Browsing by Author "Taiwo, V.O"

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The Effects of Single and Combined Repetitive Oral Administration of Common Pesticides and Alcohol on Rabbits
(1999) Fadina, O.O; Taiwo, V.O; Ogunsunmi, A.O
The toxicological effects of repetitive single or combined oral administration of a synthetic pyrethroid pesticide (KarateR), nicotine and alcohol (ethanol) in rabbits were studied. Rabbits given daily oral doses of either KarateR, nicotine or ethanol and a combination of either KarateR and nicotine or alcohol exhibited various forms and severities of nervous signs, haematological and serum biochemical alterations, and lungs, liver, heart, kidney and brain damage. Single repetitive nicotine consumption proved most fatal with 75% mortality rate recorded within eight weeks, while combined KarateR and alcohol consumption caused 100% mortality within ten weeks. Severe anaemia, panleucopenia, significant increase in serum gammaglutamyl transferase and hypocholesterolaemia were the hallmarks of severe toxicity with these agents. This study highlights the possible long-term effects of the indiscriminate use of pesticides, and some common environmental pollutants like alcohol on rabbits. This very serious threat to biodiversity Conservation efforts in our environment that may result from this is discussed.
Food Security And Safety In Nigeria The Impact Of Enviromental Pollution On Livestock Production Systems
(2001) Taiwo, V.O; Fadina, O.O
Toxicity of gamma-benzene hydrochloride (y-bhc) to oreochromis niloticus (pisces: cichlidae)
(2000) Fadina, 0.0; Taiwo, V.O; Ogunsunmi, A O; Agbede, S A
The toxicity of gamma-benzene hydrochloride (y-BHC) to Oreochromis mlolicus was evaluated in a static bioassay system A various concentrations and ponods of exposure, changes in behavioural responses and ortahbes were recorded in the test fish, while no such responses or any molality was recorded in the control fish throughout the period of the experiment increasing concentration and periods of exposure to y-BHC caused uncoordinated movements, erratic swimming behavior and extreme dullness prior to death of the lest fish. There are progressive heamoconcentration, hyperproteinaemia, hypernatraemia, decreased plasma cabon concentration, hypoglycaemia and increased plasma levels of ALP, AST and ALT will increasing concentration of y- BHC and period of exposure of test fish Death of test fish pccued cathest in the highest concentration of y- BHC(200ppm) and with increasing ponods of exposure postmortem lesions observed in the test fish include haemorrhagic and necrotic enlentis and myocarditis, hepalocellular degeneration and necrosim and non-suppurative meningoencephalitis it is concluded that y-BHC is very toxic to O.nilolicus, causing severed ncule denydration,haemoconcentration, organ damage and death. Hence, it is suggested that the use of y-BHC to properly controlled and regulated by appropriate legislation in order to prevent its bioaccumulation in the environment and immnent disastrous effect on the ecosystem
The working environment and livestock production systems in Nigeria
(2001) Fadina, O.O; Taiwo, V.O
Favorable and safe working conditions are important factors in animal production. In urban and peri-urban areas of Nigeria, most the livestock arc kept under the extensive System where animals are exposed lo industrial wastes, oil Spills and domestic effluents, which might leave serious effects on the health of the animals. And for a country (hat has an annual record of over a thousand oil spillages, pollution of soils often leads to destruction of pasture land and death of water animals. In its drive to increase food production, many Nigerian farmers have been using pesticides on their farms. Animals in search of forage and water are often killed when they come in contact with pesticide treated farms and contaminated water. The poisoning of sheep and goats by organochlorine residues on cocoa farms have been recorded in many parts of the country and birds have also been known to be poisoned by acaricides which are used as washes dusting powders for the treatment of fleas and lice. This paper thus describes the various deleterious effects of common pollutants on the livestock production System in Nigeria. Suggestions were also made on the ways and means of reducing exposure of animals to environmental toxicants.