Browsing by Author "olaifa, F. E."

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The body weight changes and gut merphometry of clarias gariepinus juveniles on feeds supplemented with walnut (Tetracarpidium conophorum) leaf and onions (allium cepa) bulb residues
(2012) Bello, O. S.; Emikpe, B. O.; olaifa, F. E.
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of walnut (T. conophorum) leaf and onion (A. cepa) bulb on the gut morphometry of Clarias gariepinus towards elucidating its mechanism of growth promotion. Twenty Clarias gariepinus juveniles (7.390.29g/ fish) were allocated to nine treatments, with three replicates each. Nine experimental diets were formulated at 40% crude protein representing different level of walnut leaf and onion bulb (0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0%) respectively and the control diet was free from walnut leaf and onion bulb and were fed twice daily at 3 % body weight for 12 weeks. Growth indices like Mean Weight Gain (MWG), Specific Growth Rate (SGR), Feed Intake (FI) and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) were measured. Gut morphormetry such as villi length, villi width and cryptal depth were investigated. Data were analyzed using linear regression, descriptive statistics and ANOVA at p= 0.05. Results showed that weight gain and specific growth rate of Clarias gariepinus increased with increasing level of walnut leaf and onion bulb residues. The highest weight gain (53.815.85), specific growth rate (1.090.11), feed conversion ratio (2.160.02) was observed with 1.5% inclusions of walnut leaf residue diets. Although, FCR and SGR were not significantly different (p>0.05) among the treatments, the treated groups had better area of absorption and cryptal depth compared to the control. Treatment with 1.5% inclusion of walnut leaf residue recorded highest villi length and villi width and treatment with 1.5% inclusion of onion bulb recorded highest cryptal depth (30.000.00). These results indicate that using walnut leaf and onion bulb as a supplement in plant –based diets may be useful in improving feed acceptability and growth performance of cultured C. gariepinus fed low cost, plant – based diets and it was concluded that walnut (T. conophorum) leaf at 1.5% inclusion in the diet of Clarias gariepinus improved body weight gain, feed conversion ratio by increasing the absorptive capacity through increased villi length, villi width and cryptal depth
Investigation into the healing properties of walnut (tetracarpidium conophorum) leaf and onion (allium cepa) bulb residues in clarias gariepinus
(2013-05) Bello, O. S.; Emikpe, B. O.; olaifa, F. E.
The study evaluated the effect of dietary inclusion levels of walnut leaf (WL) and onion bulb (OB) residues on dermal wound healing of Clarias gariepinus. The experiment was carried out in 9 experimental tanks (1.8 m x 2 m x 1.2 m) for 14 days. Nine experimental diets were formulated at 40% crude protein representing the following inclusion levels: Control (0%), OB2 (0.5%), OB3 (1.0%), OB4 (1.5%), OB5 (2.0%), WL6 (0.5%), WL7 (1.0%), WL8 (1.5%) and WL9 (2.0%). Fish (mean weight of 1kg) were fed twice daily at 3% body weight. Percentage healing and daily healing rate on lateral and caudal parts of the male and female Clarias gariepinus were investigated at 0, 7 and 14 days. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at P < 0.05. The results demonstrated that the fish fed with walnut leaf and onion bulb residues showed better performance than the control. Dermal wound healing of Clarias gariepinus was better on lateral and caudal parts (100%, 14.29; 100%, 14.29) in WL 8 compared to the control (98%, 14.00; 80%, 11.43) respectively. The results obtained showed that the male Clarias gariepinus had better healing compared to the female (100%, 14.29; 82%, 11.71), respectively. Diets with walnut leaf and onion bulb residues had wound healing properties and they could be use in fish farming. Also, the inclusion of 1.5% of walnut leaf residue in fish feed promotes wound healing in Clarias gariepinus
The protective effect of walnut (tetracarpidium conophorum) leaf and onion (allium cepa) bulb residues on the experimental pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in clarias gariepinus juveniles
(African Union, 2012) Bello, O. S.; Emikpe, B. O.; olaifa, F. E.
The study assessed the effect of Walnut Leaf (WL) and Onion Bulb (OB) residues on disease resistance of Clarias gariepinus juveniles against infection with the bacteria pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Clarias gariepinus juveniles were fed with diets containing 0 (control), OB2 (0.5%), OB3 (1.0%), OB4 (1.5%), OB5 (2.0%), WL6 (0.5%), WL7 (1.0%), WL8 (1.5%) and WL9 (2.0%). Biochemical (serum total protein, albumin, globulin, albumin: globulin ratio) and haematological indices of the fish were investigated. Fish were exposed to 0.5ml of 107 Pseudomonas aeruginosa of 24h old culture with the percentage mortality and relative level of protection recorded for 4 weeks post – infection. The results demonstrated that the fish fed with treated diets showed increased in biochemical and haematological indices (P<0.05) compared with the control. The challenge infection showed an improvement from treated groups with percentage mortalities and relative level of protection highest in WL8 (3.33%, 90%) and OB2 (3.33%, 90%) and least (33.33%, 0%) in control respectively. The results suggest that walnut leaf residue at 1.5% inclusion for one month could be a potential, less expensive and promising dietary supplement that would positively affect growth, haematology and make C. gariepinus more resistant to Pseudomonas aeruginosa