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Item Challenges and possible solutions to peritoneal dialysis use in Nigeria.(2020) Ajayi, S.; Raji, Y.; Bello, T.; Arije, A.Introduction: peritoneal dialysis is a form of renal replacement therapy that is both effective and relatively affordable. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) was first used in Nigeria as a treatment option for renal failure. Its use was first reported in Nigeria in 1969 and became more widespread in the 80s and 90s. Haemodialysis, which is capital intensive to set up and requires infrastructures and facilities such as electricity, intense water consumption and buildings, seems to have upstaged peritoneal dialysis both in demand and supply. Methods: this cross-sectional study is a convenient survey of nephrologists, renal technicians and nurses in Nigeria. We used a structured, self-administered questionnaire on a cross-section of members and associate members attending a national nephrology association meeting. Results: there were 68(54.4%) doctors, 43(27.2%) nurses, and 14(11.2%) renal technicians, all from medical institutions with renal treatment programs who participated in the study. The most common problems encountered with PD use are financial constraints (51.7%), inadequate fluid supply (50%), frequent line blockage (22.4%) and frequent infections (17.2%). Reasons attributed to the stoppage of PD in the centres included lack of PD fluids (50.8%), unavailability of PD catheters (22.8%), lack of expert personnel to train (15.8%). Conclusion: main challenges to peritoneal dialysis use in Nigeria include limited experience and training and availability and cost of consumables. Effort to overcome the factors militating against its use should be positively pursued so that peritoneal dialysis will be reintegrated into the mainstream of renal replacement therapy once moreItem Challenges facing the growth of kidney transplantation in nigeria: perceptions and knowledge of the nephrologists and other health-care providers(2021) Raji, Y.R.; Ajayi, S.O.; Gbadegesin, B.A.; Bello, T.O.; Salako, B.L.Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the perception and knowledge of health-care providers to the challenges of sustaining the growth of kidney transplantation programs in Nigeria. Materials and Methods: We conducted a survey of 166 health-care providers. A pretested questionnaire was administered on all participants. Information obtained were demographics, characteristics of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, and prospective kidney donors encountered and perception of the barriers to the growth of kidney transplantation program. Results: The respondents returned 134 questionnaires out of 166 (response rate: 80.7%) and only 121 with complete responses were included in the analysis. The mean age was 42.5 ± 0.8 years and 47.9% were females. A quarter of the health-care providers encountered ESRD patients who were more likely to refuse kidney transplantation and 34.1% reported that most of the prospective kidney donors were unwilling to donate. Most of the health care professionals (71.1%) preferred centers outside Nigeria for their patient’s kidney transplantation, while three leading barriers to the growth of kidney transplantation program reported were lack of patients’ trust (58.8%), failure of inter-program collaborations (55.0%), and absent of governmental supports (48.1%). Conclusions: The health-care professionals reported that more than a third of ESRD patients were not likely to accept kidney transplantation and an equal proportion of prospective donors will not agree to kidney donation. Majority of the health care professionals preferred centers outside Nigeria for patients’ kidney transplantation.