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Item Anti-inflammatory activity of the Methanol Extracts of Cissus Populnea GUILLS & PERS and Cissus Arguta HOOK. F.(University of Ibadan, 2022) Ogunmefun, S. A.; Ajayi, T. O.; Moody, J. O.Inflammation, characterized by pain, heat, swelling, redness, and loss of body function, is a living tissue's initial response to injury. There are ethno-botanical claims made about these plants for their wound-healing abilities which have not been scientifically validated. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the anti-inflammatory activity of the two related Cissus species. The plant samples (leaf, stem and root) were dried, powdered and extracted with methanol (100%) and concentrated in vacuo and evaporated to dryness at room temperature. The anti-inflammatory activity of the plant extracts was evaluated using the in vitro protein denaturation and carrageenan-induced foot pad assay in chick, Diclofenac sodium as the reference and saline as control. Anti-inflammatory effects were observed in a dose-dependent manner. The phytochemical screening performed on the extracts showed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, tannin, anthraquinone, glycosides, saponin and alkaloid. The leaf extract of C. arguta and the stem extract of C. populnea inhibited protein denaturation with a value of 64.46±0.10 and 53.34±0.04 at 3 mg/mL respectively compared to the control group and diclofenac (52.86±0.00) at 3 mg/mL. All concentrations of extract tested; 10, 30, 100 mg/kg) for in vivo study had a significant effect in reducing total edema (AUC) (P < 0.01), and in most case they performed better than diclofenac. However, root extracts of C. populnea at 30 mg/kg (7.13±1.06) had better result in inhibiting edema in chicks than C. arguta extracts at 30 mg/kg (5.64±0.05). The plants exhibited anti-inflammatory activity which can be of great pharmacological importance.Item Antisickling activity of the fresh and dried roots of cissus populnea guill. Et perr (vitaceae)(Nigerian Society of Pharmacognosy, 2015) Adebayo, E. M.; Adeyemi, A. A.; Omotade, O. O.; Fasola, F. A.; Ajayi, T. O.; Attah, F. A.; Famojuro, T. I.; Adebisi, L.; Moody, J. O.Research into plants with claimed traditional use in the management of sickle cell anaemia constitutes a useful research strategy in the search for new antisickling drugs and templates. The root of Cissus populnea has been used traditionally in the management of sickle cell disease (SCD). Phytochemical screening of the fresh and powdered sample of the root of C. populnea (CP) was done using standard methods followed by in vitro antisickling evaluation of extracts, solvent-partitioned fraction (ethylacetate) and the vacuum liquid chromatographic fractions (VLC) of the fresh and dried roots of C. populnea with sodium metabisulphite induced sickling of HbSS erythrocytes. p-hydroxybenzoic acid and normal saline were used as positive and negative controls respectively. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins, saponins and cardiac glycosides. The result of this study showed that the extracts and solvent-partitioned fraction (ethylacetate) from the root of CP have antisickling property with a higher activity for the ethylacetate partitioned fraction of the dried roots compared to that of the fresh roots. The VLC fractions exhibited higher activity than the crude extracts; fraction 3 (FR3) had the maximum activity of 96.4% while 88.6% activity was demonstrated for the standard drug (PABA) at an incubation time of 45 min. This study has thus provided scientific evidence for the traditional use of CP in the management of SCD.