Browsing by Author "Onilude M.A."

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Application for patent stabilized cassava gel and its production technique
(2021) Kehinde A.; Omoniyi T.E.; Onilude M.A.
An invention in the production of a stabilised, and durable gel (having a long shelf-life of about two years), from cassava starch for applications as sizing-agent in pulp and paper making, wood-composites production, textile/laundry services and other relevant uses is presented. The new product called KAMOGEL is made by combining the pre-mixed and pre-determined quantities of cassava starch, water, preservatives, stabiliser/emulsifier, and essential oil sequentially.
Combustion characteristics of briquettes produced from three binders and torrefied gmelina arborea (robx.) sawdust
(2023) Bello R.S.; Olorunnisola A.O.; Omoniyi T.E.; Onilude M.A.
Considering the energy potential of briquettes, there are several undesired harmful qualities such as intense yellow flame and smoke. Torrefaction was deemed a suitable technological solution, therefore, the study investigated the combustion properties of briquettes made from Gmelina arborea sawdust and three binders used print paper (UPP), newsprint (Np) and clay (CL). Materials and Methods: Experiments were conducted using a hydraulic press and a biomass stove. The 3 torrefied feedstock samples (TS 30, TS 45 and TS 60 min) were mixed with binders at 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50% w/w at 1.67 kPa applied pressure and 5 min residence period to produce briquettes. The results were statistically analyzed at significance level using ANOVA. Results: Briquette densities decreased with an increase in torrefaction time with strong positive correlations between densities of the same binder type, concentration and torrefaction time. An increase in binder concentration enhanced the combustion characteristics of UPP and Np briquettes positively, with significant negative effects on CL briquettes. Torrefied used printing paper briquette burns with non-luminous flame and reduced smokiness as binder concentration increases, while newsprints briquette produced excessive smokes. Briquettes produced from used printing papers at 45 min torrefaction had better performances in terms of energy values, product flammability and reduced smokiness. Clay-bonded briquettes had delayed ignition 7-10 min and failed to burn with flame, rather than by char combustion. Conclusion: Torrefaction time, binder type and concentration had significant positive effects on the combustion characteristics. Clay had poor effects on combustion characteristics.
Design and fabrication of a hydrapulper for disintegrating disused tetra pak® beverage cartons
(2015) Fatoki J.G.; Omoniyi T.E.; Onilude M.A.
This study is aimed at producing paper from disused Tetra Pak® beverage cartons usually found in Nigerian landfills and dumpsites, creating environmental problems. Their use will reduce the overexploitation of trees in the forest for papermaking. A laboratory-scale hydrapulper of 80dm3 was designed and fabricated using locally sourced materials to make the disintegration process cost effective. The performance of the hydrapulper was evaluated at three carton slurry consistencies: low, medium and high consistencies where 3%, 8% and 13% of carton pieces were repulped in water respectively. The fabricated hydrapulper performed satisfactorily to disintegrate and separate the paper component of the cartons from its low density polyethylene and aluminum foil components. The highest average pulp yield of 60.57% was recorded at low consistency although there is no significant difference between the pulp yields at each consistency. It can be concluded that about 80% of the paper component of the carton can be recovered for papermaking.
Development and performance evaluation of a low-cost paper egg tray making machine
(2022) Amoo K.; Omoniyi T.E.; Onilude M.A.
Chicken eggs are extremely fragile and require protective packaging for handling, storage and delivery. Paper egg tray, the most globally acceptable package for eggs, is often im- ported, costly and scarce in Nigeria due to difficulties in procurement and management of standard machines for trays’ local production. Therefore, this study was intended to lo- cally develop and evaluate the performance of a low-cost paper egg tray-making machine to ease the local production and distribution of paper egg trays in Nigeria. Using metal scraps as construction materials and a sand-casting method for mould manufacture, a 30- cell paper egg tray-making machine was developed, and its performance was evaluated. Power rating determination of the machine was done using Logger Interface Program. The paper egg trays having dimensions of 300 ×300mm; cell diameter of 35mm; cell depth of 25mm; and wet and dry weights of 298.0 g and 86.0 g, respectively, were produced. The vibration resistance of the manufactured trays was compared with existing oness at a frequency of 5 Hz. The machine of 1.4 Kw power rating and sand-cast aluminum-alloy moulds was developed at a total cost of N76, 720 ($210). The machine could be oper- ated manually with a minimum of one employee, using reciprocating mould movement at a capacity of ten trays per hour. An acceptable paper egg tray was obtained with Chip- board (65.0%) and Newsprint (35.0%) wastepaper mix, fabric-mesh hole-size of ≤0.6 mm and pulp slurry of 4.0% consistency. The vibration resistance result showed that the egg failure by the manufactured and existing paper egg trays was moderate and comparable. The machine development could encourage waste management, youth employment, and affordable local paper egg tray manufacture and supply in Nigeria.
Development of a multiple-piston hydraulic briquetting press hbp and characterization of newsprint briquettes produced
(2023) Bello R.S; Olorunnisola A.O.; Omoniyi T.E.; Onilude M.A.
Technical complexity, power source, cost, and product value are some challenging considerations in briquetting. Most of the available briquetting options are not sustainable due to these challenges, therefore, improved intermediate technology options requiring low energy consumption, high-energy product and acceptable combustion characteristics to meet these challenges are justified by developing a multiple-piston hydraulic briquetting press (HBP) and characterizing the briquettes produced from Gmelina arborea sawdust and newsprint binder. Materials and Methods: Sorted Gmelina arborea sawdust was mixed with pulped newsprint fibers in 5 ratios 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50%, respectively, to produce briquettes. The briquettes were characterized using American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), British Standard (BS), and International Standards Organization (ISO) test procedures to determine briquette characteristics. Results: The machine output capacity was 96 briquettes/hour, with low production cost (NGN40, 000.00). The briquettes produced are structurally stable with dimensions: 15.00 mm internal hole, 80.00 mm external diameter, and 60.00 mm height. Low binder briquettes (90:10% wt/wt) are fragile and brittle, while higher binder briquettes are strong and durable. Binder concentration positively improves the combustion characteristics, while the time spent cooking 1 kg of yam is not significantly different for rice. The briquettes thermal efficiency in stove was significantly affected by binder concentration and stove characteristics. Conclusion: The outcomes of this study including high machine output capacity, briquettes’ stability, luminous flame and reduced smokiness showed positive quality contributions to densification study and hence, suitability for domestic heating.
Effects of binder concentrations and soaking time on combustion characteristics of briquettes produced from fermented gmelina arborea (roxb) sawdust and used print paper
(Black Sea Agricultural Research Institute (KTAE) Samsun, Türkiye, 2022) Bello R.S.; Olorunnisola A.O.; Omoniyi T.E.; Onilude M.A.
Low-density briquettes are known for having several undesirable characteristics, such as an intense yellow flame and smokiness that are too high for domestic applications. The pretreatment of feedstock has been identified as a tool for addressing these issues; however, process costs and variability conditions has significant impact on the selection and performance of these methods. Consequent on these, fermentation method was employed to investigate the effects of binder concentration and soaking time on briquettes produced from fermented G. arborea sawdust and used print paper binder in this work. Untreated sawdust samples were collected from sawmill's dumpsite and soaked for 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours under mesophilic and anaerobic conditions while used print paper were converted into pulped fiber. Briquette mix ratio by percentage weight proportions varied from (10:90-50:50) % dry basis. A statistical analysis of briquette densities revealed a significant positive correlation between the densities of fermented briquettes and the binder concentration at (p<0.05). Thermal efficiency decreased with increase in binder concentration with no significant difference in fermentation time, while the specific fuel consumption increased with increase in binder concentration. Fermentation time and binder concentration slightly improved the combustion characteristics of briquettes. Economic analysis suggested economic viability of the process.
Fibre Characteristics of Paper and Paper Egg Tray Used In Southwestern Nigeria
(2016) Amoo K.; Onilude M.A.; Omoniyi T.E.
Fibre characteristics of paper and paper egg tray (locally manufactured and imported brands) used in Southwestern Nigeria was investigated. 14 different brands of paper and paperboard were selected to cover the available varieties of paper and paperboard for egg tray production. Paper samples were obtained from identified paper egg tray producing establishments, printing press and other sources in the region. A total of 9 paper egg tray brands of local and imported categories were also obtained for characterization based on users’ recommendation. 25mm by 25mm of each test specimen was put in test tube containing warm water of 50ºc, for 24 hours. Representative samples of separated fibres in the suspension were mounted on slides and measured under a Ritchert Light Microscope x80 magnification. Twenty (20) representative fibres were selected and measured in order to keep error below 5% for a 95% confidence level. Results obtained showed that sample papers and boards were made of heterogeneous fibrous materials; and their fibre quality compromised. Local paper egg trays were made of comparatively lower fibre quality.
Performance of briquettes produced from sawdust of gmelina arborea and montmorillonite clay as binder
(Black Sea Agricultural Research Institute (KTAE) Samsun, Türkiye, 2023) Bello R.S.; Olorunnisola A.O.; Omoniyi T.E.; Onilude M.A.
Clay had been used as binders in briquetting research activities, however their performance characterization in terms of quality and combustion have not been clearly evaluated or reported. This study therefore provide a qualitative evaluation of briquettes produced using sawdust of Gmelina arborea and montmorillonite clay. Sun-dried sawdust (~9% moisture contents) obtained from sawmills in Ishiagu, Ebonyi State were mixed with processed clay samples collected from earthen pot mould sites characterized, then used in briquette production using five mixing ratios of 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, & 50:50 (weight/weight)% and standard test procedures for characterization. Data were analyzed using SPSS at p< 0.05 significance levels. The quality characteristics of clay briquettes compared favourably with other binder types with an increase in performance as binder concentration increases. The briquettes combustion performance in air and stove are significantly affected by the agglomerated non-combustible clay particle impregnating the biomass matrix. Best combustion performance occurred at 10% binder concentration with no significant value-addition to ignition time, flame combustion and heating values. Above 10% binder addition, briquettes failed self-ignition, flame combustion, and retarded char combustion tests. This implied clay is a poor performing binder and the associated briquette are combustibly poor.
Production estimation and delay analyses of a locally fabricated band saw
(2020) Omoniyi T.E.; Onilude M.A.
The objective of the study was to estimate the productivity of a locally fabricated band saw using delay analyses in order to achieve improved production and judicious utilisation of available resources. A time and motion study was applied to collect the data for the processing system and the data recorded and processed. The working cycle of the machine was also recorded and all variables that affect productivity. The result shows productivity was significantly affected by the log supplied characteristics, sawing patterns, maintenance of equipment and level of training. This reveals the need to improve equipment availability and maintenance during sawing.
The design and construction of a pulp molding machine
(2021) Kolajo T.E.; Onilude M.A.; Omoniyi T.E.; Oladosu O.T.
The conversion of fibrous wastes into useful packaging materials has become imperative to effectively manage the vast amount of waste paper and paper products. A laboratory sized machine was developed to mold pulp slurry into a bowl by suction. The processes included collection of waste papers, sorting to grades, cleaning, refining, molding and drying. The machine comprises of the mold, counter mold, slurry vat and lowering mechanism. The machine works on the suction principle with a pulp slurry consistency of about 5%.