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Item Reviving healthcare delivery: context-based issues for revamping primary healthcare in Nigeria(2019) Owumi, B. E.; Taiwo, P. A.; Kolo, V. R.The relationship between health and sustainable development have long been established. Hence the need to rigorously pursue strategies to improve the health status of a nation’s citizenry through functionally effective and efficient delivery systems. However, health and healthcare delivery is a major problem confronting developing nations like Nigeria. In August 1987, Primary healthcare (PHC) was adopted as the cornerstone of health care and health policy in Nigeria. About three decades after, studies have shown that health and healthcare in Nigeria have not significantly improved; and the delivery of health services have become a perennial problem, defying the various solutions that had been advanced to solving it over time. In the face of dwindling economic reality in Nigeria, reviving primary healthcare becomes a viable alternative that will not only produce healthy and productive citizens, thereby generating national wealth; but will also reduce the cost of health care delivery to the average Nigerian. This paper presents a theoretical diagnosis of the state of affairs of healthcare delivery in Nigeria focusing on PHC as the hub of health policy. It examines the problems of PHC, identifying gaps within it that militates against successful implementation and outcomes. The paper concluded that certain deficits in the scope and policy process of PHC in Nigeria accounted for the programme’s incapacitation. It however recommended a thorough situation analysis as a prelude to a bottom-up policy approach, inclusion of the informal health sub-sector especially the traditional health care practitioners as a viable as well as cost effective strategy for the revamping of primary health care in Nigeria.Item Group methodology and women’s access to soft loans in selected microfinance institutions in Edo state, Nigeria(2017) Taiwo, P. A.; Owumi, B. E.; Oyekanmi, O. O.Group methodology has been identified as one of the key elements that differentiates microfinance from other conventional banks. While financial sustainability remains a necessary goal in microfinance bank, the role of group methodology in contributing to microfinance capital, clients’ access to loans and repayment seem to receive negligible attention. The paper seeks to examine the role of group influence in clients’ access to loans and repayment of loans in Edo state in the bid to experience poverty alleviation. Data were collected using qualitative and quantitative method. This included a survey of 750 purposively selected female clients from six selected microfinance banks in the state, 20 key informant interviews, 14 In-depth interviews and 8 Focus Group discussions (FGDs.) Ninety-eight percent of the respondents revealed that they accessed loans through the microfinance banks and repaid through weekly contributions in their “unions”. Qualitative reports revealed that clients experienced increased solidarity and consistently paid back loans through group influence and sometimes covered up for themselves by paying on behalf of those who default for some unforeseen reasons and get paid among themselves later in other to avoid been disqualified from accessing loans. Key informant interviews revealed that group methodology reduced cost and stress, aided recruitment and training of new members and contributed to finances that serve as loans from potential loanees. Harnessing the potentials of the group to improve business skills and combatt other factors that aggravate the effect of poverty is recommended to make microfinance intervention more impactfulItem Perception and utilization of traditional orthopaedic services by orthopaedic patients in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria(2016-09) Owumi, B. E.; Taiwo, P. A.; Victor, K.Despite considerable advancement in modern medical practice and its relative availability Nigerian urban cities, orthopaedic patients have continued to utilize traditional orthopaedic services. This study focused on the persistent utilization of traditional bone setters (TBS) by orthopaedic patients in Ilorin. Health belief model was adopted as theoretical basis for the study. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were combined: Multistage sampling technique was used to select respondents from the study area. Questionnaire was administered to a total of357 patients, while purposive sampling was used to select 7 patients and 14 practitioners for Indepth Interview (IDI). Majority of the respondents aged between 21 and 60 years (73.1%) were males (74.5%) and had secondary and tertiary education (76.6%). Findings revealed that the incidence of orthopaedic cases was higher in urban and semi-urban areas where most of the respondents (80.2%) resided. Patients also believed that the use of supernatural methods and therapies gave TBS an advantage over modem medicine and that contrary to the views of modem medical science, TBS treatment is highly effective and does not result in complications as argued by modem medical practitioners. It was advocated that modem practitioners show positive disposition towards the integration of western and traditional orthopaedic practices. It was further recommended that capacity building be developed among traditional orthopaedic practitioners who are a major provider of orthopaedic care in Nigeria.Item The role of significant others in the utilization of traditional orthopaedic services in Kwara state, Nigeria(2016) Owumi, B. E.; Kolo, V. R.; Taiwo, P. A.Orthopaedic injuries contribute to most musculo-skeletal health challenges in developing societies partly due to increasing rate of technological advancement and its associated consequences. Despite the little recognition experienced, traditional orthopaedic service due to the 'severity of most orthopaedic injuries which sometimes 'left patients incapacitated, decision making regarding treatment is sometimes determined by significant others and has implication for patients well being. This forms the focuss of this paper which is hinged on the health belief model as framework for explanation. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used to elicit data. Questionnaire was administered to 357 randomly selected orthopaedic patients, while In-depth Interview (IDI) was conducted with 7patients and 14 practitioners. Findings revealed that majority of the patients (73.1%) belonged to the active age group (21-60 years); were males (74.5%) who engaged in occupations that predisposed them to orthopaedic injuries. Referral was mainly effected by family members (43:2%), former TOSP's patients (35.4%), friends (13.0%), and members of practitioners’ ethnic groups (8.0%) who made these decisions because they were privy to effective treatment offered by the TOSPs. Intensive capacity building and collaboration with western practitioners was recommended for improved delivery of orthopaedic care.Item Integrating health services into microfinance operations for sustainable poverty alleviation: the case of female clients in Edo State(2014-09) Taiwo, P. A.; Owumi, B. E.Microfinance role in women empowerment and poverty alleviation has received a lot of focus with negligible attention on health implications. This paper focuses on microfinance and health- integration services as pathway for sustainable poverty alleviation, using cross-sectional survey of 750 purposively selected respondents (400 from micro finance banks (MBs) with integrated health-related services (IHS) and 350from MBs without IMS in Benin, Ugbowo, Iruekpen, Auchi, Jattu and Ekpoma. Fourteen In-depth interviews and 20 Key Informant Interviews were conducted. Respondents (60.3%) from MBs with IHS, who attached high importance to their health, doubled those from MBs without IHS (30.3%). IHS enabled client:: practice preventive health behaviour and payment for health services. IHS helps women value their health and reduces health-risks. MBs should be encouraged and funded to integrate health-related services in their operations.Item Old peoples' well being in a total institution and the imperative of new policy directive(2016) Owumi, B. E.; Taiwo, P. A.; Olaotan, S. Y.In contemporary times, African as well as Nigerian societies have experienced changes due to urbanization, globalization, and industrialization. This has resulted in a weakening of the hitherto existing bonds, norms, values and culture in the family structure with the attendant consequences of neglecting the elderly. While studies have focused on the factors militating against adequate care for the elderly, psychological well being of the elderly as well as their unmet needs, dearth of information exist on the social well-being of the elderly who are under care and support in the institution such as the Yaba old people's home. This study was conducted against this background with the social exchange theory and Health Belief Model as its theoretical frameworks. The study was purely qualitative using in- depth interview with 44 resident aged people, 3 key informant interviews with staff of the institution and nonparticipant observation as the methods of data collection. Over half (59.0%) of the respondents are female while about a quarter of the respondents (23.0%) most of whom were females, had no education. Furthermore, while 91.0% were between the ages of 71-90years, 98.0%, of the respondents were widowed prior to their admission into the homes. Findings revealed that the elderly experienced dissatisfaction with the food, access to medical attention and condition of living in the institution. This was revealed to be because they lacked choice as to what to eat, where to stay, who to stay with and when to receive medical attention. Lack of adequate funding from government, inconsistent payment from relations of the elderly, and limited supplies of resources were reported as the challenges faced by the institutions which affected the care of the elderly in the home. Adequate funding, consistent payment and increased support from government, clients relations and other necessary stakeholders respectively are recommended in order to ameliorate the conditions of the aged in Nigeria in particular and African in general.Item Perceived HIV-risk and the preventive strategies: the case of the trafficked women of Edo state origin(2013) Taiwo, P. A.; Owumi, B. E.This paper examines the peoples' perception of getting infected with HIV-AIDS and the preventive strategies known and adop'ed by trafficked and vulnerable Nigerian women of Edo State origin. The data were obtained from secondary sources which included literature searches and primary sources based on qualitative data obtained through structured interviews involving the trafficked and deported Edo ladies. A further source of the data was from a focused of group of vulnerable women in pdo State. The trafficking of young girls and the ignorance of HIV- status is a major factor for the spread of the HIV among sexually active people. The study reveals a high level of awareness, among the trafficked (deported): women and, a low level of awareness among the vulnerable women living in Edo State. There are high numbers of unprotected sexual practices with regular partners whose HIV statuses.are unknown and thus highly perceived HIV-risks among the most trafficked and a misconceived low perceived risks among the vulnerable. Te study concludes by recommending for the sensitization about the need to test for HlV-status and for the adoption of adequate behavioral change as key strategies for reducing HIV-risks.Item Utilization of traditional bone-setters in the treatment of bone fracture in Ibadan North Local Government(2013-05) Owumi, B. E.; Taiwo, P. A.; Olorunnisola, A. S.The World Health Organization had recommended the integration of traditional and modern medicine. However traditional medicine as well as traditional bone-setting had received poor recognition in Nigeria. This notwithstanding traditional bone-setters still enjoys patronage from the populace in Ibadan and the practitioners abound in almost eveiy part of the country. This study focused on the causes of fracture and utilization of traditional bone setters in Ibadan under the explanation of the functionalism and modernization theories. The study adopted the quantitative and qualitative method, with the survey of eighty-eight (88) patients and In-depth interview administered to eight (8) traditional bone setters and (4) patients. Majority (69.5 percent) of the respondents fall within the age range of 18-47 years. Findings revealed that there were more (55.7%) male patients than female (44.3%). A huge majority (85.7 percent) reported by that the major causes of fractures of the respondents was road traffic accidents, especially through the motor-cycle, while friends had major influence in the selection of traditional bone setting as a form of treatment among the patients. All the patients responded that they are willing to recommend the traditional bone-setter who treated them to others. Traditional bonesetters are well patronized and found to be relevant in the treatment offractures in especially in Ibadan and in other communities in Nigeria. The study recommends maximum support and funding from governments in the training and establishment of traditional bone-setters in Nigeria. Integration of traditional medicines as well as traditional bone-setting with modem medicine should be encouraged in Nigeria.Item Changing family structures/values and the incidence of human trafficking in Edo State(2007) Owumi, B. E.; Jerome, P. A.This paper attempts to unravel the underpinning factors that account for the upsurge of human trafficking in Edo State, Nigeria. The discourse is hinged on the Mertonian concept of innovation which explains the circumvention of societal mainstream values and employed as a circuit and routes to achieving societies collectively subscribed goals. The aims and objectives of the study include: identifying the changes in family structures that predispose parents to trafficking their children; examining the changes in family values that predispose parents to trafficking; discussing the perception of parents about trafficking their children and finally explaining the reasons for the persistence of human trafficking despite attempts to curb it. Focus group discussion (FGD) and in-depth interview methods were used in collecting data. The study revealed that parents are predisposed to trafficking their children due to poverty, unemployment, greed, ignorance, illiteracy, polygyny, distortion of social values, dysfunctional families among othersItem Traditional healing practices and health reforms in Nigeria(Department of Sociology Faculty of the Social Sciences University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, 2012) Owumi, B. E.; Taiwo, P. A.