Browsing by Author "Omigbodun, O.O."

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Gender and rural-urban differences in the nutritional status of in-school adolescents in south-western Nigeria
(Cambridge University Press, 2010) Omigbodun, O.O.; Adediran, K.I.; Akinyemi, J.O.; Omigbodun, A.O.; Adedokun, B.O.; Esan, O.B.
This study assessed gender and rural/urban differences in height and weight, and the prevalence of stunting, underweight and overweight of school-going adolescents in south-west Nigeria, using 2007 WHO reference values for comparison. The influence of sexual maturity and the socio demographic correlates of growth performance were also examined. In this cross-sectional study, 924 male (51.4%) and 875 female (48.6%) students (1799 in total) aged 10–19 years from eighteen schools in Ibadan (five rural, nine urban public and four urban private) were interviewed and examined. Although males were significantly taller than females (p<0.05) stunting was more pronounced for males, who were 7.5 cm shorter than the 2007 WHO reference, compared with females who were 3.5 cm shorter. Body mass index (BMI) for girls was also greater than for boys (p<0.05) Rural adolescents had lower heights and BMIs compared with those in urban areas. The mean height of male adolescents in rural schools fell below 2 SDs of the 2007 WHO reference between 14 and 17 years, while heights of males and females in private schools were similar to the median 2007 WHO standard. Low height-for-age was observed in 282 adolescents (15.7%), which, after multivariate analysis, was significantly associated with school type, gender, number of mother’s children and puberty onset. Adolescents in rural schools were much more likely to be stunted than those in urban private schools (AOR 13.1; 95% CI 5.2–33.2) and males were three times more likely to be stunted compared with females (AOR 3.3; 95% CI 2.4–1.4). Low BMI-for-age was observed in 240 adolescents (18.9%), with correlates similar to stunting. Adolescents at the pre-puberty stage were twice as likely to have low BMI-for-age (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.6–2.5) than those with signs of puberty. There were 2.3% overweight adolescents, who were significantly more likely to be female, in private school and post-pubertal. Innovative interventions for Nigerian adolescents, especially rural inhabitants and males, are needed to reduce the prevalence of stunting and underweight
Optimal mental health for achieving health security in Nigeria: a strategic blueprint
(College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, 2019) Ojagbemi, A. A.; Abdulmalik, J. O.; Lasebikan, V. O.; Oladeji, B. D.; Makanjuola, V. A.; Esan, O. B.; Bella - Awusah, T. T.; Adeniyi, Y. P.; Gureje, O.; Omigbodun, O.O.
Objectives: Optimal mental health refers to ‘a state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make contributions to his or her own community’. As such, the catchphrase ‘No health without mental health’ is not just a slogan but an acknowledgement of the importance of mental health in the drive to improve overall wellbeing and productive participation in community and economic activities. Methods: We combined an overview of current literature with opinions of key experts from different sub specialties of mental health practice and present an analysis of the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) to optimal mental health as a strategy to attaining health security in Nigeria by 2050. We also offered recommendations for feasible strategies to optimize mental health. Results: There is poor mental health coverage in Nigeria, with over 80% of persons coping with mental health problems remaining untreated in their lifetime. Also, only about 3% of the National health budget is allocated to mental health and this is mostly focused on large psychiatric institutions to the exclusion of primary health care (PHC) services. Conclusions: In recognition of the critical role of optimal mental health to global development, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) has mental health firmly covered in its third goal, ‘Health and Well-being’. The SDGs further envision a better world in which, in tandem with the WHO definition of health, “physical, mental and social wellbeing are assured”. Thus, the identification and implementation of strategies to promote optimal mental health for all Nigerians is vital for ensuring health security and national development.
Reasons for consultation in the psychiatric out-patient clinic of a university teaching hospital in Nigeria: is this optimal use of psychiatrists’ time and expertise?
(Cambridge University Press & Assessment, 2003) Omigbodun, O.O.; Esan, O.B.
AIMS AND METHOD To identify activities that can be modified in the psychiatry out-patient clinic in order to improve the quality of services rendered. Consulting doctors obtained information on the reason for consultation and time spent by each patient over a one-month period. RESULTS Half of all the patients (50.5%) came for are peat prescription, and19.3% came for are peat prescription and counselling. The mean times spent on these two activities were 5.13 (s.d.=2.5) and 7.81 (s.d.=7.51) minutes, respectively. The time spent on these activities by doctors was 47%of the total clinic time. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Clinic services should be reorganised so that doctors can use their skills in more efficient and creative ways.