Scholarly works in Psychiatry

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/536

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Author: search.filters.author.Oladele, O.Subject: search.filters.subject.Schizophrenia

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    Neurocognitive Impairments (NCI) in bipolar disorder: Comparison with schizophrenia and healthy controls
    (Elsevier B.V, 2020) Esan, O. B.; Oladele, O.; Adediran, K. I.; Abiona, T. O.
    Background: Neurocognitive impairments (NCI) are common in patients with bipolar I disorder. However, reports about the affected domains, outcomes and magnitude have been inconsistent. The aim of this study was to compare the magnitude (severity) and specificity (domains), of (NCI) in euthymic Bipolar I Disorder (BD) patients with a demographically and educationally matched sample of patients with schizophrenia in remission (SC) and healthy controls (HC). Methods: The Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry (SCIP) was applied in this cross-sectional study, to all consecutive and consenting euthymic outpatients with bipolar I disorder (BD) (n = 76), remitted patients with schizophrenia (n = 130) and age and gender-matched healthy controls (HC) (n = 100). The cognitive tests done included Verbal List Learning-Immediate (VLT-I), Working Memory Test (WMT), Verbal Fluency Test (VFT), Verbal Learning Test-Delayed (VLT-D) and Processing Speed Test (PST). Within the bipolar group, the association between NCI and functioning was assessed. Results: There was a significant difference in the proportions of participants that had cognitive impairment from the 3 groups (37% (HC) vs. 71.1% (BD) vs. 91.5%(SC) (p=0.001) The BD group in comparison to the HCs did worse on all domains of the SCIP except WMT and PST. The BD group was not significantly different from the SC group in all neuropsychological domains of the SCIP except WMT. BD group significantly functions better than the SC group. The severity of depressive symptomatology and VLT-I were independent predictors of functioning in the BD group. Conclusion: Cognitive impairment affects almost all the neurocognitive domains of the BD group. The difference in NCI between euthymic BD patients and SC in remission are quantitative rather than qualitative.
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    Modeling psychological function in patients with schizophrenia with the PANSS: an international multi-center study
    (Cambridge University Press, 2021) Fountoulakis, K. N.; Dragioti, E.; Theofilidis, A. T.; Wiklund, T.; Atmatzidis, X.; Nimatoudis, I.; Thys, E.; Wampers, M.; Hranov, L.; Hristova, T.; Aptalidis, D.; Milev, R.; Iftene, F.; Spaniel, F.; Knytl, P.; Furstova, P.; From, T.; Karlsson, H.; Walta, M.; Esan, O. B.; Oladele, O.; Osunbote, C.; Rybakowski, J. K.; Wojciak P.
    Background: The aim of the current study was to explore the changing interrelationships among clinical variables through the stages of schizophrenia in order to assemble a comprehensive and meaningful disease model. Methods: Twenty-nine centers from 25 countries participated and included 2358 patients aged 37.21 11.87 years with schizophrenia. Multiple linear regression analysis and visual inspection of plots were performed. Results: The results suggest that with progression stages, there are changing correlations among Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale factors at each stage and each factor correlates with all the others in that particular stage, in which this factor is dominant. This internal structure further supports the validity of an already proposed four stages model, with positive symptoms dominating the first stage, excitement/hostility the second, depression the third, and neurocognitive decline the last stage. Conclusions: The current study investigated the mental organization and functioning in patients with schizophrenia in relation to different stages of illness progression. It revealed two distinct “cores” of schizophrenia, the “Positive” and the “Negative,” while neurocognitive decline escalates during the later stages. Future research should focus on the therapeutic implications of such a model. Stopping the progress of the illness could demand to stop the succession of stages. This could be achieved not only by both halting the triggering effect of positive and negative symptoms, but also by stopping the sensitization effect on the neural pathways responsible for the development of hostility, excitement, anxiety, and depression as well as the deleterious effect on neural networks responsible for neurocognition.
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    Bipolar I disorder in remission vs. schizophrenia in remission: Is there a difference in burden?
    (Elsevier, 2017) Esan, O.B.; Osunbote, C.; Oladele, O.; Fakunle, S.; Ehindero, C.; Fountoulakis, K.N.
    Introduction: Bipolar disorder (BD) is considered to have a better outcome in comparison to schizophrenia. However, recent data dispute this notion. The current study aimed to compare the burden of patients with BD type I (BD-I) in remission with similar patients with schizophrenia (SZ) in remission. Material and Methods: Patients with schizophrenia (n=75) and BD-I (n=54) aged 18-64 years were included in the study. The diagnosis was made with the SCID-I/P. Patients were assessed for sociodemographic variables, stigma, quality of life, disability, suicidality and current symptomatology. The statistical analysis included Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) and chi-square test. Results: ANCOVA with age at onset as a covariate and marital status and diagnosis as grouping variables returned no significant difference. Discussion: The results of the current study suggest that when in remission, BD-I patients do not differ from patients with schizophrenia with regards to stigma, quality of life, disability level and suicidality. Also, when in remission, they do not differ regarding the severity of their psychopathology.