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Item Remedies for glucose intolerance – are traditional herbal concoctions for diabetes effective?(2015) Showande S.J.; Bello J.JBackground:Preventing or delaying the onset of diabetes in prediabetes has the potential to reduce the disease prevalence. Objective:The effectiveness of traditional herbal concoctions for diabetes in ameliorating glucose intolerance was investigated. Material and Methods:Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was carried out by giving 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg of individual plant extract and their aqueous herbal concoctions made from Musa sapientum + Allium sativum + Tetracarpidium conophorum; Gongronema latifolia + Bauhinia monandra; and Alstonia boonei + Mangifera indica to groups of rats, 30 and 60 minutes respectively prior to 3 g/kg of glucose load. Blood glucose levels were determined at 0, 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 minutes post administration. Area under the curve (AUC) for OGTT and glycemic index were calculated and compared with the vehicle control and metformin (100 mg/kg). Level of significance was set at P<0.05. Results:Oral glucose tolerance test AUCs of individual plants were significantly lower than that of the vehicle control (P<0.05) but comparable with that of metformin (P>0.05) when given 30 minutes prior to glucose load. The OGTT curve AUCs of the three herbal concoctions were significantly higher than the two controls (P>0.05). Glycemic index of the concoctions were significantly higher than that of metformin (P>0.05) Conclusion:The herbal concoctions were not effective in ameliorating glucose intolerance. Individual plants were more effective when administered 30 minutes prior to glucose load. The individual herbs showed potentials to delay the onset of diabetes. Further investigations should be conducted on the numerous herbal concoctions used for diabetes.Item Medication Adherence Among Ambulatory Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in a Tertiary Healthcare Setting in Southwestern Nigeria(2011-04) Adisa, R.; Fakeye, T.O; Fasanmade, A.Objective: To assess adherence to medication among ambulatory patients with type 2 diabetes, ascertain the level of glycemic control, and evaluate patients’ opinions on probable reasons for nonadherence with a view to identify areas of intervention to improve adherence. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out at a 900-bed tertiary teaching hospital in Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria between June and August, 2009. Out of 140 consented patients, 114 (81.4%) properly responded to the validated and pre-tested data collection tool and these were subsequently considered for analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data. Means and proportions were compared using student t-test and chi-square or Kruskal-Wallis test as appropriate, with p<0.05 considered statistical significant. Results: Approximately sixty percent of the patients were adjudged adherent with prescribed medication. Out of 58.8% of the cohort who gave their recent fasting plasma glucose (FPG) values, 59.7% had FPG above 110mg/dL. The mean FPG for patients was 139.05 (SD=70.5)mg/dL, males and females significantly differed in their mean FPG, 146.55 (SD=85.0)mg/dL versus 133.33 (SD=57.6)mg/dL respectively (p=0.032). Also, the mean FPG values for adherent patients, 137.09 (SD=59.3)mg/dL was lower than their non-adherent counterparts, 143.92 (SD=87.6) mg/dL, but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.095). Financial constraint (34.4%) was the major barrier to optimal adherence with medication. A significant association exist between genders and opinions on physician’s mode of approach during patientphysician interaction as a contributory factor for non-adherence (p=0.038). Conclusion: Medication adherence of ambulatory type 2 diabetes patients is considerable. However, the relatively high level of adherence did not appear to have significantly impacted on patients’ glycemic status due to a substantial number who had plasma glucose above the recommended targets. Multiple *Rasaq ADISA. B.Pharm, M.Pharm. Lecturer 1. Department of Clinical Pharmacy &Pharmacy Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan (Nigeria). Titilayo O. FAKEYE. B.Pharm, M.Sc, PhD. Senior Lecturer. Department of Clinical Pharmacy &Pharmacy Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan (Nigeria). Adesoji FASANMADE. MBBS, FWACP. Consultant endocrinologist. Department of Medicine, Endocrinology unit, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, (Nigeria). methods may be required to detect patient who report adherence but who may in fact be nonadherent. Also, adherence to other aspects of diabetes management plan needs to be encouraged in order to accomplish optimal glycemic control. Initiatives targeting patient-specific intervention improve medication adherence should be considered.