Browsing by Author "Oluwayelu, D.O."

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Analysis and evaluation of mortality losses of the 2001 African swine fever outbreak, Ibadan, Nigeria
(2007-08) Babalobi, O. O; Olugasa, B. O.; Oluwayelu, D.O.; Ijagbone, I. F.; Ayoade, G. O.; Agbede, S. A.
The mortality losses of pigs of various age groups affected by the 2001 African swine fever outbreak in Ibadan Nigeria were analyzed and evaluated. Thirty one thousand nine hundred and sixteen (31,916) pigs on three hundred and six (306) farms reported by the Pig Farmers Association of Nigeria and the State Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources were involved. Gross mortality was ninety one percent (91%), while age group mortality ranged from 75.9% (growers), 83.1% (weaners), 91.2% (finishers) and 99.8% (piglets); to 100.0% in gilts, sow and boars. Losses were estimated to worth nine hundred and forty one thousand, four hundred and ninety one dollars, sixty seven cents (US $941,491.67). Highest financial loss was from sows (29.5% of total loss), followed by gilts (16.6%), finishers (15.2%), weaners (10.7%), boars (10.6%), growers (10.6%) and piglets (8.2%). Average mortality loss per farm of $3076.77 was of great financial and socioeconomic consequences for a developing country like Nigeria with a low Gross Domestic Product figures. In conclusion, the need to immediately revisit and take recommended actions on the 1998 Report of the FAO Consultancy Mission to Nigeria on Control and Eradication of an Outbreak of African swine fever in Western Nigeria is stressed
Confirmatory diagnosis of African swine fever in southern Nigeria by immunoblotting assay
(2005) Olugasa, B. O.; Oluwayelu, D.O.; Adewale, G.A.; Adewale, G.A.; Ayoade, G.O.; Ijagbone, I.F.; Babalobi, O.O.; Agbede, S.A.
When a swine epizootic occurred in groups of pigs in south western Nigeria in 2001, a need for detailed investigation and confirmatory diagnosis arose at the University of Ibadan. A class of epizootiology students at the university was involved in the investigation. Comprehensive information about the nature and causation of the disease was provided. Four diagnostic techniques were used for confirmatory diagnosis, including Indirect Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (I-ELISA), immunoblotting, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and virus isolation. Only immunoblotting assay was used at the University of Ibadan, while samples were sent to the National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI) in Vom, Nigeria for I-ELISA and to two reference laboratories for African swine fever in South Africa and Madrid, Spain for PCR and virus isolation respectively. The results obtained from these laboratories using the other three diagnostic techniques were compared with that of the immunoblotting assay. Immunoblotting assay confirmed all samples that tested positive on PCR and virus isolation. It was also relatively easier to use, highly sensitive and specific for confirmatory diagnosis. It was however costlier in application for large sample size testing compared to I-ELISA.
Differential diagnosis of a swine epizootic of unknown etiology in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
(2003) Babalobi, O. O; Ayoade, G. O.; Olugasa, B. O.; Oluwayelu, D.O.; Oyedele, O.
Outbreaks of unconfirmed infections associated with high mortalities in pig herds were reported at the University of Ibadan Teaching and Research Farm, and in other parts of Ibadan, Nigeria between June and October 2001. Based on a tentative diagnosis of African Swine Fever and differential diagnosis of classical swine fever, encephalomyocarditis virus and anthrax, research was initiated between July and November 2001 to confirm the cause of the outbreak. This included farm visits to observe clinical signs, collect samples and do necropsies, electronic mail communication of presenting signs, Internet web searches, laboratory tests and serological (immunoblotting assay) tests. A confirmatory diagnosis of the infection as African Swine Fever (ASF) was reached. This diagnosis is important to enable researchers and appropriate authorities to introduce monitoring and control measures.
Epizootiology in contemporary global health: making a difference in the health of people in West Africa
(FEMSON CLASSICAL, 2011) Olugasa, B. O.; Oluwayelu, D.O.; Ayinmode, A.B.; Emikpe, B.O.; Ijagbone, I. F.; Cadmus, S. I. B.
Global health in contemporary times has thrown up challenges that demand innovative and pragmatic approaches and one of such is the concept of One Health. Towards this end, a holistic approach of tackling human and a n i d health problems is being explored in order to bring about poverty alleviation, health and food security particularly in developing countries. To achieve this, there is an increasing role and importance of epizootiology in planning and evaluation of projects for control and prevention of pandemic from animal diseases in West Africa. Since there is a critical shortage of available manpower in this area, filling this gap requires training of public and private personnel that are focused on diseases at human-animal health interface. Therefore, under the flagship of epizootiology, we propose an initiative that brings together teachers that have worked in this area and have similar and complementary skills and expertise that trainees would be able to assimilate. This program which has received support at the University of Ibadan, Nigeria, will work along with a consortium of Universities to increase graduate training in the surveillance of human-animal diseases from 2012. It is anticipated that this platform will produce a critical mass of highly trained personnel within West Africa that will make a difference in tackling the ever challenging health needs of the people in the sub-region