Scholarly works in Health Promotion and Education
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/430
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Item Prevalence and factors Associated with alcohol Use in selected urban communities in Ibadan, Nigeria(SAGE Publications, 2023) Aremu,T.; Anibijuwon, I. B.; John‑Akinola, Y. O.; Oluwasanu, M.; Oladepo O.Nigeria is ranked high among African countries in the consumption of alcohol and the national adult per capita consumption was estimated at 12.3litres. Harmful alcohol use is the sixth leading cause of disability and deaths in Nigeria. This study assessed the prevalence and factors associated with alcohol use in selected urban communities in Ibadan, Nigeria. This community-based cross sectional study was conducted among 500 respondents in two selected urban communities in Ibadan, Nigeria. The World Health Organization STEPS tool was used to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics of respondents and the history of alcohol use. Alcohol users were categorized into ever consumed, current consumers, consumers within last 12 months, and frequent consumers within 30 days (low, medium, and high consumers).Chi-square analysis was used to identify factors associated with the different categories of alcohol consumption. The mean age of the respondents was 35.36_12.24 years. Almost one third of the participants (29.0%) reported they had ever consumed alcohol and (13.6%) had consumed alcohol within 30 days prior to the study. Factors significantly associated with the ever-use of alcohol were gender (p¼0.000), and income (p¼0.000). Current use of alcohol had a statistically significant relationship with male gender (p¼0.000). The prevalence of high alcohol use is low in the sample of urban communities studied, and factors influencing include sex, marital status, level of education, income. These results should inform policy decisions to address the alcohol use in urban communities in Southwest Nigeria.Item Causes and remedies for low research productivity among postgraduate scholars and early career researchers on non-communicable diseases in Nigeria(Springer, 2019) Oluwasanu, M. M.; Atara, N.; Balogun, W.; Awolude, O.; Olayinka Kotila, O.; Aniagwu, T.; Adejumo, P.; Oyedele, O. O.; Ogun, M.; Arinola, G.; Babalola, C. P.; Olopade, C. S.; Olopade, O.; Ojengbede, O.Objective: The aim of the descriptive, cross sectional, questionnaire-based study reported here was to explore the causes of low productivity in non-communicable diseases research among postgraduate scholars and early career researchers in Nigeria and identify measures that could facilitate increased research output. Results: The 89 respondents were masters-level, doctoral scholars and resident doctors who attended a workshop. Majorities of the respondents (over 70%) either agreed or strongly agreed that factors contributing to poor non-communicable diseases research productivity include a dearth of in-country researchers with specialized skills, inability of Nigerian researchers to work in multidisciplinary teams, poor funding for health research, sub-optimal infrastructural facilities, and limited use of research findings by policy makers. Almost all the respondents (over 90%) agreed that potential strategies to facilitate non-communicable diseases research output would include increased funding for research, institutionalization of a sustainable, structured capacity building program for early career researchers, establishment of Regional Centers for Research Excellence, and increased use of research evidence to guide government policy actions and programs.Item Analysis of tobacco control policies in Nigeria: historical development and application of multi-sectoral action(Springer Nature, 2018) Oladepo, O.; Oluwasanu, M.; Abiona, O.Background: Tobacco use is a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases and policy formulation on tobacco is expected to engrain international guidelines. This paper describes the historical development of tobacco control policies in Nigeria, the use of multi-sectoral action in their formulation and extent to which they align with the World Health Organisation “best buy” interventions. Methods: We adopted a descriptive case study methodology guided by the Walt and Gilson Policy Analysis Framework. Data collection comprised of document review (N = 18) identified through search of government websites and electronic databases with no date restriction and key informant interviews (N = 44) with stakeholders in public and private sectors. Data was integrated and analyzed using content analysis. Ethical approval was granted by the University of Ibadan and University College Hospital Ethics Review Committee. Results: Although the agenda for development of a national tobacco control policy dates back to the 1950s, a comprehensive Framework Convention for Tobacco Control (FCTC) compliant policy was only developed in 2015, 10 years after Nigeria signed the FCTC. Lack of funding and conflict of interest (of protecting citizens from harmful effect of tobacco viz. a viz. the economic gains from the industry) are the major barriers that slowed the policy process. Current tobacco –related policies developed by the Federal Ministry of Health were formulated through strong multi-sectoral engagement and covering all the four WHO “best buy” interventions. Other policies had limited multi-sectoral engagement and “best buy” strategies. The tobacco industry was involved in the development of the Standards for Tobacco Control of 2014 contrary to the long-standing WHO guideline against engagement of the industry in policy formulation. Conclusions: Nigeria has a comprehensive national policy for tobacco control which was formulated a decade after ratification of the FCTC due to constraints of funding and conflict of interest. Not all the tobacco control policies in Nigeria engrain the principles of multi sectorality and best buy strategies in their formulation. There is an urgent need to address these neglected areas that may hamper tobacco control efforts in Nigeria.