scholarly works
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Item Socio-cultural factors influencing immunization of children in Ekiti State, Nigeria(2018-03) Agbana, R. D.; Kunle-Olowu, A. O.; Taiwo, P. A.Several studies have been conducted to urge efforts at reducing the rate of infant morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Scientific innovations and research for efficient immunization has been able to reduce the spread of poliomyelitis across the world and make this vaccine preventable disease a history. One hundred nursing mothers were interviewed on Socio cultural factors influencing immunization of children. Knowledge of immunization was observed to be average among the study population. Identified factors that limit immunization coverage include; attitude, culture, beliefs, religions, politics, economy, conspiracies, boycotts and human suspicions. Despite reasonable knowledge on immunization and its role in disease prevention, there is a need to improve availability of information on the importance of immunization and to chage parents’ negative beliefs and attitudes towards achieving total immunization coverage.Item Motherhood and the practice of grand multiparity: responses from grand multiparous women in Ibadan, Nigeria(0331-3158, 2017) Oshodi, K. O.; Salami, K. K.; Taiwo, P. A.Grand Multiparity (GMP), having five or more pregnancies and deliveries, has contributed to high population growth in Nigeria. While the quality of life of children and the health risks associated with GMP have dominated scholarly discourse, dearth of information exists on perception of Grand Multiparity (GMP) and its practices. This study therefore focused on the Perception of Grand Multiparous Women in Grand Multiparity Practices in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. With Health belief model as framework in this study, questionnaire was administered to 422 randomly selected GMP women identified through snowballing, while 12 Key Informant Interviews were conducted with four healthcare practitioners each from western, traditional, and faith-based patterns. Six sessions of focus group discussions were also held with GMP mothers and husbands. The age of the respondents was 43.3 years ±1.2. About 41% and 19% had secondary and tertiary education respectively. Ninety per cent of the respondents were between their 5th and 7th pregnancies. Majority (67.0%) of GMP women were influenced by: couples` desire for more children (23.8%), non-use of contraception (22.6%) and desire for male children (19.5%). The GMP was significantly associated with respondents’ level of education (χ2=365.85). The GMP was rooted in the cultural values of the respondents, hence, inevitable. Conclusion: Grand multiparous practice and its attendant health-risks still exist in the rural area of Ibadan, Oyo-State, Nigeria, due to its socio-cultural influence.Item Perception and affordability of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets among pregnant women and mothers of children under five years in Ogun State, Nigeria(Elsevier Limited, 2014) Adeneye, A. K.; Jegede, A. S.; Nwokocha, E. E; Mafe, M. A.Summary Despite the distribution of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs) in Nigeria, access to and use of LLINs continues to be minimal. Little is also known about the perceived fair price people are willing to pay for LLINs in Ogun State, South-West Nigeria. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaire among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics and mothers of under-five children in randomly-selected malaria holo-endemic communities of Ijebu North and Yewa North local government areas of Ogun State. Results showed that only 23.6% of 495 respondents owned and were using LLINs. One of the main reasons for non-use of LLINs was unaffordability of LLIN cost. 84.2% of the 495 respondents were willing to pay at a hypothetical price of N800.00 (US$5.00) for a LLIN, 15.6% were unwilling and 0.2% was indifferent to buying it at the price. Their willingness to pay was significantly determined by education and occupation (p = 0.00). Health education strategies need to be developed to increase awareness and demand for LLINs. However, there is the need to take into account preferred access outlets and the diversity in willingness to pay for LLINs if equity to access is to be ensured in the study communities.Item An evaluation of the impacts of the National Health Insurance Scheme on the employees' health status at the University of Ibadan(2013) Owumi, B. E.; Omorogbe, C. E.; Raphael, S. C.This study examines employees’ health care status and provision of health care services under the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) at the University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Data were collected from 383 randomly selected respondents through survey method. Eighteen in-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted among nine male and female respondents each to reflect gender balance. The data generated through the questionnaire were analyzed using content analysis. The findings revealed a high level of awareness of the scheme among the employees while employees perceived their health status as good following the usage of the health care services under the scheme. The findings revealed the influence of NHIS on the perception of employees’ health status at the University of Ibadan. It is recommended that necessary steps be taken to occupy employees while waiting for consultation with doctor such as provision of informative and educational materials.Item Rational choice theory and the choice of healthcare services in the treatment of malaria in Nigeria(Macrothink Institute, 2013) Owumi, B. E.This paper is on the rational choice theory and the choice of healthcare services for the treatment of malaria in Nigeria. It focuses on the factors that influence or determine the choice malaria treatment using the rational choice theory as the basis. It was discovered that there were many determinants of what informs the maximum utility but it is all wrapped up in the organization of the health care system. Hence, in choosing treatment for malaria, factors like; perceived and actual quality of care, proximity of the services, accessibility, cost of treatment, socio-economic status of the patients, availability of services, etc., are important. These factors in many occasions constitute constraints which in turn makes choices explicit and then patients makes trade-offs between alternatives.Item Factors associated with treatment compliance in hypertension in Southwest Nigeria(2011) Osamor, P. E.; Owumi, B. E.Hypertension is an important condition among adults, affecting nearly one billion people worldwide. Treatment with appropriate medication is a key factor in the control of hypertension and reduction in associated risk of complications. However, compliance with treatment is often sub-optimal, especially in developing countries. The present study investigated the factors associated with self-reported compliance among hypertensive subjects in a poor urban community in southwest Nigeria. This community-based cross sectional study employed a survey of a convenience sample of 440 community residents with hypertension and eight focus-group discussions (FGDs) with a subset of the participants. Of the 440 hypertensive respondents, 65.2% were women, about half had no formal education, and half were traders. Over 60% of the respondents sought care for their condition from the hospital while only 5% visited a chemist or a patent medicine vendor (PMV). Only 51% of the subjects reported high compliance. Factors associated with high self-reported compliance included: regular clinic attendance, not using non-Western prescription medication, and having social support from family members or friends who were concerned about the respondent’s hypertension or who were helpful in reminding the respondent about taking medication. Beliefs about cause of hypertension were not associated with compliance. The findings of the FGDs showed that the respondents believed hypertension is curable with the use of both orthodox and traditional medicines and that a patient who ‘feels well’ could stop using antihypertensive medication. It is concluded that treatment compliance with antihypertensive medication remains sub-optimal in this Nigerian community. The factors associated with high self-reported compliance were identified. More research is needed to evaluate how such findings can be used for the control of hypertension at the community level.Item Complementary and alternative medicine in the management of hypertension in an urban Nigerian community(2010) Osamor, P. E.; Owumi, B. E.Hypertension is a common non communicable condition worldwide. In developing countries (including Nigeria), the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is common. This study investigated the frequency and factors associated with use of CAM among hypertensive subjects in an urban Nigerian community. Perspectives about the management of hypertension were obtained from CAM practitioners in the community. Methods: Four hundred and forty hypertensive subjects in Idikan community, Ibadan, were interviewed using a semi-structured survey instrument. Association between categorical variables was tested using the chi-square test. Logistic regression analysis was done to identify independent predictor variables of CAM use, with CAM use as the outcome variable and the demographic and belief items as predictor variables. In-depth interviews were conducted with all known CAM practitioners in the community on issues relating to their beliefs, knowledge, practice and experiences in managing patients with hypertension in the community. Results: In the study sample, 29% used CAM in the management of their hypertension. Among those using CAM, the most common forms used were herbs (63%) and garlic (21%). Logistic regression analysis revealed that four variables were independent predictors of CAM use: being male (OR 2.58, p < 0.0001), belief in supernatural causes of hypertension (OR 2.11, p = 0.012), lack of belief that hypertension is preventable (OR 0.57, p = 0.014) and having a family history of hypertension (OR1.78, p = 0.042). Other factors such as age, educational level and occupation were not independent predictors of CAM use. Interviews with CAM practitioners revealed that they believed hypertension was caused by evil forces, stress or "too much blood in the body". They also thought they could cure hypertension but that reduced costs (compared to hospitals) was one of the reasons most of their clients consult them. Conclusions: The use of CAM is common among hypertensive subjects in this urban Nigerian community. Men were more than twice as likely to use CAM and belief in supernatural causes of hypertension was the most notable belief predicting CAM use. Interviews with CAM practitioners yielded useful perspectives about the role they play in hypertension management in the community. This study adds to the small but growing literature about the use of CAM in hypertension in sub Saharan Africa. Further studies in hypertension and other non communicable disease are needed.Item Socio-cultural context of developmental milestones in infancy in South West Nigeria: a qualitative study(2015) Osamor, P. E.; Owumi, B. E.; Dipeolu, I. O.Developmental milestones are generally understood to be milestones of neurological development such as neck control, sitting without support, crawling and standing. Child health care providers routinely use normative data on such milestones to evaluate child development. However, there is often a cultural context to expectations of developmental milestones. The goal of this research is to explore the socio-cultural context of developmental milestones in infancy in a Nigerian community. In-depth interview was conducted with 30 mothers enrolled from an infant welfare clinic, southwest, Nigeria The transcripts were coded and analyzed using the Atlas ti 7.0 software package in a combination of thematic and narrative approaches. Mean age of participants was 33.3 (SD 5.1) years, 73% were married, 80% had two or more older children. Mothers expect that a child will be able to sit unaided, crawl and be able to stand by the age of one year. Opinion was divided about if it was possible to predict the age a child will attain a specific milestone. Most mothers reported that the age at which babies attain developmental milestones depends on childrearing practices utilized by the mother. Other factors they perceive as influencing developmental milestones include: having siblings, the age at which siblings and/or parents achieve similar milestones and the environment the child is reared in. Teething was considered an important milestone which has specific culture-bound connotations. Walking was considered one of the most significant milestones, not only indicating normal development but also signifying some independence for both mother and child. In this study of Nigerian mothers, developmental milestones in the first year of life have recognized influencing factors and a number of specific culture-bound associated beliefs. This exploratory study provides insights into intersections between biomedical and cultural concepts of childhood development.Item Socialization and child rearing practices among Nigerian ethnic groups(MCSER-CEMAS-Sapienza University of Rome, 2013) Ajayi, J. O.; Owumi, B. E.Children are socialized into adult roles in society through the process of socialization particularly through the family which is the first contact point of any child into the open world of human relations. Socialization forms differ from one society to the other, in Nigeria there are three major ethnic groups in addition to about two hundred and forty seven minor ones, the pattern and forms of socialization among these ethnic nationalities differ. Ethnic identities and loyalty are built up in children in Nigeria based on these different cultural settings. Divergence in political and social relations including ethnic bigotry experience in the country in contemporary time has its root embedded in the differentiation existing in the nature and nurture of children at the formative stage of their lives. This paper examines the patterns of socialization and child rearing found among the various ethnic groups in Nigeria with a view to identifying lines of symmetry for the promotion of unity and oneness that will engender rapid and sustainable development in the country.