Browsing by Author "Sule, W. F."

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Epidemiological evaluation of rubella virus infection among pregnant women in Ibadan, Nigeria
(Taylor and Francis, 2015) Adewumi, M. O.; Olayinka, O. A.; Olusola, B. A.; Faleye, T. O.; Sule, W. F.; Adesina, O.
Rubella is a vaccine-preventable, mild rash-inducing viral disease with complications that include a spectrum of birth defects in the developing fetus, especially if the infection is acquired in the early months of pregnancy. Consequently, the primary objective of global rubella control programs is prevention of congenital rubella infection and associated birth defects. Despite the availability of safe and effective vaccines, and the elimination of the rubella virus in many developed countries, substantial commitment to rubella control has not been demonstrated in developing countries. This study appraises immunity to rubella, and consequently makes appropriate recommendations aimed at facilitating effective control. A cross-sectional sero-surveillance study was carried out among defined 272 consenting ante-natal clinic attendees in south-western, Nigeria. Prevalence rates of 91.54% and 1.84% were recorded for the anti–rubella virus (anti-RV) IgG and IgM, respectively. Also, 90.7% and 92.3% of the women aged ≤30 years and >30 years, respectively, had detectable anti-RV IgG. No significant association (p = 0.94) was recorded between anti-RV IgG detection and age of the women. Previous exposure and susceptibility of significant fraction of the population to rubella infection were confirmed. Considerable political commitment and promotion of free rubella immunization specifically for women with childbearing potential were recommended.
High Prevalence Of Anti-Hepatitis A Virus Immunoglobulin G Antibody Among Healthcare Facility Attendees In Osogbo, Nigeria
(Talor&Francis, 2013-01-19) Sule, W. F.; Kajogbola, A. T; Adewumi, M. O.
The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of anti-hepatitis A virus (HAV) immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody and associated factors among residents of Osogbo, a town in Nigeria with inadequate environmental sanitation and a shortage of potable water. This is a health facility–based study. Ninety one consenting, asymptomatic attendees of public healthcare facilities in Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria, were consecutively selected for this study. Plasma samples of the study participants were tested for the presence of anti-HAV IgG using a HAV Ab Competitive Enzyme Immunoassay test kit. Ninety (98.9%) of the participants were seropositive for anti-HAVIgG antibody; group-specific prevalence was also high, but association of participants’ variables with the prevalence could not be obtained due to limited sample size and high group-specific prevalence. Since the hepatitis A vaccine is not currently used in Nigeria, the chance is high that the HAV IgG antibody–positive individuals were naturally infected; consequently Osogbo can be described as highly endemic for HAV infection.
Low and Zero Prevalence Rates of Anti-measles Virus Immunoglobulin G in Mothers and Their Infants Respectively in Health Centers in Osogbo, Nigeria"
(SCIENCEDOMAIN international, 2014) Adegboye, O. A,; Adegboye, A. A.; Adewumi, M.O.; Sule, W. F.
We undertook this study to determine the susceptibility of mother-infant pair participants to measles virus infection in two health centers in Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional hospital-based study. The study was carried out in Osogbo, southwestern, Nigeria between November, 2012 and February, 2013. With ethical approval and participants’ consents, 83 mothers and their 84 infants were consecutively recruited; blood samples were aseptically collected from them by thumb puncture onto Whatman filter paper. The papers were appropriately labeled; air-dried and kept in brown envelopes which we kept in clean polythene bags and stored at 4ºC until assayed. Freshly prepared PBS was used to elute serum from 5 to 6 punched-out disks from each Whatman filter paper. The supernatant from the spun eluate of each sample was assayed for anti-measles virus IgG using ELISA. Overall, 2.41% and zero percent seroprevalence rates were recorded from the nursing mothers and their infants respectively. We concluded that the seropositivity of anti-measles virus IgG antibody in the nursing mothers from the two health facilities was very low, and that all the infants and most (97.59%) of the nursing mothers were apparently susceptible to measles virus infection.
Traditional crop farmers in Kogi East, Nigeria elucidate elevated HIV and AIDS prevalence level during a five -year study period
(Academic Journals (Academic Journals Inc., Lagos, Nigeria), 2009) Sule, W. F.; Enemuor, S. C.; Adewumi, M. O.; Attah, O. C.
The United Nations reported that HIV and AIDS have negative impact upon agriculture and increasing hunger in sub-Saharan Africa. Such a situation is postulated to synonymously occur in Nigeria. This study therefore, aimed to investigate the prevalence level of HIV antibodies and AIDS among traditional crop farmers and non-farmers comprising traders, drivers, teachers and students in Kogi East. This is one of the primary agricultural areas of Kogi State, Nigeria and is therefore of great importance to perform an assessment depicting the prevalence of local HIV infection. Documented records of HIV antibody screening from the year 2002 to 2006 at the Voluntary Counselling and HIV Testing Unit of General Hospital, Ankpa, Kogi East were reviewed. Selected data was statistically analyzed with Chi2 - test using SPSS 13.0. A total of 11,077 patients from the ages of two months to 72 years were screened during the five years. Of this, 2,510 HIV positive cases (overall prevalence of 22.70%; mean = 21.86%; n= 5; standard deviation [SD] = 5.64%) and 322 mean = 12.47%; n = 5; SD = 2.23%) AIDS-related deaths were documented. The letter group included 250 (77.6%, mean = 71.91%; SD = 15.72%) farmers. A significant higher number of farmers were seropositive (_2 = 72.710; p = 0.001, df = 1, _ = 0.05) and died (_2 = 93.255; p = 0.001, df = 1, _ = 0.05) of AIDS-related illness compared to the non-farmers. The ages of people that died range from 12 to 49 years (n = 322) with a mean age of 44.1 years. Throughout the specified five years sampling duration, more non-farmers than farmers partook in HIV antibody screening. Farmers that were seropositive for HIV antibodies and died of AIDS-related illness were significantly higher in proportion than the non-farmers.