scholarly works
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Item Changing family structures/values and the incidence of human trafficking in Edo State(2007) Owumi, B. E.; Jerome, P. A.This paper attempts to unravel the underpinning factors that account for the upsurge of human trafficking in Edo State, Nigeria. The discourse is hinged on the Mertonian concept of innovation which explains the circumvention of societal mainstream values and employed as a circuit and routes to achieving societies collectively subscribed goals. The aims and objectives of the study include: identifying the changes in family structures that predispose parents to trafficking their children; examining the changes in family values that predispose parents to trafficking; discussing the perception of parents about trafficking their children and finally explaining the reasons for the persistence of human trafficking despite attempts to curb it. Focus group discussion (FGD) and in-depth interview methods were used in collecting data. The study revealed that parents are predisposed to trafficking their children due to poverty, unemployment, greed, ignorance, illiteracy, polygyny, distortion of social values, dysfunctional families among othersItem Women trafficking and the risk of contacting HIV/AIDS among the trafficked in Edo state, Nigeria(2009) Jerome, A. P.; Owumi, B.Woman trafficking and HIV/AIDS have affected the country adversly and has posed a threat to the development of the nation. Although studies haves documented the contribution of commercial sex workers of long truck drivers towards HIV/AIDS, there dearth of knowledge about the phenomena of women trafficking and HIV/AIDS. The study therefore focused on the risk of contacting HIV/AIDS amongst trafficked girls in the two rehabilitation centres in Edo state. Qualitative techniques, which through, a case study, in-depth interviews and focus group discussion were used in elicting data. content analysis was used in the presentation of findings. The study revealed that most trafficked victims have very little or no knowledge about HIV/AIDS and its prevention before they are trafficked. Data showed improved knowledge of HIV/AIDS during the process of rehabilitation after they had been trafficked. The study observed that most of the trafficked girls refused to test for their HIV-status because they were invoved in high-risk sextual behaviour (unprotected sex) before rehabilitation to avoid stigma associated with HIV/AIDS, if they tested positive. The most known and preferred means of preventing HIV/AIDS amongst trafficked victim is condom use. However data showed that, in actual practices, the use of condom is low especially with regularand close partners. It was revealed that only one object is shared amongst subjects in the collection of blood, public and nails during the oath taking process and this is done to ensure that the girls are bound to their sponsor's instructions in the course of being trafficked in the order to avoid repercussions. Following these findings, the study recommends that the effort to combat women trafficking and HIV/AIDS be intensified through poverty alleviation, sentization against women trafficking and HIV/AIDS, reduction of stigmatization towards HIV/AIDS and empowerment of trafficked girls who have been rehabilitated to reduce recidivismItem Perspectives on positive leadership in Nigeria: report of a national survey(Macmillan Nigeria Publishers Limited, 2003) Agbaje, A. A. B.; Okunola, R. A.; Alarape, A. I.Item Deconstructing the burden of rural-urban migration in a non-regulatory system: the case of Lagos, Nigeria(2009-12) Nwokocha, E. E.Nigeria is one of the countries in the world with very high rural-urban dichotomy. Although the nation is generally characterized by poor social amenities, both in quality and quantity, rural communities are disproportionately more disadvantaged than urban centres due to governmental neglect. Consequently, the number of rural inhabitants that migrate to cities in the hope of overcoming the powerlessness that is consistent with rural life is unprecedented. The resulting population densities in these destinations and the corresponding disadvantages require effective regulations that will engage the push factors, on one hand, and methods for in-migrants to adjust to destination cities without infringing on the existing social equilibrium, on the other. Although the adjustability of some in-migrants in Lagos was examined, the challenge of non-regulation and the consequent unmanageable migrant-inflow into the city sustain the burden at family and societal levels. This paper argues that Nigeria, generally, practices a non-regulatory internal migration system with prospective recipients, most times, forced to adjust grudgingly to unforeseen human additions. Investigating how these receiving families and groups are coping with this recurring contingency is critical to understanding the burden and contradictions of the non-existence of registration systems and haphazardness in spatial allocations, land use, distribution of public resources and compliance to laws. Suggesting appropriate context-specific intervention strategies to a non-regulatory migration patterns and processes, as in the case of Nigeria, is strongly recommended.Item Item Youths and risky sexual behaviour: a kap study on HIV/AIDS amongst University of Ibadan student(2009-09) Akokuwebe, M. E.; Okunola, R. A.; Falayi, O. E.This study examined knowledge, awareness and attitude of sexual behaviour as factors likely to affect risk-taking behaviours. Six hundred undergraduates of the University of Ibadan participated in this cross-sectional survey (100 Level and 400 Level students). Data were collected using three structured and validated scales. Results indicated that HIV transmission knowledge has a significant effect on sexual risk-taking behaviours. Misconception on the transmission of HIV/AIDS was also been reported and had a significant effect on risk-taking behaviours. Inadequate and inappropriate knowledge of HIV increases youths' risky sexual behaviours. An attitude such as one cannot contract HIV in their first time of sexual intercourse also increases their chances of risky behaviour. It is, thus, recommended that HIV awareness campaigns be intensified, while attitude-change initiatives should be embarked upon to discourage youths from risky sexual behaviour.Item Prevalence and consequences of Ewu-ukwu custom in Mbaise, Imo State, Nigeria(2008) Isiugo-Abanihe, U. C.; |Nwokocha, E. E.Studies have consistently shown that fertility among the Igbo of Southeast Nigeria is high, and particularly higher among the Mbaise people. Multiple socio-economic and cultural factors such as son preference, stigma and discrimination ascribed to childlessness and other relevant practices in different communities bolster frequent child-bearing among Igbo women even without prompting from their husbands and, at times in conditions that threaten their lives. In Mbaise in particular, the ewu-ukwu custom which is celebrated to honour a woman after her tenth child is perceived as an index of accomplishment and self-actualization. The objectives of the study are to examine the prevalence of the ewu-ukwu custom in Mbaise, and to identify the categories of people who are breaking with the tradition by discontinuing the practice and the factors motivating them to do so. Furthermore, the consequences of the custom on maternal and child health as well as on care and welfare of young people was explored. The findings indicate that the custom has waned, but as long as it lasted, the quest for induction into this relatively privileged social group shored up high fertility, and is associated with high maternal and infant mortality and morbidity which are themselves exacerbated by poor health facilities. Also, the ewu-ukwu custom has multidimensional implications for the wellbeing and gender roles of relevant individuals and groups which call for urgent interventions and societal re-orientationItem Attitudes and behaviour of Nigerian university students towards voluntary HIV counselling and testing(2009) Nwokocha, E. E.; Eyango, V.Despite increased campaign for voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) for HIV/AIDS in Nigeria only a negligible number of young people participates in this activity. This study investigates the factors affecting the attitudes and behaviour of students at the University of Ibadan, which is a microcosm of other universities in the country, as a way of understanding the context in which apathy towards VCT occurs. The Health Belief Model and the Theory of Reasoned Action enable the study to highlight the variables that interact to influence students’ behaviour towards VCT. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and in-depth interviews (IDIs). The survey involved 400 respondents selected through a multi-stage sampling technique, while 12 IDIs were conducted among undergraduate and postgraduate students identified as relatively knowledgeable about issues related to VCT – mainly as peer educators. The findings show that although 95.3% of the students were aware of VCT, only 15% of them had undertaken voluntary HIV testing. The specific results indicate that there is a wide gap between intention and action related to VCT. Of the 57.5% respondents who had discussed VCT and intended to participate in it, only 27.3% actually underwent VCT. A combination of overconfidence in not being HIV positive, fear of testing positive to the virus, the perceived non-confidentiality of test results and stigma and discrimination strongly discourage students from partaking in VCT. The study clearly indicates the need to bridge the gap between knowledge and behaviour through vigorous sensitization and enlightenment activities.Item Women trafficking and the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS among the trafficked in Edo State(African Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues, 2009) Jerome, P. A.; Owumi, B. E.Women trafficking and HIV/AIDS have affected the country adversely and has posed a threat to the development of the nation. Although studies have documented the contribution of commercial sex workers of long truck drivers towards HIV/AIDS, there is dearth of knowledge about the phenomena of women trafficking and HIV/AIDS. This study therefore focused on the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS amongst trafficked girls in the two rehabilitation centres in Edo State. Qualitative techniques, which through, a case study, in –depth interviews and Focus Group Discussion were used in eliciting data. Content analysis was used in the presentation of findings. The study revealed that most trafficked victims have very little or no knowledge about HIV/AIDS and its prevention before they were trafficked. Data showed improved knowledge of HIV/AIDS during the process of rehabilitation after they had been trafficked. The study observed that most of the trafficked girls refused to test for their HIV-status because they were involved in high-risk sexual behavior (unprotected sex) before rehabilitation to avoid stigma associated with HIV/AIDS if they tested positive. The most known and prefers means of preventing HIV/AIDS amongst trafficked victim is condom use. However data showed that, in actual practice, the use of condom is low especially with regular and close partners. It was also revealed that only one object is shared amongst subjects in the collection of blood, pubic and nails during the oath taking process and this is done to ensure that the girls are bound to their sponsor’s instructions in the course of being trafficked in order to avoid repercussions. Following these findings, the study recommends that effect to combat women trafficking and HIV/AIDS be intensified through poverty alleviation, sensitization against women trafficking and HIV?AIDS, reduction of stigmatization towards HIV/AIDS and empowerment of trafficked girls who have been rehabilitated to reduce recidivismItem Changing familty structures/values and the incidence of human trafficking in Edo state(2007) Owumi, B. E..; Jerome, P. A.This paper attempts to unravel the underpinning factors that account for the upsurge of human trafficking in Edo State, Nigeria. The discourse is hinged on the Mertonian concept of innovation which explains the circumvention of societal mainstream values and employed as a circuit and routes to achieving societies collectively subscribed goals. The aims and objectives of the study include: identifying the changes in family structures that predispose parents to trafficking their children; examining the changes in family values that predispose parents to trafficking ;discussing the perception o parents about trafficking their children and finally explaining the reasons for the persistence of human trafficking despite attempts to curb it. Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and in-depth interview methods were used in collecting data. The study revealed that parents are predisposed to trafficking their children due to poverty, unemployment, greed, ignorance, illiteracy, polygyny, distortion of social values, dysfunctional families among others