Scholarly works
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/430
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Item Parents' awareness and perception of the polio eradication programme in Gombe Local Government Area, Gombe State, Nigeria(2007) Obute, J. A.; Arulogun, O. S.The polio eradication programme currently present in Nigeria has not resulted in the complete eradication of the disease. This has prompted an investigation into the awareness and perception of recipients of the programme in Gombe Local Government Area (LGA), Gombe State. The survey sample size was 422 parents. These were selected via a multistage sampling system. An additional 24 parents and 6 community leaders were purposely selected to participate in focus group discussions and interviews. The results showed that while the majority of parents (353, 83.6%) believed that polio was a serious disease, only 216 (50.7%) parents believed their children were susceptible. Fifty-six per cent of respondents did not know the mode of transmission of the polio virus. The major reasons cited for reluctance to release children for polio immunisation were: 165 (39.6%) parents were worried about polio vaccine overdose, 31 (7.3%) believed the vaccine was mixed with harmful pathogens, and 172 (40.8%) felt there were too many national immunisation days and too much attention was given to polio to the detriment of other diseases. Based on these findings, there is the need for a campaign to educate parents on the nature of the polio disease, to highlight the importance of immunisation and to dispel negative rumours regarding the immunisation programme.Item Knowledge dissemination and evaluation in a cervical cancer screening implementation program in Nigeria(Elsevier Inc., 2007) Miller, D.; Okolo, C. A.; Mirabal, Y.; Guillaud, M.; Arulogun, O. S.; Oladepo, O.; Crain, B.; Follen, M.; Adewole, I. F.Objectives: Our goals were to train health professionals in Nigeria using the text, "Planning and Implementing Cervical Cancer Prevention and Control Programs: A Manual for Managers", and then evaluate the knowledge dissemination process using a pre- and post-test assessment. The manual was developed by the ACCP, WHO, TARC, PATT-T,Engender Health, TI-TPTEGO, and PAT-TO with funding from the Gates Foundation. It is an inclusive guide to implementation and maintenance of screen-and-treat cervical cancer prevention clinics and is ideally suited for programs operating in the developing world. Methods. Training took place at a conference in Ibadan, Nigeria. Participants included teams of physicians, nurses, bioengineers, data managers, and administrators who met in joint and parallel sessions to "train the trainers". This meeting was designed to provide both training and equipment to personnel to be involved in the implementation of a cervical cancer control initiative in Nigeria. A 36 item pre-test was administered prior to a group study sessions. A slide presentation summarized salient points before the post-test was given. The results were entered into an MS Excel spreadsheet for descriptive statistics about (I) the participants, (2) the test, (3) an examination of profession, years of work experience, years of education, and gender as predictors of two outcomes (low pre-test score and large difference between pre- and post-tests) and (4) overall performance on the exam. Results. There were 70 participants and trainers, of which 53 took the exam. Most of the examinees were physicians. Some participants did not fill out the post-test, leaving their tests inevaluable. A closer look at the test revealed eight questions that were confusing and nine that were too easy. All participant subgroups performed better on the post-test than the pre-test; the improvements were statistically significant. While profession impacted the results, profession was not statistically significant. Years of work experience, years of education, and gender did not affect test results. Conclusions. While the study suffers from a small sample size, a few ambiguous questions, and the need for pilot testing the instrument prior to the meeting, the report evaluates the manual very favorably. The authors showed a significant gain in knowledge. The manual gives "the big picture" and does so with clarity. The text and supplementary material outline the work that needs to proceed in an organized program, and the material was easily understandable in Nigeria. Future evaluations could benefit from more participants and varied learning structures.Item Potential risk of HIV transmission in barbering practice among professional barbers in Ibadan, Nigeria(2009) Arulogun, O. S.; Adesoro, M.Background: There is a growing concern that barbering procedures could create opportunities for HIV transmission. However, little is known about Nigerian barbers' practices relating to the prevention of HIV. Objectives: This study assessed the precautionary measures for the prevention of HIV among commercial barbers in Ibadan, Nigeria. Methods: Data were collected using validated checklist to directly observe ninety barbering procedures in forty-five barber shops randomly selected from three communities that have been categorized as inner-core, transitory and peripheral. Results: Respondents were all males with mean age of 36(±10.2) years. Ninety-eight percent had at least primary school education and all of them learnt barbering through apprenticeship. The instruments used were razor blades (11.1%), manual clippers (8.9%) and electric clippers (80%). Clippers were sterilized in 10% and disinfected in 72.5%, while no decontamination was carried out in 17.5% of the sessions. Fifty two percent of the disinfections involved the use of kerosene, a disinfectant not recommended for HIV inactivation; 48 .3% of the disinfectants were not in the original containers while 53.4% of the sessions involved the use of same brush for cleaning clipper and brushing hair. Hand-held flame and Ultra-violet light sterilizer were used in 50% of the sterilization process. Barbers in the high-class peripheral communities were more likely to practice appropriate equipment decontamination than those from lower-class inner-core communities. There was blade-to-skin contact in all and accidental cuts occurred in three of the sessions and none was properly managed. Conclusion: The risk of transmitting HIV is high in the barbershops in the study area. Health education strategies such as training, supportive supervision and peer education are needed to facilitate the adoption of effective precautionary measures against HIV infection among barbers.Item Management practices of childhood malaria among caregivers in Ojo millitary cantonment, Lagos, nigeria: implication for child survival(2009) Arulogun, O. S.; Gregory, A. U.The study explored home management practices for malaria by caregivers in the Military Cantonment, Ojo Lagos. Data was collected using pre-tested Focus Group Discussion guide and interviewer administered questionnaire. The 400 survey respondents were selected using the systematic sampling method while the discussion participants were purposively selected. Data analysis was done using EPI Info statistical software and thematic approaches. The mean age of respondents was 29 ±15.2 years while 89.8% of respondents were biological parents of the index children. High prevalence of malaria all year round caused by mosquitoes bite was indicated by 281(70.2%) respondents, while 73 (18.3%) of the respondents reported having lost a child under 5 years old to malaria related illnesses. Preventive practices were uncoordinated while awareness and use of ITNs is low. Home management practices of childhood malaria involved the immediate treatment with medicines available in the home. Sharing of left over drugs and herbs were common practices. Home treatment was preferred because of high costs 250(62.5%), unfriendly attitude of workers 195(48.8%) and long waiting time 194(48.5%) in the health facilities. Based on the findings there is the need to institute an awareness programme aimed at improving prompt home management of malaria in the barracks.Item Community gate keepers' awareness and perception of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV services in Ibadan, Nigeria(2007) Arulogun, O. S.; Adewole, I. F.; Olayinka-Alli, L.; Adesina, A. O.Each year, around half a million children aged under 15 become infected with HIV and more than 90% are the result of mother-to-child transrnission. Services to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) are therefore important entry points for HIV AIDS Prevention, treatment and care services for women, their children and families. The study aimed at identifying level of awareness and knowledge of PMTCT services that can be utilized in improving access. The methodology consisted of 20 individual in-depth interviews spread over Adabeji, Adeoyo/Agbadagbudu, Jakiru/Onipasan and Eleta communities, in Ibadan among household heads, religious and community based leaders. Key factors identified were low knowledge of mother to child transmission, lack of knowledge of the PMTCT services, inadequate community sensitization, inadequate health care facilities. The success of PMTCT programmes demands a shift towards a more community-based approach which calls for strong advocacy, enlightenment and community mobilization for improved awareness and utilization of PMTCT servicesItem Case management of childhood fever by traditional healers in Southwest Nigeria: Identification of training and collaborative needs(Baywood Publishing Co., inc, 2008) Fawole, O. I.; Akinboye, D. O.; Falade, C. O.; Arulogun, O. S.; Adeniyi, J. D.Traditional healers play an important role in the provision of healthcare in many communities in Africa. This study aimed to improve home management of malaria in children by assessing the healer's knowledge and practice. A semi-structured questionnaire interview of 127 traditional healers selected by proportionate sampling technique from two rural and two urban local government areas (LGAs) of southwestern Nigeria was followed by a training program. Malaria ranked first (87%) among the illnesses managed by the healers. Diagnosis of fever was often (72%) based on client history, physical examination (24.4%), consulting oracles (18.9%), and interpretation of dreams (3.1%). Treatment of malaria was with boiled herbs ("agbo"; 72%), ground herbs ("agunmu"; 14%), and incisions and scarifications (3%). Forty-one (32.5%) healers had referred febrile children to a health facility. Younger healers and those who had at least a secondary education were more likely to refer patients (p < 0.05 in both cases). Thirty-six healers (28.4%) had previous formal training on management of fevers, most of whom were the younger (p < 0.(5), educated healers (p> 0.05), with fewer years of practice (p> 0.05). Research into traditional herbs (48%), better acknowledgment by government (23.6%); and collaboration with other health sectors were suggestions to improve practice. Traditional healers, especially the older, less-educated, and long-practicing healers, urgently require formal training and collaboration with other healthcare providers to improve knowledge and promote early referral of children with fever.Item Knowledge, attitude and sources of information about HIV/AIDS among barbers in Ibadan, Nigeria(2009-12) Adesoro, O. M.; Arulogun, O. S.Objective: The study documented the influence of HIV/AIDS information on the knowledge and attitudes of barbers relating to the prevention of HIV in their professional practices. Methods: Data were collected using standardized questionnaire from all the 372 commercial barbers in a Local Government Area in Ibadan. Results: Ninety three percent of the barbers had at least primary school education and 99.5% learnt barbering through apprenticeship. Those who identified sex and sharing of invasive objects with infected persons as transmission routes were 96.7% and 84.7% respectively. Preventive measures mentioned were disinfection (86.0%) and avoiding accidental cuts (87.4%). There were misconceptions like availability of cure (18%) and transmission of HIV through handshake (14.5%). Majority (64.8%) thought only visibly stained instruments were infectious and 83.3% did not know that barbers were at risk of direct infection from the clients. Those with higher education had more HIV knowledge than the less educated ones (p<0.05). Ninety-five percent agreed that equipment decontamination was the primary responsibility of barbers. Major source of information identified was mass media (95.7%). Conclusion: The occupational-specific knowledge and attitudes of the barbers about HIVIAIDS were inadequate. Mass media messages should be reinforced with pertinent information through person to-person contact.