% (11) trochanteric, 5% (3) scalp, 1-5% (1) ankle, 1-5% (1) ischial tuberosity, the remaining 5% in other sites. Preventive measures for pressure ulcers consisted of basic skin care, pressure dispersion using fenestrated foams and alternating weight-bearing sites by regular turning. Pressure ulcers are commonest in the sacral and gluteal regions and tend to occur within the first week of admission in the neurosurgical wards.
Recruitment of yoruba families from nigeria for genetic research: experience from a multisite keloid study
(2014) Olaitan P.A; Odesina V; Ademola S.; Fadiora O.S; Oluwatosin O.M; Reichenberger E.J
Background: More involvement of sub-Saharan African countries in biomedical studies, specifically in genetic research, is needed to advance individualized medicine that will benefit non-European populations. Missing infrastructure, cultural and religious beliefs as well as lack of understanding of research benefits can pose a challenge to recruitment. Here we describe recruitment efforts for a large genetic study requiring three-generation pedigrees within the Yoruba homelands of Nigeria. The aim of the study was to identify genes responsible for keloids, a wound healing disorder. We also discuss ethical and logistical considerations that we encountered in preparation for this research endeavor. Methods: Protocols for this bi-national intercultural study were approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) in the US and the ethics committees of the Nigerian institutions for consideration of cultural differences. Principles of community based participatory research were employed throughout the recruitment process. Keloid patients (patient advisors), community leaders, kings/chiefs and medical directors were engaged to assist the research teams with recruitment strategies. Community meetings, church forums, and media outlets (study flyers, radio and TV announcements) were utilized to promote the study in Nigeria. Recruitment of research participants was conducted by trained staff from the local communities. Pedigree structures were re-analyzed on a regular basis as new family members were recruited and recruitment challenges were documented. Results: Total recruitment surpassed 4200 study participants over a 7-year period including 79 families with complete three-generation pedigrees. In 9 families more than 20 family members participated, however, in 5 of these families, we encountered issues with pedigree structure as members from different branches presented inconsistent family histories. These issues were due to the traditional open family structure amongst the Yoruba and by beliefs in voodoo or in juju. In addition, family members living in other parts of the country or abroad complicated timely and complete family recruitment. Conclusions: Organizational, logistics and ethics challenges can be overcome by additional administrative efforts, good communication, community involvement and education of staff members. However, recruitment challenges due to infrastructural shortcomings or cultural and religious beliefs can lead to significant delays, which may negatively affect study time lines and expectations of funding agencies.